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INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL

ESCUELA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERÍA QUÍMICA E

INDUSTRIAS EXTRACTIVAS.

ANTEPROYECTO DE TESIS 

BIOEMPAQUES CON NANOMATERIALES.

 P R E S E N TA

KARINA HERNÁNDEZ PÉREZ.

MARIA GUADALUPE TRENADO SOBERANES.

ING. JUAN MANUEL MERCADO MOREYRA.

DIRECTOR DE TESIS

PROFESOR: RUSSEL ECHEVARRIA PADRON.

  MÉXICO D.F. 2015

 

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INDICE

RESUMEN………………………………………………………………………………………………………..4

INTRODUCCIN………………………………………………………………………………………………...4

CAPITULO I.! GENERALIDADES DE LOS "IOEMPA#UES CON NANOMATERIALES………………5

CAPITULO II.! DESARROLLO EXPERIMENTAL DEL ALMIDON DE AMARANTO MODIFICADO…..$

CAPITULO III.! ANALISIS Y DISCUSION DE RESULTADOS……………………………………………11

CAPITULO IV.! ALCANCE Y EL IMPACTO…………………………………………………………………1%

REFERENCIAS…………………………………………………………………………………………………22

 ANEXOS…………………………………………………………………………………………………………24

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OBJETIVOS GENERALES.

• M&'()*) +(, -* */* & ,*,(*&)3*-& -* 3,/)3* /63+* +(, -* 33,/+37, & -*

&33(,& &CO

2

8 &*))(--*,( *&)3*-& &+(-793+( *39*-& +(, &- &3( *3&,&.

OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS.

• O&,&) * ;*)3) &- *-37, & **)*,( &, -* *9)(3,/)3* /,* *() ;)(/++37,

(&,3-&.

• M(3;/-*.

  P)&&,*) -* *() ;)(&++37, +(,&)?*+37, & -( *-3&,( +(, +*)*+&)63+*

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& 3+)(+>;/-* +(, &( *-3(,& ()*)(, )&/-*( *33+( +(,3/&, &, -* *+/*-3* /, +*;( & 3,&) +)&+3&,& &, &+()& 3,/)3*-&3?&)( &,?*&8 */((+37,8 *-3&,*+37,8 &+() &-+)3+(!&-&+)7,3+(8 +(,)/++37,8 &3+3,*8&3-8 &+.. E& 3,&) &> 6,3*&,& )&-*+3(,*( +(, -* &,&,+3* 9-(*-&,& &&,3*8 &/3/+37, & -( *&)3*-& ;)(+&&,& &

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CAPITULO I. GENERALIDADES DE LOS BIOEMPAQUES CON NANOMATERIALES.

ANTECEDENTES.

L* *() ;*)& & -( *&)3*-& /& & /3-3=*, ;*)* &- &;*/& & *-3&,( ,( (,3(&9)**-&. C(, &- ,3+* & *))&)* (, ;()&.L( ,*,(*&)3*-& 3&,&, *() >)&* & /;&)+3+( * / 6&)( &B3)**( ->+3(8 ;&)3& &- ;)(+&( &;(-3&)3=*+37, 3&;)& +/*,( & /3-3+& &- *&+/*( +**-3=*(). E- ->+3( &> &9/3( ;() &-)(;33&,( & /, *,3--( /& & *)& * -* ;(-3&)3=*+37, & ?*)3( ;(-6&)( & *-( ;&( (-&+/-*) */,* ;(&)3() )&*++37, & +(;(-3&)3=*+37, +(, +*;)(-*+(,* *,( +(( )&/-*( /,* ;&-6+/-* /&& /* ;*)* &;*/& & *-3&,( P&,*3, & *-.8 2000 4.

L* 6,&3 & -* +(;(-3&)3=*+37, & 3,'&)*+37, & (,7&)( *-& +(( *+)3-(,3)3-( AN8 9&,&)*,/, ;)&+/)() & ;(-6&)(*-37,3,'&)(PAN8 -( +/*-& (, *3, 3(&9)**-& TB*)*,*B*,8 2002 5.

L( 3(;(-6&)( ,*/)*-& ;)(?3&,&, & +/*)( 9)*,& 9&,(9&-*3,*8()39&, *)3,( /33,*/3(*,8 ()39&, *9)6+(-* -6;3( 9)** & B3)(+(-(3&: ;)(&6,* ;(-3*+>)3( ()39&, 3+)(3*,( >+3( ;(-3->+3+( PLA ;(-3B3)(3*-+*,(*( PHATB*)*,*B*,8 200 %.

E- +&-(,8 & /,* ;&-6+/-* )&9&,&)** & +&-/-(* /& & B*+& ;() /, ;)(+&( ?3+((.

L* +&-/-(* & &) *,37,3+( -* +*)(3&3-+&-/-(* CMC8 & (-/3-3=*, &, *9/* 3&,(+(;*3-& +(, ()( 3;( & 3((-+/-*8 &'()*,( -* ;)(;3&*& &+>,3+* & *))&)* &, -*

;&-6+/-* &-*()**. L* CMC & /,* ;&-6+/-* +*;*= & *()&) &- *+&3& )&+(93( &, -( *-3&,((&3( * ;)(+&( &

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/,* *-* ;&)&*3-3* *- O2 33,/+37, *- ?*;() & *9/* &, TPS & *3-(* +(;*)*( +(, -(&-*()*( * ;*)3) & *3-(;&+3,*. F()&-- & *-.8 2002 D(-& & *-.8 2004 J*,(, TB/?*,&)82004 "-*+3( & *-.8 2005 Q.

E- PHA & ()( 3(;(-6&)( ;)(/+3( ;() /,* P&/((,* *&)/93,(* /& ;)(/+&, &+&-&,&;&-6+/-* ;*)* &;*/& ;&)3& +(,)(-*) &- CO2 /)*,& &- *-*+&,*3&,( & ,&= & *-.8 2005 $.

H(8 && )3,( & B* +(,?&)3( +*3 &, /, 3,7,3( & ;->3+(. E- 3( &- ,/&?( *&)3*- 3-8

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(&,3-&8 3;-&&,*+37, & &+,(-(96* 3+(. L( ;->3+( (, /,( & -( *&)3*-& > /3-3=*( &, &* *;-3+*+37, */& ;)&&,*, +*)*+&)63+* &&*-& +(( ;() &'&;-( )*,;*)&,+3*8 ;)(;3&*& &+>,3+*&3+( > /3-3=*( & &-*()*, +(,;)(/+( ;&)(/63+( *-& +((: &)& &- */&,( &, &-+(,/( & +(/3-& 3+( ;)(?&,3&,& & /, (,7&)( ,*/)*-8 ;/&&, ;&)&) / ;)(;3&* & 3(&9)**)&&3( * (3,3+*8 )3+*87;3+*

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E* &'()* 3,+-/&,8 ;() &'&;-(8 &- */&,( & 7/-( & &-*3+3*8 &)( +(;*)*( +(, -(9)>,/-( & ()( *-3(,&. E* ;)(;3&* /** * -* ;)&&,+3* *()3*)3* & *3-(;&+3,**-37, * / +(,

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FIGURA 1.! MICROCAPSULAS CON ALMIDON SUCCINILADO.

HIPÓTESIS

L* (&,+37, &- *-37, & **)*,( (3+3(!*-+(B7-3+*: E- *-37, & **)*,( ,*3?(

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M*&)3*- & )&--&,(: L3(,&,(: 43(;)&,3-!1!&3-!+3+-(!B&&,( 9)*( *,*-63+( P)&;*)*+37, & -*3+)(+>;/-*: L* (-/+3(,&

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/, 3+)(+(;3( J&(- (. JSM! 5Q00LV +(, /, ?(-*'& & 10^?. D3

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E, -( 3*9)** +())&;(,3&,& * -( *-3(,& /3/3( & ;/&& (&)?*) &*;*)3+37,;*)+3*- & ;3+( &, -* =(,* +(;)&,3* &,)& 500 1000 +!18 &;&+3*-&,& &, &- +*( &-*-37,

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FIGURA 5: MICROCAPSULAS CON ALMIDON FOSFATADO.

FIGURA %: MICROCdPSULAS CON GOMA ARd"IGA.

DIAGRAMA DE BLOQUES.

14

Obtención de los almidonessustituidos

Materiales y métodos

Hidrólisis cido!

alco"ólica#

$os%orilación delalmidón "idroli&ado'

(uccinilación del almidón"idroli&ado#

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15

Micro enca)sulación

Materiales de )ared utili&ados como )atrones'

1# *+,(-. /almidón de ma& de ational (tarc"$ood nnoation 2#nstant um 49345 /oma

arbia de *ollodes aturels nternacional#

Material de relleno' .imoneno' 4iso)renil!1!metil!ciclo!"e:eno /rado analtico

,re)aración de las microc)sulas'

20; de sólidos /material de )ared <material de relleno#

.as emulsiones de limoneno con lassus)ensiones de almidón en aua destilada

%ueron "omoenei&adas en un aitador-ltra!=urra: >+ modelo =18!?asic@ a 14000

 

(ecado s)ray

(ecadero s)ray de laboratorio

+itador manético

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CAPITULO IV. ALCANCE EL IMPACTO.

ALCANCE EL IMPACTO.

S3/*+37, ;)(/+3?*

L* /;&)

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P&)( */6 > ()* ;*)3+/-*)3*& 3&,3 /& &-)39(. E- )&,33&,( ;() B&+>)&* (+3-* &,)& 1.0 2.0 (,. S3, )3&9(8 ;&)33&,( *&9/)*) *-+*;&3,( /, */&,( &, -* )&,*3-3* & -* 3&))* &, /, 100 * 200.

E& &-&?*( ;)&+3( +(&)+3*- &- **)*,( & && * / *-( ,3?&- ;)(&6,3+( )39( 1 *6= .%Q**)*,( 15.548 * / 3+( & *-* )&,*3-3* &, M3+( & &- ;)(9)** E)*&93* ;*)* -* ;)((+37,& -* ;)(/++37, -* &;()*+3(,& & **)*,( / ;)(/+( 8 &, 1$$8 3;/-*( ;() ()9*,3=*+3(,& 9/&),*&,*-& ,( 9/&),*&,*-& &- &+() ;)(/+3?( & -* ,*+37,. L*)&-*+37, +((&,&

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!+(( & ;)(/++37, &- ;)(&+( 4.5 B*:1.$1.4 !3,9)&( )/( ?&,* & ;)(/++37,: .150.000

!/3-3* )/*: 1.22.52

S3, &*)9(8 ,( (-?3*,( &( ?*-()&8 &- ,/&?( *9)3+/-() /& 3,+/)3(,& &, &- +/-3?( & **)*,(8

&& +(,3&)*) /& &- *)9&, & )&,*3-3* /& (&,9* &, / ;)3&)* +(&+B* &;&,&)> &+3&)* +*)*+&)63+*. E- +(,(+33&,( /&, *,&'( &- &))&,(8 & -( 3&* & +/-3?(8 ;*/&&&+,(-793+(8 &*,* &- &)+*(8 *;&+( +/-/)*-&8 (, &&)3,*,& /& ;&)3&, -* (&,+37,& 1.0 * 1.5 (,B &, &- ;)3&) *( & +(,(+&)  &- +/-3?(. D& *+/&)( +(, &;&)3&,+3* &, 3

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*( ;*)* 9)*,'&)( &;&+3*-3=*)& &, &&)3,** +(&+B*. L* +(&+B* & **)*,( -&;)(;()+3(,*, * -( 9)*,'&)( -* (;+37, & */&,*) -* 3?&)3* & +(&+B*8 )&/+3&,( &- )3&9(& 3,&+(8 &, 3;/-*,(*- **)*,( / /;)(/+(8 *'( &- +(,+&;( & ;)(/+(.

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 A- 39/*- /& -( E*( U,3( C*,*> B*, &*))(--*( &- +/-3?( & **)*,( *,( ;*)* & B*, --&9*( * &)*) B** 150 B&+>)&*& && +/-3?(.

E- **)*,( +)&+3( ;*)* -* ;)(/++37, & -* &3--* )&/3&)& /, 3;( 3

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/,* 3*,+3* & 0!100 + &,)& 3 * /,* ;)(,/-* +** %0 + &, -( /)+(8 -/&9( & -* +/)& & 3&))* & +(;*+* *-)&&() & &--*.

P*)* /, 7;3( &*))(--( & -* +*&,* ;)(/+3?* &- **)*,( & ,&+&*)3( 3;/-*) -* /3-3=*+37,& &/3;(8 */3,*)3* 3&* & &+,3

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BIBLIOGRAFÍA:

1R3?&)*!M*+^3,(B L.R. G. V. N&?>)&=!M(()3--7,. 200$: F/&,& & +*)(,( &+(,73+*;*)* -* ;)(/++37, & 3(;->3+( *+&)3*,(. TECNOCIENCIA CB3B/*B/* 2: 5Q!%.2D& A-&3*8 A-&'*,)* .A. R/3=8 J3&,* I. L7;&=8 N*,+ P&3,*)38 Mf. J/-3*. 2004. "3(;->3+(:/,* *-&),*3?* &+(-793+*. #/63+* ?3?* ,@&)( . ISNN 1%%%!$4Q

TB*)*,*B*,8 R. 200. "3(&9)**-&

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%TB*)*,*B*,8 200. "3(&9)**-&

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1$Y*,98 c.8 M*8 Y.8 T*,98 J.8 Y*,98 X. KG)&&, ,B&3K (< (,(3;&)& P ,*,(;*)3+-&*, B&3) +**-3+ ;)(;&)3&. C(--(3 *, S/)

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1 L.S. J*+^(, . L&&: M3+)(&,+*;/-*3(, *, B&

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B)&*&,& ;-*, ;&+3& 3B ;(&,3*- &,&