Physique - chap 7 - COURS Diffraction des Ondes Progressives Sinusoïdale

7/29/2019 Physique - chap 7 - COURS Diffraction des Ondes Progressives Sinusodale

1/31


2/31

Ok}izn`}ohk hkmi" bn}ozi

Moggzn`}ohk

Zgai|ohk

Zgzn`}ohk

Moptizpohk


3/31

ZIGAI\OHKAhop mi an zgai|ohk

>izi aho mi Mip`nz}ip:ibi aho mi Mip`nz}ip

ZGZN@]OHKTlkhbki mi zgzn`}ohk myki hkmi aybokiypiTlkhbki mi zgzn`}ohk myki hkmi tzhezippowi pyz yki `ywi n hkmi

TLKHBKI MI MOGGZN@]OHKTnznb}zip mhk} mtikm ai tlkhbki mi moggzn`}ohk}ymi mi an moggzn`}ohk ik aybozi bhkh`lzhbn}o~yi@np mip hkmip phkhzip@hk`aypohk

MOPTIZPOHKBoaoiy moptizpogMoptizpohk mi an aybozi tnz yk tzopbiMoptizpohk m%yki hkmi b`nko~yiTzhtzo}p m%yk boaoiy moptizpogBoaoiy khk moptizpog


4/31

ZIGAI\OHKI|tzoik`i 6

Zgai|ohk myki hkmi tzhezippowi ~yo pi tzhtnei ai ahke myki `hzmi mhk}

ai|}zbo} ip} go|i


5/31

^ynkm ahkmi n}}iok} ai|}zbo} go|i mi an `hzmi! iaai ziwoik} ik nzzozi bnopokwizpi+ Ahkmi ip} zga`loi ny kowiny myk hjp}n ai go|i+

^ynkm ahkmi nzzowi nwi` yk nkeai mokòmikì pyz yk hjp}n ai zga`loppnk}

iaai ip} zga`loi mnkp yki mozi`}ohk }ia ~yi ankeai mokòmikì ip} ena nankeai mi zgai|ohk +


6/31

Ahop mi an zgai|ohk

>izi aho mi Mip`nz}ip

Ai znhk zga`lo ip} `hk}iky mnkp ai bbi tank `hk}ik}ik} ai znhk okòmik}i} an khzbnai ny tank mi ai pyzgnì zga`loppnk}i+ @i tank pnttiaai tank

mokòmikì+:ibi aho mi Mip`nz}ip

Ankeai mi zgai|ohk ip} ena ankeai mokòmikì


7/31

Zgzn`}ohk

Tlkhbki mi zgzn`}ohk myki hkmi aybokiypi

Hk hjpizwi ai tlkhbki mi zgzn`}ohk ahzp~yi ahkmi tnppi myk boaoiy ykny}zi `i tnppnei pn``hbtneki myk `lnkeibik} mi an mozi`}ohk mi

tzhtnen}ohk! mi an ahkeyiyz mhkmi i} mi an `azo} mi tzhtnen}ohk+


8/31

Tlkhbki mi zgzn`}ohk myki hkmi tzhezippowi pyz yki `ywi n hkmi


9/31

An zgzn`}ohk pn``hbtneki }hyfhyzp myk `lnkeibik} mi ahkeyiyz mhkmipnkp `lnkeibik} mi gz~yik`i myk `lnkeibik} mi ahkeyiyz mhkmi i} myk

`lnkeibik} mi mozi`}ohk mi tzhtnen}ohk

Po ahkmi tnppi myk boaoiy > yk boaoiy : hk n 6


10/31

Tlkhbki mi moggzn`}ohk

Ahzp~y%yki hkmi tzhezippowi pokyphmnai zik`hk}zi yki hywiz}yzi hy ykhjp}n ai mi ti}o}i }noaai! pn tzhtnen}ohk ip} bhmogoi6 a%hkmi ip} mghzbi+ @i

tlkhbki pnttiaai tlkhbki mi moggzn`}ohk+An moggzn`}ohk mi a%hkmi ip} m%ny}nk} tayp bnz~yi ~yi aip mobikpohkp mia%hywiz}yzi hy mi a%hjp}n`ai phk} ti}o}ip+


11/31

Mnkp yki `ywi hkmip! hk ok}izthpi yk hjp}nài tiz` m%yki ti}o}ihywiz}yzi pyz ai }znfi} m%yki hkmi tanki pokyphmnai 6

ìaai"ò mhkki nahzp knoppnkì yki hkmi òz`yanozi ntzp ahywiz}yzi+ Hk`hkp}n}i ~yi an ahkeyiyz m%hkmi ip} omik}o~yi nwnk} i} ntzp a%hywiz}yzi+

A%hywiz}yzi pi `hbthz}i mhk` `hbbiyki phyzì m%hkmip thk`}yiaai mibbi gz~yikì ~yi an phyzì oko}onai 6

`%ip} ai tlkhbki mi moggzn`}ohk+


12/31

Yki hywiz}yzi hy yk hjp}nài ok}izthpp pyz ai }znfi} m%yki hkmi tankipokyphmnai pi `hbthz}ik} `hbbi mip phyzìp pi`hkmnozip mi bbi

gz~yikì ~yi an phyzì tzobnozi `znk} a%hkmi 6 `%ip} ai tlkhbki mimoggzn`}ohk+

Tnznb}zip mhk} mtikm ai tlkhbki mi moggzn`}ohk 6

Po a%hywiz}yzi n ip} mi anzeiyz okgzoiyzi ! iaai pi `hbthz}i `hbbi ykiphyzì thk`}yiaai+


13/31

Po a%hywiz}yzi n ;; ! yki hkmi zi`}oaoeki nzzownk} pyz a%hywiz}yzi ip} }zp tiynggi`}i tnz ìaai"ò+

Nokpo! yki hkmi zi`}oaoeki an pyzgnì m%yk ao~yomi tiy} miwikoz òz`yanozintzp nwhoz } moggzn`}i+


14/31

Ai tlkhbki mi moggzn`}ohk mtikm mip mobikpohkp mi a%hywiz}yzi hy mia%hjp}nài moggzn`}nk} i} mi an ahkeyiyz mhkmi

Po hk kh}i n an anzeiyz mi a%hywiz}yzi hy mi a%hjp}nài! ai tlkhbki mi

moggzn`}ohk mtikm mi an wnaiyz mi n i} mi h a ip} an ahkeyiyz m%hkmi mia%hkmi tzhezippowi pokyphmnai+

Po n 11 ! hk nppop}i yki ztnz}o}ohk moggzik}i mi a%hkmi mnkp ai boaoiy mitzhtnen}ohk+ Ahkmi ip} moggzn`}i+ Iaai ip} `hk}ikyi mnkp yk }zonkeai mhk} ai

phbbi} ip} ai ìk}zi mi a%hywiz}yzi }ia ~yi 6

pok 2 (n a%i|}zoiyz mi ì }zonkeai pi }zhywi yki vhki h oa k% n tnp mi tiz}yzjn}ohk6a%nbtao}ymi mi a%hkmi ip} kyaai+


15/31




Po a%hywiz}yzi n ip} mi anzeiyz okgzoiyzi a! iaai pi `hbthz}i `hbbi yki

phyz`i thk`}yiaai+


16/31

Okgayikì mip tnznb}zip

Ahzp mi an moggzn`}ohk tnz yki gik}i ik aybozi bhkh`lzhbn}o~yi! miy|tnznb}zip tiywik} okgayiz n tzohzo pyz Ai tlkhbki hjpizw 6

" an anzeiyz n mi an gik}i 3

" an ahkeyiyz m%hkmi ! mi an aybozi okòmik}i+I|tzoikì 6

Moggzn`}ohk tnz yki gik}i ik aybozi bhkh`lzhbn}o~yi

Mozoeiz Ai gnopìny m%yk anpiz zhyei wizp yk `znk po}y ikwozhk miy| b}zip+

Bnkotyaiz ai anpiz nwi` aip tayp eznkmip tz`ny}ohkp 6 yk gnopìny anpiz ~yotk}zi mnkp a%oa tiy} `nypiz mi eznwip mhbbneip an z}oki+


17/31

"Ok}izthpiz ~yia~yip ìk}ob}zip my anpiz! ik}zi ìayo"ò i} a%`znk! yki

tan~yi htn~yi tizì m%yki gik}i goki wiz}o nai mi anzeiyz n

"Zibtanìz an gik}i mi anzeiyz n tnz yki gik}i mi anzeiyz n% tayp ti}o}i

" Zibtanìz ai gnopìny anpiz zhyei tnz yk gnopìny anpiz jaiy


18/31

Hjpizwn}ohk

Thyz yk gnopìny mi aybozi zhyei! an }n`li ìk}znai p%anzeo} ahzp~yi ananzeiyz n mi an gik}i mobokyi+

Ahzp~y%hk `lnkei an phyz i! an }n`li ìk}znai ip} tayp }zho}i nwi` ai gnopìnymi aybozi jaiyi ~y%nwi` ai gnopìny mi aybozi zhyei+

^ynkm an mobikpohk mi a%hjfi} moggzn`}nk} mobokyi! aip iggi}p my tlkhbkimi moggzn`}ohk nyebik}ik}+

^ynkm an ahkeyiyz m%hkmi mi an aybozi okòmik}i mobokyi! aip iggi}p mytlkhbki mi moggzn`}ohk mobokyik}+


19/31

Mgoko}ohk mi a%`nz} nkeyanozi

Ahzp m%yki i|tzoikì mi moggzn`}ohk nwi`yki gik}i! hk kh}i G ai boaoiy mi an gik}i!4 ai ìk}zi mi an goeyzi mi moggzn`}ohk pyza%`znk i} B ai boaoiy my tziboiz ok}izwnaaihjp`yz+

A%nkeai HGB ! kh} ip} ankeai phyp ai~yia ip} wyi an bho}o mi an }n`liìk}znai mityop a%hjfi} moggzn`}nk} 6

`nz} nkeyanozi ik znmonk ,znm/

ahkeyiyz m%hkmi ik b}zi ,b/

n mobikpohk mi a%hjfi} moggzn`}nk} ik b}zi ,b/+

Zibnz~yi 6 a%`nz} nkeyanozi ip} yk ti}o} nkeai+


20/31

An zian}ohk `zo}i ip} joik `hkghzbi an `hkàypohk mip i|tzoikìp

An anzeiyz mi an }n`li ìk}znai mi moggzn`}ohk mtikm mi an wnaiyz mi a`nz}

nkeyanozi i} mi an mop}nkì M mi a`znk ahjfi} moggzn`}nk}

nwi` }nk 2 ,ik znm/ `nz ip} yk ti}o} nkeai+


21/31

@np mip hkmip phkhzip

^ynkm hk ok}izthpi yk `znk! tiz` m%yki gik}i G mi ìk}zi 4 i} mi anzeiyz n!ik}zi yk bi}}iyz ,kh} I/ i} yk zìt}iyz ya}znphkhzip+ Ik mtannk} aizìt}iyz! hk `hkp}n}i ~yi a%nbtao}ymi mi a%hkmi ya}znphkhzi `nt}i wnzoipyownk} pn thpo}ohk+ Po hk mtanì ai zìt}iyz ik ai bnok}iknk} mop}nkì`hkp}nk}i mi 4! a%nbtao}ymi mi a%hkmi m`zh} fyp~y% yk bokobyb ~ynpo kyathyz yk nkeai ~ }ia ~yi pok 2 (n+


22/31

@hkàypohk

Aip tlkhbkip mi moggzn`}ohk m`zo}p ò"mippyp phk} `nzn`}zop}o~yip miphkmip pokyphmnaip mi gz~yikì mhkki+ ]hy} tlkhbki tlpo~yi thyzai~yia hk hjpizwizno} yk tlkhbki mi moggzn`}ohk tiy} }zi `hkpomz`hbbi hkmyan}hozi+


23/31

Moptizpohk

Boaoiy moptizpog

Po an àzo} m%yki hkmi tzhezippowi pokyphmnai mnkp yk boaoiy mhkk

mtikm mi an gz~yikì obthpi tnz an phyzì! nahzp ai boaoiy ip} mo} moptizpog+Po ai boaoiy mi tzhtnen}ohk k%ip} tnp moptizpog! an àzo} m%yki hkmi kimtikm ~yi mip tzhtzo}p mi ì boaoiy+

Moptizpohk mi an aybozi tnz yk tzopbi

Ahzp~yyk gnopìny mi aybozi jank`li }znwizpi yk tzopbi phyp yki okòmikì

`hkwiknjai! ai gnopìny wohai} ip} ai tayp mwoi i} ai gnopìny zhyei ip} ai bhopmwo! hk hjpizwi yk pti`}zi `hk}okyi+


24/31

]hyp aip boaoiy| }znkptnzik}p phk} moptizpogp pnyg ai womi

Yki aybozi bhkh`lzhbn}o~yi mi `hyaiyz o , fnyki ! jaiy ! wiz}!/

i} `nzn`}zopi tnz yki gz~yikì o pi tzhtneink} mnkp yk boaoiy}znkptnzik} f, noz ! wizzi !iny / nwi` yki àzo} wo!f i} pn ahkeyiyz mhkmimnkp ì boaoiy ip} kh}i o!f }iap ~yi+

Thyz yki aybozi bhkh`lzhbn}o~yi mi gz~yikì o, `hyaiyz o/ aokmoìnjphay mi zgzn`}ohk myk boaoiy f thyz an aybozi o mi gz~yikì o ip}mhkki tnz an zian}ohk

h ` ip} an àzo} mi an aybozi mnkp ai womi `2 0+>4


25/31

Moptizpohk m%yki hkmi b`nko~yi

}ymi i|tzobik}nai

Y}oaopiz yki `ywi hkmip mhk} ai wojziyz ip}

yki thok}i+ Gnozi wnzoiz an gz~yikì my wojziyz+ Thyz

`ln~yi wnaiyz! obbhjoaopiz an goeyzi hj}ikyi

nwi` yk p}zhjhp`hti+

Bipyziz an mop}nkì ik}zi miy| aoekip m%hkmi py`ìppowip+ ,A%hkmi }nk}pokyphmnai! `%ip} an ahkeyiyz m%hkmi /

@na`yahkp n àzo} W mi tzhtnen}ohk mip hkmip pyz an kntti my ao~yomi+

Bipyzip i} hjpizwn}ohk

K,Lv/ :4 :9 04 09 ,`b/ > 4!? 4!< 4!5

W ,b+p">/ 4!:4 4!:0 4!:= 4!:9


26/31

Hk `hkp}n}i ~yi ahzp~yi an gz~yikì K mi a%hkmi nyebik}i! an ahkeyiyzm%hkmi mobokyi i} an àzo} W nyebik}i+

Mnkp an `ywi hkmip! an àzo} m%yki hkmi pokyphmnai mtikm mi pngz~yikì 6 hk mo} ~yi a%iny ip} yk boaoiy moptizpog+ Ainy ip} boaoiy moptizpogthyz aip hkmip b`nko~yip

Yk boaoiy bn}zoia ip} moptizpog ahzp~yi an àzo} m%yki hkmi pokyphmnai iktzhtnen}ohk mnkp ì boaoiy mtikm mi pn gz~yikì+

Tzhtzo}p m%yk boaoiy moptizpog

Mnkp yk bbi boaoiy moptizpog! miy| hkmip pokyphmnaip mi gz~yikìpmoggzik}ip pi tzhtneik} mip àzo}p moggzik}ip+ Po ìp miy| hkmip phk}`zip ny bbi ikmzho}! a%hkmi zpya}nk} mi aiyz phbbi pi mghzbi ny `hyzp

mi an tzhtnen}ohk+Yki hkmi `hbtziknk} taypoiyzp `hbthpnk}ip pokyphmnaip pi mghzbi ny`hyzp mi pn tzhtnen}ohk mnkp yk boaoiy moptizpog+


27/31

Boaoiy khk moptizpog

Po an àzo} m%yki hkmi pokyphmnai ip} okmtikmnk}i mi pn gz~yikì! ai

boaoiy ip} khk moptizpog 6 }hy}ip aip hkmip pokyphmnaip p% mtanìk} anbbi àzo}+ Yki hkmi zpya}nk} mi an phbbi mi taypoiyzp hkmippokyphmnaip mi gz~yikìp moggzik}ip ki pi mghzbi tnp mnkp yk }ia boaoiy+

I|ibtai 6 n`hyp}o~yi bypo`nai

A%noz ip} yk boaoiy khk moptizpog thyz aip hkmip phkhzip! ~yo pi tzhtneik} anbbi àzo}+ Ahzp~y%hk `hy}i mi an bypo~yi! aip jnppip gz~yikìp i} aiplny}ip gz~yikìp tnzwoikkik} ,liyziypibik}/ ik bbi }ibtp a%hzioaai+,@itikmnk}! ì tlkhbki k%ip} tayp wzno thyz aip }zp lny}ip gz~yikìp/+


28/31





phyz`i thk`}yiaai+


29/31





phyz`i thk`}yiaai+


30/31





phyz`i thk`}yiaai+


31/31





phyz`i thk`}yiaai+

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Physique - chap 7 - COURS Diffraction des Ondes Progressives Sinusoïdale