BOOK REVIEWS 1009

kidney in the 24 experimental dogs was ac-complished by clamping the retinal artery with Goldblatt's silver forceps.

The author states the following conclu-sions: Of all the ocular changes in benign experimental hypertension of the dog, the first and most constant is superficial edema of the retina. This is chiefly located in the tapetum nigrum and was most frequently evident in those retinal areas traversed by the large vessels. Even in the incipient edemas, the light bundle of the slitlamp showed slight elevation of the internal limit-ing membrane of the retina. As the edema became more intense, the retina lost its trans-parency and became grayish white. These appearances were confirmed in microscopic sections. In the benign experimental stage there was also accentuation of the median reflexes of the retinal arteries, with sheathing of the vessels and compression at the arterio-venous crossings. Changes encountered in malignant experimental hypertension in^ eluded one instance of intense intraocular hemorrhage, white patches with fluffy margins, papillary edema, and marked lateral tortuosity of, the retinal arteries. (List of 72 references.)

W. H. Crisp.

RÉPERCUSSIONS SUR L'ENFANT DES MALADIES

INFECTIEUSES DE LA MÈRE PENDANT LA

GROSSESSE. By F. Bamatter. Basel and New York. S. Karger, 1949. 60 pages, 24 figures. Price, 7.50 francs. In this excellent monograph the author dis-

cusses, in general, the exogenous factor in the fetal dysgeneses and the placental trans-mission of maternal infections. A full-page table lists the bacteria, viruses, protozoans, and helminthes, the placental transmission of which has been demonstrated in man and in animals.

After a very brief statement of the known facts of the transmission of syphilis, tuber-culosis, infectious icterus, paratyphus, and malaria, monographic treatment is accorded

toxoplasmosis and the embryopathy of ru-bella.

A tabulation makes all the important clini-cal and pathologic data perspicuous. Excel-lent halftones illustrate the monograph, two of which are particularly illuminating. In one, the sites of localization of toxoplasmosis are indicated on a drawing of a fetus to-gether with brief statements on mode of in-fection. In the other the tissues which may be jnjured by maternal rubella are indicated on a model of a 4-mm. (one-month) human fetus.

F. H. Haessler.

BULLETIN SOCIΙTΙ BELGE D'OPHTALMO-LOGIE. Number 89, 1948. In the minutes of the meeting of June 20,

1948, is a discussion of the eye signs preced-ing death. In speaking of retrobulbar injec-tion, one author says that he uses a 5-cm. needle and injects 1.5 cc. of novocain-adrena-lin (4 percent) solution.

Van Lint discusses the role of pressure on the globe in intracapsular cataract extrac-tion and explains his technique which in-cludes a conjunctival flap, keratome and scissors section, total iridectomy, and re-moval of the lens by suction, coupled with pressure from below toward the center of the globe with an Arruga expressor.

A case of total ossification of the choroid following an injury 60 years before is pre-sented.

Of the two instruments discussed, one is for the removal of foreign bodies from the cornea and the other is a shadow-casting de-vice to be used with the biomicroscope.

Among the case reports are a case of parenchymatous keratitis with keratoplasty resulting in a final vision of 0.1 ; two cases of Groenouw's disease of the cornea; and one of hypercalcemia and corneal calcifica-tions.

Ophthalmoscopic manifestations of myas-thenia gravis are discussed, and photographs