Conférence-Bilbao-janvier 2012

8/3/2019 Confrence-Bilbao-janvier 2012

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The family and transnational networks ofThe family and transnational networks of

three refugee women's generations inthree refugee women's generations inQuebecQuebecLas redes familiares y transnacionales de tresLas redes familiares y transnacionales de tres

generaciones de mujeres refugiadas en Canadgeneraciones de mujeres refugiadas en Canad

Michle Vatz LaaroussiMichle Vatz Laaroussi

Universit de Sherbrooke, CanadUniversit de Sherbrooke, Canad


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The purposes of the presentationThe purposes of the presentation

To share the reflection and the analysis about the roles ofTo share the reflection and the analysis about the roles oftransnational and family networks for refugee women.transnational and family networks for refugee women.

To talk about methodology to lead investigations with familyTo talk about methodology to lead investigations with familyand transnational networksand transnational networks

To identify the knowledge transmitted and constructed byTo identify the knowledge transmitted and constructed bydifferent refugee women generations about care anddifferent refugee women generations about care anddevelopment.development.

To understand the strategies of care for refugee women ofTo understand the strategies of care for refugee women of

different generations and from diverse countries of origin.different generations and from diverse countries of origin. To analyse the care in the two senses: the self care and the careTo analyse the care in the two senses: the self care and the care

of others.of others.


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The investigationThe investigation

A qualitative investigation about mutual aid, transmission andA qualitative investigation about mutual aid, transmission andcoco--construction of knowledge for three generations refugeeconstruction of knowledge for three generations refugeewomen in Quebec, French part of Canada.women in Quebec, French part of Canada.

Themes: the care (for the elderly and the children, for theThemes: the care (for the elderly and the children, for thefamily members, for oneself and for the others), school andfamily members, for oneself and for the others), school andwork, language learning, relations between women and men,work, language learning, relations between women and men,relations between generations, integration and adaptation torelations between generations, integration and adaptation tounknown situations.unknown situations.

These three generations are living in the same housing or veryThese three generations are living in the same housing or veryclosely.closely.


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MethodologyMethodology

Intercultural focus groups with each generation:Intercultural focus groups with each generation:grandmothers, mothers and daughters (8)grandmothers, mothers and daughters (8)

Focus groups with professionals of health and welfareFocus groups with professionals of health and welfare

organisations (2) and of education (1)organisations (2) and of education (1) Interviews with family intergenerational trios:Interviews with family intergenerational trios:

grandmother, mother and daughtergrandmother, mother and daughter of 18 and moreof 18 and moreyears old (30 trios)years old (30 trios)

One semiOne semi--structured interview with each woman ofstructured interview with each woman ofthe trio and one interview with the three women ofthe trio and one interview with the three women ofthe trio together.the trio together.


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The triosThe trios

They are living in different regions of Quebec: Sherbrooke, Qubec,They are living in different regions of Quebec: Sherbrooke, Qubec,Joliette and Montreal.Joliette and Montreal.

They are public refugees so they have obtained the refugee visa in theirThey are public refugees so they have obtained the refugee visa in theircountry of origin or in refugee camps.country of origin or in refugee camps.

8 trios are coming from Colombia8 trios are coming from Colombia 5 from other south American countries (Salvador, Peru)5 from other south American countries (Salvador, Peru) 8 are coming from the region of Grands Lacs in Africa (Rwanda, Burundi,8 are coming from the region of Grands Lacs in Africa (Rwanda, Burundi,

Rpublique dmocratique du Congo)Rpublique dmocratique du Congo) 6 are coming from Ex6 are coming from Ex--Yugoslavia (Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia).Yugoslavia (Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia). 3 others are from new waves of refugees who are arriving actually in3 others are from new waves of refugees who are arriving actually in

Quebec: Iraq, Afghanistan and Bhoutan.Quebec: Iraq, Afghanistan and Bhoutan. They have arrived since less than 15 years.They have arrived since less than 15 years.


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Methodological issues for investigations with familyMethodological issues for investigations with family

and immigrant networksand immigrant networks

Characteristics of the team of research: multicultural,Characteristics of the team of research: multicultural,multilingual, multigenerational. Composed of seniormultilingual, multigenerational. Composed of seniorresearchers, of junior students and of practitioners inresearchers, of junior students and of practitioners incommunity groups. Here with women, specifically women.community groups. Here with women, specifically women.

Proximity, engagement, intercultural listening, interest andProximity, engagement, intercultural listening, interest andcreativity.creativity.

Intercultural analysis of focus groups and interviews: debate,Intercultural analysis of focus groups and interviews: debate,confrontation of interpretations, of cultural and theoreticalconfrontation of interpretations, of cultural and theoreticalframes, of languages contextualization etcframes, of languages contextualization etc

Egalitarian structure in the team of research as with theEgalitarian structure in the team of research as with theinterviewed women: feminist and antiracist theories.interviewed women: feminist and antiracist theories.


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Methodology and creativityMethodology and creativity

To use new and creative strategies during the interviews ( theTo use new and creative strategies during the interviews ( themap of networks, the trajectory of life, the critical incidents,map of networks, the trajectory of life, the critical incidents,the objects of transmission, to take and to give photos to thethe objects of transmission, to take and to give photos to theinterviewed women)interviewed women)

To use new strategies to recruit trios or networks (aTo use new strategies to recruit trios or networks (anetworking recruitment)networking recruitment) To use new and illustrative methods for the analysis (photos,To use new and illustrative methods for the analysis (photos,

movies, discussions, schemas, visual material)movies, discussions, schemas, visual material) To use and create new and original modalities to transfer theTo use and create new and original modalities to transfer the

issues of the research (movies, videos, WEB: to use Skype, toissues of the research (movies, videos, WEB: to use Skype, tobuild blogs, public events as forums, expositions etc.)build blogs, public events as forums, expositions etc.)


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Intergenerational trajectory: a tool of analysisIntergenerational trajectory: a tool of analysis

Grand mre

Mre

Fille

Dates darriveDplacementsvnements

Ce quonveuttransmettre

Ce quon produitRseaux


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The transmissions and constructionsThe transmissions and constructions

Different trajectories which have impact on theDifferent trajectories which have impact on thetransmissions.transmissions.

Do the three generations arrive together orDo the three generations arrive together or

separately?separately? Did they have forced mobility before coming toDid they have forced mobility before coming to

Canada?Canada? Who arrives first and for which reasons?Who arrives first and for which reasons? Who learns first the French language?Who learns first the French language? Which is the professional integration of everyWhich is the professional integration of every

woman?woman? Are these women alone or with husband when theyAre these women alone or with husband when they

arrive?arrive?


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Three different casesThree different casesGrouped arrivalGrouped arrival

The three generations arrive together after a common mobility beforeThe three generations arrive together after a common mobility beforecoming to Quebec. They have the refugee visa because their life and theircoming to Quebec. They have the refugee visa because their life and theirsafety (of the family) was threatened.safety (of the family) was threatened.

The case of certain Colombian women: they were living forced mobility inThe case of certain Colombian women: they were living forced mobility in

Colombia and many of them are widows. The husbands, fathers and sonsColombia and many of them are widows. The husbands, fathers and sonshave been killed in Colombia.have been killed in Colombia. The other case ofAfrican who were living in refugee camps during manyThe other case ofAfrican who were living in refugee camps during many

years. For most of them, they have been separated in camps and sometimesyears. For most of them, they have been separated in camps and sometimesthe family reunification is made on arrival in Quebec.the family reunification is made on arrival in Quebec.

The three generations are living the process of insertion together: going toThe three generations are living the process of insertion together: going to

school to learn the language, trying to understand the new society,school to learn the language, trying to understand the new society,discovering the resources of that society, discovering the courses for thediscovering the resources of that society, discovering the courses for theemploymentemployment


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Separate arrivals: one firstSeparate arrivals: one first

One generation arrives first and is settling, the othersOne generation arrives first and is settling, the otherswomen arrive after as family member with a specialwomen arrive after as family member with a specialprogram and visa. There is a form of dependence.program and visa. There is a form of dependence.The woman who arrived first is responsible ofThe woman who arrived first is responsible ofinsertion of the others and she also feels guilty andinsertion of the others and she also feels guilty and

responsible of their migration. It may be the motherresponsible of their migration. It may be the motheror the grandmother. Sometimes she is also widow.or the grandmother. Sometimes she is also widow. Case of certain Colombian women who areCase of certain Colombian women who are

threatened for their activity in Colombia:threatened for their activity in Colombia: activists foractivists forthe rights of the persons; lawyers for the missingthe rights of the persons; lawyers for the missing

persons; union activists persons; union activists Case ofAfrican women when the family reunificationCase ofAfrican women when the family reunification

happens after the arrival of the mother for example.happens after the arrival of the mother for example.


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The responsability of the othersThe responsability of the others

insertioninsertion Oui, jai appris parler franais dabord. Je suis retourne luniversit. aOui, jai appris parler franais dabord. Je suis retourne luniversit. a

ctait dure avec mon ge suivre le rythme des travaux. Quand tu veux fairectait dure avec mon ge suivre le rythme des travaux. Quand tu veux fairedes travaux de groupe, les jeunes refusent de travailler avec toi parce quedes travaux de groupe, les jeunes refusent de travailler avec toi parce quepour eux tu es moins intelligent cause de ton ge. Je nai pas baiss lespour eux tu es moins intelligent cause de ton ge. Je nai pas baiss les

bras.A

u contraire, jai travaill fort. Japprochais les immigrants pourbras.A

u contraire, jai travaill fort. Japprochais les immigrants pourtravailler avec eux. Je me suis battue comme toujours.travailler avec eux. Je me suis battue comme toujours.

On communiquait beaucoup avec ma belle fille quand elle est arrive avecOn communiquait beaucoup avec ma belle fille quand elle est arrive avecles enfants, il faut faire les dmarches, apprendre le franais. Jai aid unles enfants, il faut faire les dmarches, apprendre le franais. Jai aid unpeu pour faire les travaux. Trouver lappartement ici. Avec les petites, jepeu pour faire les travaux. Trouver lappartement ici. Avec les petites, jeles ai appris connaitre un peu le pays. On sest beaucoup promenes dansles ai appris connaitre un peu le pays. On sest beaucoup promenes dansla ville. Sans a, elles allaient beaucoup se perdre. Cest grand ici.la ville. Sans a, elles allaient beaucoup se perdre. Cest grand ici.

A grandmother from Colombia who arrived the first in Quebec city.A grandmother from Colombia who arrived the first in Quebec city.


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Separate arrivals: the grandmother lastlySeparate arrivals: the grandmother lastly

Two generations arrive together (mother andTwo generations arrive together (mother anddaughter) with the nuclear family. The grandmotherdaughter) with the nuclear family. The grandmotheris coming several years later as sponsored refugeeis coming several years later as sponsored refugeewith a commitment of the family to take care of herwith a commitment of the family to take care of her

in the different areas: economic, social, health Itsin the different areas: economic, social, health Itsa total dependence.a total dependence.

Case of exCase of ex--Yugoslavian women: the nuclear familyYugoslavian women: the nuclear familyarrived during the war and the grandmother is comingarrived during the war and the grandmother is cominglater because she is alone in the origin country orlater because she is alone in the origin country orbecause she is now widow.because she is now widow.


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The arrival of a grandmotherThe arrival of a grandmother

from exfrom ex--YugoslaviaYugoslavia Mon mari est mort et je suis reste toute seule dansMon mari est mort et je suis reste toute seule dansnotre pays. Mes enfants m'ont invite venir ici cheznotre pays. Mes enfants m'ont invite venir ici chezeux. Ils ont fait tous les documents ncessaires.eux. Ils ont fait tous les documents ncessaires.

Je ne connais pas quoi que ce soit au sujet du Qubec.Je ne connais pas quoi que ce soit au sujet du Qubec.J'ai regard sur la map o est le Qubec. Je n'ai pasJ'ai regard sur la map o est le Qubec. Je n'ai paspos de questionspos de questions ma ma fille. Je ne connaissaisfille. Je ne connaissaispersonne et je n'ai pas contact personne. Ctaitpersonne et je n'ai pas contact personne. Ctait

difficile pour moi quitter mon pays.difficile pour moi quitter mon pays.


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Issues about transmissionIssues about transmission

There is a form of linear transmission:There is a form of linear transmission:grandmothers towards the mothers and thegrandmothers towards the mothers and thedaughters.daughters.

But sometimes directly from grandmothers toBut sometimes directly from grandmothers togranddaughters.granddaughters.

Family story, anecdotes and mythicalFamily story, anecdotes and mythicalcharacters, music, songs, tales for children,characters, music, songs, tales for children,recipes, religious practices, national andrecipes, religious practices, national andcultural feasts, precious objects by their storycultural feasts, precious objects by their storyand in the family story.and in the family story.


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The transmission of objectsThe transmission of objects

Recuerdos tristes de un pasado alegreRecuerdos tristes de un pasado alegre


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TransmissionTransmission

The books to transmit the mothertongue to children


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Transmissions for careTransmissions for care

Linear transmission: for special events or periods, theLinear transmission: for special events or periods, thedelivery and the period after the delivery, for the newdelivery and the period after the delivery, for the newmother and for the baby.mother and for the baby.

During periods of disease and during the deaths:During periods of disease and during the deaths:

practices, funeral, religious and cultural rites.practices, funeral, religious and cultural rites. Importance of the grandmother as link with the originImportance of the grandmother as link with the origin

country and the family network during these periods.country and the family network during these periods.

The transmission is circulation of information,The transmission is circulation of information,knowledge and practices, up to bottom but also fromknowledge and practices, up to bottom but also fromhere to there.here to there.


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A grandmother from Colombia: the supportA grandmother from Colombia: the support

of the network during sad periodsof the network during sad periods

Trois mois aprs de notre arrive au Canada nousTrois mois aprs de notre arrive au Canada nousavons connu la terrible nouvelle quun de mes filsavons connu la terrible nouvelle quun de mes filsavait tait tu par la gurilla en Colombie; jai vouluavait tait tu par la gurilla en Colombie; jai voulume frapper avec les murs du dsespoir et comme jeme frapper avec les murs du dsespoir et comme je

viens de dire, de la douleur Cest du soutienviens de dire, de la douleur Cest du soutiensurtout, que nous avons eu de la part dun cerclesurtout, que nous avons eu de la part dun cercledamis colombiens trs proche, ces personnes nousdamis colombiens trs proche, ces personnes nousont accompagnes pour prier, pour nous donner duont accompagnes pour prier, pour nous donner du

soutien. Nous avons beaucoup apprci ses gestessoutien. Nous avons beaucoup apprci ses gestes

damiti et solidarit.damiti et solidarit. (Grand (Grand--mre colombienne)mre colombienne)


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New strategies and constructionNew strategies and construction

Autonomy and intergenerational shareAutonomy and intergenerational share

Ici, cest plus facile vieillir. Ici, nous pouvons profiter. Nous pouvonsIci, cest plus facile vieillir. Ici, nous pouvons profiter. Nous pouvonsnous reposer, nous promener, pour faire diverses activits. Ici, cestnous reposer, nous promener, pour faire diverses activits. Ici, cestbeaucoup mieux pour les personnes ges que chez nous.beaucoup mieux pour les personnes ges que chez nous. (grandmother (grandmotherof Exof Ex--Yugoslavia).Yugoslavia).

Some grandmothers are living alone in Quebec in one apartment for theSome grandmothers are living alone in Quebec in one apartment for thefirst time: the apartments are too small for several persons and they mustfirst time: the apartments are too small for several persons and they musthave their ownhave their own housing to benefit from social welfare allowanceshousing to benefit from social welfare allowances. They. Theyapreciate that new autonomy and they explain that they feel free But theyapreciate that new autonomy and they explain that they feel free But theycontinue to organize parties to gether the family: during these parties, theycontinue to organize parties to gether the family: during these parties, theytransmit and share recipes, dance, music They associate a new form oftransmit and share recipes, dance, music They associate a new form ofautonomy and of transmissionautonomy and of transmission

But for other grandmothers there is a great dependance because of theBut for other grandmothers there is a great dependance because of thelanguage and because of the misundestanding of the culture and of thelanguage and because of the misundestanding of the culture and of theresources of the society. Importance of the granddaughters.resources of the society. Importance of the granddaughters.


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New intergenerational practicesNew intergenerational practices

for grandmothersfor grandmothers Take care of oneself for the grandmothers:Take care of oneself for the grandmothers: paypay

attention on the good food, make of the physicalattention on the good food, make of the physicalactivity, stop smoking, participate in communityactivity, stop smoking, participate in community

activities, insure her own social participationactivities, insure her own social participation Take care of the granddaughter when theTake care of the granddaughter when the

grandmother has not educated her own daughtergrandmother has not educated her own daughter(because of the help of the domestics or of the(because of the help of the domestics or of thewidened family: mother, sisters)widened family: mother, sisters)


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New intergenerational learnings fromNew intergenerational learnings from

granddaughters to grandmothersgranddaughters to grandmothers

Take care of the grandmother for theTake care of the grandmother for thegranddaughter:granddaughter: accompany her at the doctor's,accompany her at the doctor's,go shopping.go shopping.

Help her learning FrenchHelp her learning French Help her learning SkypeHelp her learning Skype

Accompany her for transnational contactsAccompany her for transnational contacts

(with Skype, for travels in origin country,)(with Skype, for travels in origin country,) Help her to find friends, even one boyfriend onHelp her to find friends, even one boyfriend on

WebWeb


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The roles of the mothersThe roles of the mothers Not usual role of transmission and care between grandmotherNot usual role of transmission and care between grandmother

and granddaughter.and granddaughter.

Role of social and economic integration of the familyRole of social and economic integration of the family

Supplier for the family and the three generationsSupplier for the family and the three generations

For several, they have skills for the care and they invest it inFor several, they have skills for the care and they invest it intheir jobs with persons out of the family: they do trainingtheir jobs with persons out of the family: they do trainingcourses of adaptation and they are nurses aides in hospitals orcourses of adaptation and they are nurses aides in hospitals orat home with elderly. For many others they areat home with elderly. For many others they are educators ofeducators of

young children in day nurseries.young children in day nurseries. Finally others are reinvesting their skills in community groupsFinally others are reinvesting their skills in community groups

with women, elderly or victims of violence for example.with women, elderly or victims of violence for example.


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Strategies of care byStrategies of care by

intergenerational alliancesintergenerational alliances GrandmothersGrandmothers--granddaughters: the daily care and thegranddaughters: the daily care and the

mutual learnings. The acceleration of the transmissionmutual learnings. The acceleration of the transmissionand of the coand of the co--production of new practices.production of new practices. The careThe care

as value and solidarity.as value and solidarity. GrandmothersGrandmothers--mothers: the mutual help and themothers: the mutual help and the

economic support.economic support. The care as financial investmentThe care as financial investment(support and constraint).(support and constraint).

MothersMothers--daughters: the learnings of the social anddaughters: the learnings of the social andeconomic integration. The coeconomic integration. The co--production of strategiesproduction of strategiesof integration.of integration. The care as skill.The care as skill.


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Conclusion: from trio toConclusion: from trio to

transnational networktransnational network New definitions of the care in these family refugee situations.New definitions of the care in these family refugee situations.

These new definitions and meanings are transmitted throughThese new definitions and meanings are transmitted throughthe family transnational networks and may have impact in thethe family transnational networks and may have impact in the

origin country.origin country. New meanings of intergenerational transmission andNew meanings of intergenerational transmission and

relationships.relationships.

New possibilities of alliancesNew possibilities of alliances

New choicesNew choices New visions of the migration and the roles of the women.New visions of the migration and the roles of the women.


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RsumRsum

Les rseaux transnationaux des familles immigrantes et rfugies jouent des rles de soutien,Les rseaux transnationaux des familles immigrantes et rfugies jouent des rles de soutien,dentraide et dinformation tant auprs de leurs membres dans les pays dimmigrationdentraide et dinformation tant auprs de leurs membres dans les pays dimmigrationquauprs de ceux qui sont rests dans les pays de dpart. partir de recherches menes surquauprs de ceux qui sont rests dans les pays de dpart. partir de recherches menes sur

plusieurs gnrations de femmes rfugies au Qubec et provenant de Colombie, Salvador, deplusieurs gnrations de femmes rfugies au Qubec et provenant de Colombie, Salvador, delAfrique des Grands Lacs et dex Yougoslavie, nous nous intresserons plus spcifiquementlAfrique des Grands Lacs et dex Yougoslavie, nous nous intresserons plus spcifiquement trois points trois points ::

1) la mthodologie interculturelle mettre en uvre pour accder ces rseaux, les analyser1) la mthodologie interculturelle mettre en uvre pour accder ces rseaux, les analyser

et leur transmettre le fruit des recherches;et leur transmettre le fruit des recherches; 2) lanalyse des savoirs transmis et co2) lanalyse des savoirs transmis et co--construits au sein de ces rseaux entre les diffrentesconstruits au sein de ces rseaux entre les diffrentes

gnrations de femmes rfugies et ce de manire locale et transnationale. Nous identifieronsgnrations de femmes rfugies et ce de manire locale et transnationale. Nous identifieronsplus spcifiquement ces savoirs sur le plan de la sant et du dveloppement des femmes.plus spcifiquement ces savoirs sur le plan de la sant et du dveloppement des femmes.

3) le portrait des stratgies de soin des femmes rfugies selon leur pays dorigine et les3) le portrait des stratgies de soin des femmes rfugies selon leur pays dorigine et lesrseaux transnationaux qui sy dploient mais aussi selon les types de changement social etrseaux transnationaux qui sy dploient mais aussi selon les types de changement social etculturel quelles construisent tant dans le pays daccueil que dans le pays de dpart. Nousculturel quelles construisent tant dans le pays daccueil que dans le pays de dpart. Nousrfrerons autant au soin delles mmes quau soin des membres de leur famille ici et l bas.rfrerons autant au soin delles mmes quau soin des membres de leur famille ici et l bas.

Nous conclurons sur limportance dune rflexion transnationale pour mieux saisir lesNous conclurons sur limportance dune rflexion transnationale pour mieux saisir leschangements intergnrationnels et pour soutenir rellement les femmes dans les actions dechangements intergnrationnels et pour soutenir rellement les femmes dans les actions desoins quelles mettent en uvre au quotidien.soins quelles mettent en uvre au quotidien.


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ResumenResumen

Las redes transnacionales de familias immigrantes y refugiadas juegan roles de apoyo, de ayuda y deLas redes transnacionales de familias immigrantes y refugiadas juegan roles de apoyo, de ayuda y deinformacin tanto para los miembros de la familia que estn en el pas de acogida que para los miembros deinformacin tanto para los miembros de la familia que estn en el pas de acogida que para los miembros dela familia que se quedaron en el pas de origen. A partir de investigaciones llevadas a cabo sobre variasla familia que se quedaron en el pas de origen. A partir de investigaciones llevadas a cabo sobre variasgeneraciones de mujeres refugiadas provenientes de Colombia, Salvador, de Grandes Lagos en Africa y degeneraciones de mujeres refugiadas provenientes de Colombia, Salvador, de Grandes Lagos en Africa y dela ExYougoslavia, y residentes actualmente en Quebec, nosotros nos interesamos principalmente a tresla ExYougoslavia, y residentes actualmente en Quebec, nosotros nos interesamos principalmente a tresaspectos:aspectos:

1)1) La metodologa intercultural a utilizar por acceder a estas redes, analizarlas y transmitirles el frutoLa metodologa intercultural a utilizar por acceder a estas redes, analizarlas y transmitirles el frutode la investigacin.de la investigacin.

2)2) EL anlisis de saberes transmitidos y coEL anlisis de saberes transmitidos y co--construidos en el seno de estas redes entre las diferentesconstruidos en el seno de estas redes entre las diferentesgeneraciones de mujeres refugiadas tanto de manera local que transnacional. Identificaremosgeneraciones de mujeres refugiadas tanto de manera local que transnacional. Identificaremosespecficamente los saberes sobre el rea de la salud y del desarrollo de las mujeres.especficamente los saberes sobre el rea de la salud y del desarrollo de las mujeres.

3)3) La estrategias de cuidado de las mujeres refugiadas segn su pas de origen y las redesLa estrategias de cuidado de las mujeres refugiadas segn su pas de origen y las redestransnacionales que se utilizan teniendo en cuenta tambin los tipos de cambios sociales y culturales quetransnacionales que se utilizan teniendo en cuenta tambin los tipos de cambios sociales y culturales queellas construyen tanto en el pas de de acogida como en el pas de origen. Haremos referencia tanto alellas construyen tanto en el pas de de acogida como en el pas de origen. Haremos referencia tanto alcuidado de ellas mismas que de los miembros de su familia aqu en Quebec y en sus pases.cuidado de ellas mismas que de los miembros de su familia aqu en Quebec y en sus pases.

Concluiremos remarcando la importancia de una reflexin transnacional para comprender y discernir mejorConcluiremos remarcando la importancia de una reflexin transnacional para comprender y discernir mejorlos cambios intergeneracionales y para apoyar realmente a las mujeres en las acciones de cuidados que ellaslos cambios intergeneracionales y para apoyar realmente a las mujeres en las acciones de cuidados que ellas

realizan en su vida cotidiana.realizan en su vida cotidiana.

Documents

Conférence-Bilbao-janvier 2012