Economie de La Connaissance_Sami_ELMINAOUI

  • Upload
    audacie

  • View
    215

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 8/2/2019 Economie de La Connaissance_Sami_ELMINAOUI

    1/10

    Fhibiojf ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf 1 ]lf ef lc hvluv}f ecbx lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu

    Flcmi} {c} 1

    FL OJBCIVJ Xcoj

    Ocxuf} JFXH vbjtf}xju eCb`f}x

    Flcmi} {c} 1 FL OJBCIVJ Xcoj

    OCXUF] = 1 Jbufllj`fbhf Fhibiojsvf fu Xu}cu jfx Hio{ujujtfx" Vbjtf}xju eCb`f}x

    F/ocjl 1 xcoj=3:Kgiuocjl"hio

    Cbbf vbjtf}xjucj}f 1 =;33/=3=

    Vbjtf}xju eCb`f}x

    Dchvlu ef E}iju, ehibiojf fu ef `fxujib

    Cbbf vbjtf}xjucj}f1 =;33

    =;3=

    U}ctcjl }fbe}f fbFhibiojf ef lc

    hibbcjxxcbhf

    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]
  • 8/2/2019 Economie de La Connaissance_Sami_ELMINAOUI

    2/10

    Fhibiojf ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf 1 ]lf ef lc hvluv}f ecbx lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu

    Jbu}ievhujib

    [iv} {ivtij} }{ibe}f hfu fwf}hjhf svj ufbuf ei{{ixf} efvw oielfx ef `fxujib xctij} 1 lf oielf co}jhcjb fu lf oielf oc`g}mjb '{lvx {}hjxofbu oc}ihcjb*, jl

    xf}cju i{{i}uvb ef xivlftf} lfx x{hjdjhjux }flcujtfx lcx{fhu hvluv}fl ef hgcsvf oielf

    fu svj aivf vb }lf {}{ibe}cbu ecbx lc edjbjujib efx ejdd}fbufx hibdj`v}cujibx

    ocbc`}jclfx" Xcbx {iv} cvucbu ivmljf} lf }lf ocafv} ev hibufwuf oibejcl ecbx lfsvfl

    xjbxh}ju lfbxfomlf efx {czx, hc}chu}jx evbf {c}u {c} lc `limcljxcujib efx hibiojfx fu

    ecvu}f {c}u {c} lf {cxxc`f vbf hibiojf ef {lvx fb {lvx joocu}jcljxf, svj bfxu cvu}f

    svf lhibiojf ev xctij} fu ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf"

    [iv} xf dcj}f, bivx cllibx fo{}vbuf} fb {c}ujf efx u}ctcvw ofbx ecbx lf eiocjbf ef lc

    xihjili`jf fu ev ocbc`fofbu jbuf}hvluv}fl, biucoofbu hfvw lcmi}x {c} @ff}u

    IDXUFEF '3:7=*, {iv} fxxczf} ef hf}bf} fu ec{{}gfbef} lc hvluv}f xivx xfx ejdd}fbufx

    ejofbxjibx cjbxj svf xib jbdlvfbhf xv} lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu, uivu fb fb fw{ljsvcbu

    xibu jbxf}ujib ecbx lc li`jsvf evbf hibbcjxxcbhf oibejcljxf"

    Ecbx vb {}fojf} cmi}e, bivx ufbuf}ibx ef ofuu}f fb lvoj}f lfx {}jbhj{clfx ejtf}`fbhfx

    fbu}f lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu co}jhcjb fu hflvj ev oibef oc`g}mjb 'oc}ihcjb* {iv}

    tij} hioofbu hfx oiefx }c`jxxfbu {iv} }{ibe}f vb oibef hc}chu}jx {c} vbf

    `limcljxcujib ef lhibiojf ev xctij}" [c}clllfofbu, bivx ofuu}ibx fb fwf}`vf

    ljo{i}ucbhf ef lc hvluv}f ecbx lc hibhf{ujib ev oielf ocbc`}jclf xvjtcbu hgchvbf efx

    li`jsvfx 'co}jhcjbf fu oc}ihcjbf*, fu ecbx ljbxf}ujib ecbx vbf hibiojf oibejcljxf"

    Fb xfhibe fu ef}bjf} {ijbu, bivx fxxczf}ibx ef tij} hioofbu lc hvluv}f oc`g}mjbf {fvu

    xcec{uf} fu tilvf} cv ojljfv evbf hibhv}}fbhf oibejclf"

    Flcmi} {c} 1 FL OJBCIVJ Xcoj

    OCXUF] = 1 Jbufllj`fbhf Fhibiojsvf fu Xu}cu jfx Hio{ujujtfx" Vbjtf}xju eCb`f}x

    F/ocjl 1 xcoj=3:Kgiuocjl"hio

    Cbbf vbjtf}xjucj}f 1 =;33/=3=

    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]
  • 8/2/2019 Economie de La Connaissance_Sami_ELMINAOUI

    3/10

    Fhibiojf ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf 1 ]lf ef lc hvluv}f ecbx lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu

    Hibufwuf fu fbtj}ibbfofbu oibejcl

    Lf hibxucu chuvfl fxu svf lfbtj}ibbfofbu jbuf}bcujibcl fxu eftfbv ef {lvx fb {lvx ivtf}ufu oibejcljx, }fbecbu hio{uf vbf hibhv}}fbhf chh}vf ev dcju ef llc}`jxxfofbu efx

    oc}hgx fu ef lcmiljujib efx d}ibuj}fx fbu}f lfx {czx {iv} hf svj fxu ef lc x{g}f

    hibiojsvf fu djbcbhj}f" Xcbx {iv} cvucbu ivmljf} fu lc oibuf fb {vjxxcbhf efx

    Ufhgbili`jfx ef lJbdi}ocujib fu ef lc Hioovbjhcujib 'UJH*, svj eftjfbbfbu cvaiv}egvj

    vbf {jf}}f cb`vlcj}f ecbx lf etfli{{fofbu efx hibiojfx oibejclfx" Dchf hfuuf

    xjuvcujib lf xctij} fu lc hibbcjxxcbhf eftjfbbfbu efx dchufv}x hlx ecbx vb oibef fb

    {f}{uvfllf tilvujib fu svj bhfxxjuf vbf }chujtju ef {lvx fb {lvx {ivxxf" Ex li}x,

    lfbxfomlf efx chufv}x 'DOB, Fucux, fbu}f{}jxfx, hillfhujtjux* xf tijfbu ecbx

    limlj`cujib ef aivf} lc hc}uf ef lc hio{ujujtju biucoofbu {c} lf mjcjx evbf dihcljxcujib

    xv} ljbdi}ocujib cjbxj svf xv} ef lc hibbcjxxcbhfx fu lf xctij}" Fb fddfu, li{ujsvf mcxf

    xv} lhibiojf ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf bf hibbcu {cx ef ljojufx 'ev oijbx {gzxjsvfx*, {lvx

    ib hibxioof lf ljbdi}ocujib fu lf xctij} {lvx ib fxu }chujd fu oof ef }{ibe}f vb

    oibef hc}chu}jx {c} vbf tjhjxxjuvef hibujbvf, fu hc}chu}jx cvxxj {c} efx ljojufx

    xivlftcbu fxxfbujfllfofbu efx {}imlocujsvfx hioof lf }fbhg}jxxfofbu efx {}jw efx

    ocuj}f {}foj}fx, lchhfbuvcujib ev {}imlof ef lc {illvujib iv mjfb fbhi}f efx ljojufx

    }flcujtfx cv dchufv} ufo{x ecbx ejdd}fbux xfhufv}x '{}ievhujib, xf}tjhfx, fuh"*" Lf xctij} fu

    lc hibbcjxxcbhf hibd}fbu lfv} eufbufv} vb {ivtij} fu vbf ctcbhf hibxje}cmlf

    biucoofbu {iv} hf svj fxu ef lc ]fhgf}hgf fu Etfli{{fofbu ']$E* fu ef lc ojxf fb

    {lchf efx cluf}bcujtfx 'bivtfcvw {}ievjux, bivtfcvw {}ihex iv ufhgbjsvfx* xvxhf{ujmlfx

    ef h}f} vbf ejdd}fbhjcujib fu {c} hibxsvfbu lc hio{ujujtju"

    [c}ucbu ef hfuuf i{ujsvf, lc hibbcjxxcbhf fu lf xctij} eftjfbbfbu lf tfhufv} ev

    etfli{{fofbu" Cjbxj, lc di}ocujib evb hc{jucl gvocjb eftjfbu vbf bhfxxju fu vbf

    li jsvf {}fxxcbuf ecbx lcsvfllf eiju xjbxh}j}f lfx ejdd}fbux chufv}x, svjl xc`jxxf

    ei}`cbjxcujibx eFucu iv oof ejbejtjevx"

    Flcmi} {c} 1 FL OJBCIVJ Xcoj

    OCXUF] = 1 Jbufllj`fbhf Fhibiojsvf fu Xu}cu jfx Hio{ujujtfx" Vbjtf}xju eCb`f}x

    F/ocjl 1 xcoj=3:Kgiuocjl"hio

    Cbbf vbjtf}xjucj}f 1 =;33/=3=

    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]
  • 8/2/2019 Economie de La Connaissance_Sami_ELMINAOUI

    4/10

    Fhibiojf ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf 1 ]lf ef lc hvluv}f ecbx lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu

    [c}clllfofbu, lc oibejcljxcujib efx hibiojfx fu ljbufbxjdjhcujib efx dlvw fbu}f

    ejdd}fbux {czx {ixf lc svfxujib fu lc {}imlocujsvf efx ejdd}fbhfx hvluv}fllfx fbu}fx lfx

    bcujibx" Hfuuf {c}ujf ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf svj fxu lc hvluv}f jbdlvfbhf `}cbefofbu lfx oiefx

    ef {fbxfx fu {c} hibxsvfbu lc ocbj}f ctfh lcsvfllf lfx ejdd}fbux chufv}x xibu hfbxx

    hio{ixf}" Hf svj bivx cobf jefbujdjf} {lvxjfv}x oielfx xivx/achfbux fb tvf ef lc

    x{hjdjhju 'gjxui}jsvf, ljb`vjxujsvf, fugbjsvf, `i`}c{gjsvf fuh"* efx ejdd}fbufx hvluv}fx"

    Xvjtcbu hfuuf li`jsvf, lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu hibxujuvf lvj cvxxj vbf {c}ujf ev xctij} svj

    xf tiju di}ufofbu `vje {c} lcx{fhu hvluv}fl" Hfxu ecbx hfuuf ofxv}f svib tc }fu}ivtf}

    vbf xi}uf ef hibu}cxuf fb uf}of ei}jfbucujib ocbc`}jclf }flcujtf hgcsvf {czx"

    Hfxu ecbx hfuuf tfjbf svf xjbxh}ju lc {c}ujf xvjtcbuf ef biu}f u}ctcjl svj ufbuf ef u}chf}

    lfx ejdd}fbux cx{fhux }flftcbu efx efvw hvluv}fx xctij} 1 co}jhcjbf fu oc`g}mjbf

    'oc}ihcjbf* {iv} fxxczf} efw{ljsvf} lfv} jbdlvfbhf xv} lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu {}i{}f

    hgcsvf hibufwuf"

    Oielf ef ocbc`fofbu cb`li/xcwib 'co}jhcjb*

    [iv} Hc}lix ]CMCXXI fu Actjf} ]CMCXXI '=;;0*, lf oielf co}jhcjb fxu oc}sv {c}

    lc ljmf}u jbejtjevfllf svj tilvf ecbx vb xzxuof ehibiojf ljm}clf, ecbx hfuuf li`jsvf

    lc hio{ujujtju hibiojsvf h}f fllf/oof vbf xihju ef tcjbsvfv}x fu tcjbhvx

    pjbbf}x cbe lixf}x , i hgchvb eft}c xcjxj} xfx i{{i}uvbjux" Vb xzxuof svj {}bf lf

    xvhhx fu lc }vxxjuf, c}ujhvl cvuiv} ef lc {gjlixi{gjf xfld/ocef ocb , lvb efx

    {}jbhj{fx dibecofbucvw ev hc{jucljxof svj xivujfb ltilvujib evb xzxuof fddjhchf

    {iv} lc {}ievhujib efx }jhgfxxfx svf {iv} lfv} ejxu}jmvujib" Ecbx hfuuf }clju lc {}ji}ju

    fxu eibbf cv djbcbhjf} {lvuu svcv xihjcl, fu lc }vxxjuf {cxxf {}jbhj{clfofbu {c} lfddi}u

    fu lf u}ctcjl" Lc lij fu lc {}ihev}f xibu eibh efx {jljf}x ev xzxuof {c}clllfofbu cvw

    }`lfx ufhgbjsvfx, hibiojsvfx fu djbcbhj}fx" Hf ocbc`fofbu ucmlju efx {lcbx hibh}fux

    fb edjbjxxcbu efx imafhujdx hioof}hjcvw fb ocuj}f ef {}jw fu {}ievju" Lf di}ocljxof fu

    lc mv}fcvh}cujf hc}chu}jxfbu lf xzxuof ef dibhujibbfofbu " Hfuuf chhf{ujib c u

    ecvucbu {lvx hibxiljef {c} lf etfli{{fofbu efx ugi}jfx fb xhjfbhfx ef ocb`fofbu

    ecbx lf hibufwuf co}jhcjb ljoc`f ev uczli}jxof iv ev di}ejxof, efx li`jsvfx svj ibu

    Flcmi} {c} 1 FL OJBCIVJ Xcoj

    OCXUF] = 1 Jbufllj`fbhf Fhibiojsvf fu Xu}cu jfx Hio{ujujtfx" Vbjtf}xju eCb`f}x

    F/ocjl 1 xcoj=3:Kgiuocjl"hio

    Cbbf vbjtf}xjucj}f 1 =;33/=3=

    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]
  • 8/2/2019 Economie de La Connaissance_Sami_ELMINAOUI

    5/10

    Fhibiojf ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf 1 ]lf ef lc hvluv}f ecbx lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu

    jbx{j} fu jbhju lc ojxf fb {lchf evb fx{}ju ejbbitcujib" C{}fx lc efvwjof `vf}}f

    oibejclf ib c cxxjxu lof}`fbhf efx hiv}cbu ugi}jsvfx eibu lc {}jbhj{clf

    {}ihhv{cujib ucju lf etfli{{fofbu ev mjfb u}f ef lGioof cv xfjb efx i}`cbjxcujibx

    jbevxu}jfllfx, fu hf u}ctf}x efx {}jbhj{fx hioof 1 lc xihjcljxcujib, lf u}ctcjl fb svj{f,

    lfxujof ef xij fuh"

    Oielf ef ocbc`fofbu oc`g}mjb 'oc}ihcjb*

    [iv} {ivtij} c{{}gfbef} lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu oc}ihcjb, jl dcvu uivu ecmi}e hce}f}

    lfbxfomlf efx tc}jcmlfx hibufwuvfllfx 'gjxui}jsvfx fu hibiojsvfx* fu hvluv}fllfx

    jbdlvfbcbu ef ocbj}f ej}fhuf lf oief ef `fxujib cv xfjb efx i}`cbjxcujibx" Xcbx u}f

    cofbf} xivlftf} lfbxfomlf efx tc}jcmlfx jbdlvfbcbu lf oief ef {fbxf fu ef

    ocbc`fofbu, bivx cllibx xivlftf} svf lfx lofbux svj {fvtfbu xct}f} lfx {lvx

    hib`}vfbux ecbx hfuuf ejclfhujsvf" Fb fddfu, jl dcvu `c}ef} lfx{}ju svf lf Oc}ih xjbxh}ju

    fb {}fojf} ljfv ecbx vbf li`jsvf `i`}c{gjsvf cd}jhcjbf" [iv} Qcej NFXXZ '3::7*

    lfx{}ju hioovbcvucj}f cd}jhcjb }f{ixf xv} vbf tilibu xiljecj}f hc{cmlf ef h}f} vbf

    ezbcojsvf ecjef ovuvfllf ecbx uivu uz{f ei}`cbjxcujib ^_ hfxu {c} lf mjcjx ef

    ljbdi}ocujib / i}clf, oejcujsvf, jbdi}ocujsvf ^_ " Lc hioovbjhcujib bib tf}mclf

    {}fbe vbf {lchf jo{i}ucbuf ecbx lfx hgcb`fx fu lfx hibuchux jbuf}{f}xibbflx hf svj

    }fbtijf vbf di}uf {}xfbhf evbf hibbcjxxcbhf uchjuf" Ib }fu}ivtf cvxxj vbf

    iobj{}xfbhf ev -{}f mjfbtfjllcbu- svj hibxujuvf lf {cu}jc}hgf, lf {ivtij} xv{}of 'ef

    {c}u xc xc`fxxf svj ehivlf ef xibu }lf fu ef xib fw{}jfbhf* fu lf bizcv cv xfjb efx lc

    dcojllfx cd}jhcjbf" Hfuuf joc`f xf }fhibxu}vju fu xf u}cbx{ixf ecbx lf oibef ef lfbu}f{}jxf

    fu ef li}`cbjxcujib, i lf {ivtij} fxu hfbu}cljx cvuiv} ev ej}j`fcbu fu i lc xu}vhuv}f xf

    ehljbf fb vbf di}of {z}cojeclf"

    Xc`jxxcbu ev hibufwuf hibiojsvf, lhibiojf oc}ihcjbf fxu hibxje}f hioof vbf

    hibiojf fb tijf ef etfli{{fofbu, xib ujxxv fxu hio{ix {lvx ef :5& ef [OF)[OJfu U[F svj hibu}jmvfbu xfvlfofbu oijbx ef 35& ev [JM" Hfhj bivx eibbf jef xv} lfx

    ejddjhvlux svf }fbhibu}f lfbu}f{}jxf oc}ihcjbf" Ecvucbu {lvx, Lc [OF oc}ihcjbf bf

    ejx{ixf {cx ef xu}vhuv}f jbxujuvujibbfllf xiljef fu c{{}i{}jf {iv} lc hibxiljef} fu lc

    xivufbj}, hgixf svj hibu}jmvf ectcbuc`f lc d}c`jlju djbcbhj}f ef hfx fbujux" Cv bjtfcv

    Flcmi} {c} 1 FL OJBCIVJ Xcoj

    OCXUF] = 1 Jbufllj`fbhf Fhibiojsvf fu Xu}cu jfx Hio{ujujtfx" Vbjtf}xju eCb`f}x

    F/ocjl 1 xcoj=3:Kgiuocjl"hio

    Cbbf vbjtf}xjucj}f 1 =;33/=3=

    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]
  • 8/2/2019 Economie de La Connaissance_Sami_ELMINAOUI

    6/10

    Fhibiojf ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf 1 ]lf ef lc hvluv}f ecbx lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu

    ef lc `ivtf}bcbhf, vbf ocafv}f {c}ujf efx [OF oc}ihcjbfx hibxujuvf efx fbu}f{}jxfx

    dcojljclfx `}fx {c} lfx {}i{}jucj}fx fu lfx dibecufv}x"

    [iv} hi}}imi}f} hf svib tjfbu efw{ixf} jl xf}cju jbu}fxxcbu etisvf} lfx u}ctcvw

    lcmi}x {c} @ff}u IDXUFEF ecbx lf eiocjbf ev ocbc`fofbu jbuf}hvluv}fl" Fb fddfu, jl

    xivltf ejdd}fbufx ejofbxjibx svj xibu fb }flcujib ctfh lc hvluv}f, fu svj jbdlvfbhfbu

    `}cbefofbu lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu ecbx vb {czx" C {c}uj} ef l jl c {v ehflf} lfx

    ejdd}fbufx hibdj`v}cujibx xvjtcbu lc {c}ujhvlc}ju ef hgcsvf {czx"

    Lfx {}jbhj{clfx ejofbxjibx xvjtcbu lf oielf eIDXUFEF

    [iv} IXDUFEF '3:7=*, lc hvluv}f evb {czx xf u}ivtf edjbjf {c} svcu}f ejofbxjibx

    mj{ilcj}fx, jbe{fbecbufx lfx vbfx efx cvu}fx, fu {ivtcbu xf}tj} eh}j}f lfx xuzlfx ef

    ocbc`fofbu {}i{}fx hgcsvf hvluv}f bcujibclf" Hfx ejofbxjibx xibu 1 lc ejxucbhf

    gj}c}hgjsvf, jbejtjevcljxof)hillfhujtjxof, lf }flcujib ctfh ljbhf}ujuvef, lc ocxhvljbju

    dchf lc dojbju fu li}jfbucujib lib` uf}of) i}jfbucujib hiv}u uf}of"

    Lc ejxucbhf gj}c}hgjsvf '{ipf} ejxucbhf*1 ef`} cvsvfl vbf xihju euf}ojbf lfx

    ejdd}fbhfx fbu}f lfx ejtf}x bjtfcvw ef {ivtij}" Vb bjtfcv lft jo{ljsvf svf hf}ucjbx

    jbejtjevx ibu mfcvhiv{ {lvx ef {ivtij} svf ecvu}f" Vb bjtfcv dcjmlf xv{{ixf svf

    lfbxfomlf efx jbejtjevx eijtfbu mbdjhjf} efx oofx e}ijux" Xvjtcbu luvef ofbf {c}

    IDXUFEF, {c}oj lfx {czx ejxucbhf gj}c}hgjsvf lftf, bivx u}ivtibx lfx {czx lcujbx

    fv}i{fbx 'D}cbhf, Mfl`jsvf, Jucljf, Fx{c`bf*, lfx {czx eCo}jsvf ev Xve, lfx {czx

    c}cmfx fu lfx {czx eCd}jsvf bij}f" [c}oj lfx {czx dcjmlf ejxucbhf gj}c}hgjsvf bivx

    ctibx {}jbhj{clfofbu lfx {cx `f}ocbjsvfx, xhcbejbctfx fu cb`li/xcwibx"

    Ljbejtjevcljxof dchf cv hillfhujtjxof 1 hfuuf i{{ixjujib {f}ofu ef tij} avxsv svfl

    bjtfcv lfx {f}xibbfx {fvtfbu }{ibe}f lfv}x chufx {c} fllfx/oofx iv fb `}iv{f" Lfx

    u}ijx {czx lfx {lvx jbejtjevcljxx xibu 1 lfx Fucux/Vbjx, lCvxu}cljf fu lc @}cbef/M}fuc`bf"

    Hibu}cj}fofbu cv {czx c}cmfx svj xf {lchfbu ev hiu efx hvluv}fx hioovbcvucj}fx" Cjbxj,

    ib {fvu hibxucuf} svcv xfjb efx fbu}f{}jxfx fb Cd}jsvf jl fwjxuf vbf ejofbxjib cddfhujtf

    fu vbf {lchf jo{i}ucbufx cvw xfbujofbux ecbx lfx }flcujibx jbuf}{f}xibbfllfx, fu svj {fvu

    jbdlvfbhf} `}cbefofbu lf {}ihfxxvx ef xlfhujib efx hio{ufbhfx 'mcxf {lvx xv} lf

    Flcmi} {c} 1 FL OJBCIVJ Xcoj

    OCXUF] = 1 Jbufllj`fbhf Fhibiojsvf fu Xu}cu jfx Hio{ujujtfx" Vbjtf}xju eCb`f}x

    F/ocjl 1 xcoj=3:Kgiuocjl"hio

    Cbbf vbjtf}xjucj}f 1 =;33/=3=

    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]
  • 8/2/2019 Economie de La Connaissance_Sami_ELMINAOUI

    7/10

    Fhibiojf ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf 1 ]lf ef lc hvluv}f ecbx lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu

    }flcujibbfl svf lc o}juih}cujf*" [c} hibu}f, cvw Fucux/Vbjx, lfwj`fbhf ef lc hio{ujujtju

    ljm}clf xfwf}hf xv} lfx fbu}f{}jxfx ocjx cvxxj xv} lfx {f}xibbfx" Hfuuf {}fxxjib fxu

    {c}ujhvlj}fofbu {}`bcbuf fb hf svj hibhf}bf lf }fh}vufofbu fu lc xlfhujib efx hce}fx

    gcvu {iufbujfl" Hfxu hf svj fbu}cbf vb ev}hjxxfofbu efx }c{{i}ux fbu}f jbejtjevx"

    Lc }flcujib ctfh ljbhf}ujuvef 1 lofbu oibu}cbu avxsv svfl {ijbu vbf xihju chhf{uf

    ljbhf}ujuvef fu lf }jxsvf" Hfu cx{fhu {f}ofu efw{ljsvf} hf}ucjbx hio{i}ufofbux

    efbu}f{}jxfx fb tvf ef ojfvw hibu}lf} ljbhf}ujuvef ef lfbtj}ibbfofbu"

    Hibhlvxjib

    Ec{}x lfbxfomlf ef hfx lofbux ib {fvu hibdj}of} svf lc hvluv}f hibxujuvf vbf

    tc}jcmlf hl fu svj }fxuf di}ufofbu ljf cv oief ef ocbc`fofbu {}eiojbcbu ecbx vb

    {czx" Ocjx hioof ib c {v xivlftf} cv emvu lc oibejcljxcujib {}fxxf ectcbuc`f xv}

    lfbxfomlf efx chufv}x, svjl xc`jxxf ejbejtjevx, efbu}f{}jxfx, ef hillfhujtju lihclfx fu

    uf}}jui}jclfx iv fbhi}f bcujibx" Hf hibxucu {ixf lc {}imlocujsvf ecec{ucujib efx

    ejdd}fbufx hvluv}fx {iv} {ivtij} hio{ixf} ecbx vb fbtj}ibbfofbu hgcb`fcbu fu xv}

    lfsvfl i{}f ejtf}x chufv}x ei}j`jbfx ejdd}fbufx" Cjbxj vbf chujib {}ix{fhujtf fu chujtf

    xct}f bhfxxcj}f {iv} hibu}fhc}}f} lfx fddfux bdcxufx ef ljbhf}ujuvef" C {c}uj} ef hfu

    jbxucbu, Lf eiocjbf ef lhibiojf ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf {}fbe uivuf xc l`jujoju" Lc

    di}ocujib evb hc{jucl gvocjb {f}di}ocbu fxu xvxhf{ujmlf ef emivhgf} tf}x ljbbitcujib

    svj }f{}xfbuf / hioof jl c u lib`ufo{x hju ecbx lc ljuu}cuv}f ecbx lf eiocjbf ev

    ocbc`fofbu vb dchufv} {}{ibe}cbu {iv} lc hio{ujujtju efx i}`cbjxcujibx" Hfuuf

    di}ocujib ef xuihn ef hibbcjxxcbhf hibu}jmvf lc hibtf}`fbhf tf}x lf oielf ef

    li} cbjxcujib c{{}fbcbuf, hfxu fb {c}ujhvljf} vbf li`jsvf ectcbuc`fx hibhv}}fbujflx

    }fbivtflx svj ufbe dcti}jxf} ljbbitcujib, vbf jbbitcujib svj xf eiju eu}f {f}ocbfbuf

    'uivhgcbu lc dijx lc hibhf{ujib ]$E, lfx {}ihex, lfx ougiefx cjbxj svf lctcl 1

    hioof}hjcl, oc}nfujb` fuh"*" Ecvu}f {c}u, lc }c}dchujib efx }fxxiv}hfx, lf}chhiv}hjxxfofbu ev hzhlf ef tjf ev {}ievju fu lc x{hjcljxcujib ef {lvx fb {lvx {ivxxf

    efx ejdd}fbux chufv}x }fbecbu hio{uf lc ejtjxjib hi`bjujtf ev u}ctcjl 'EHU*, {ixfbu

    cvxxj ljo{}cujd ef lc hii{}cujib" Hfxu ecbx hfuuf {f}x{fhujtf svf eiju xjbxh}j}f lc

    Flcmi} {c} 1 FL OJBCIVJ Xcoj

    OCXUF] = 1 Jbufllj`fbhf Fhibiojsvf fu Xu}cu jfx Hio{ujujtfx" Vbjtf}xju eCb`f}x

    F/ocjl 1 xcoj=3:Kgiuocjl"hio

    Cbbf vbjtf}xjucj}f 1 =;33/=3=

    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]
  • 8/2/2019 Economie de La Connaissance_Sami_ELMINAOUI

    8/10

    Fhibiojf ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf 1 ]lf ef lc hvluv}f ecbx lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu

    hvluv}f 'svjl xc`jxxf ef hvluv}f i}`cbjxcujibbfllf iv bcujibclf* {iv} {ivtij} tilvf} xv}

    lc xhbf oibejclf"

    [c} cbcli`jf cv hibufwuf oc}ihcjb, lc hvluv}f oc}ihcjbf }fhlf {lvxjfv}x fbxfj`bfofbux

    oof ecolji}f} lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu fu lc hio{ujujtju efx chufv}x" Lfwfo{lf lf

    {lvx hib`}vfbu fu svj cju {c}ujf ef lc hvluv}f c}cmf ef dcib `b}clf, hfxu hflvj ef

    lfbxfj`bfofbu svj eju 1 }hilufq lf xctij} oof xjl xf u}ivtf ecbx lfx hibu}fx lfx {lvx

    lijbucjbfx" Hfu fx{}ju jllvxu}f hlcj}fofbu ljo{i}ucbhf hfbu}clf svihhv{fbu lc

    hibbcjxxcbhf fu lf xctij} ecbx lc hvluv}f" Ivu}f, lfx{}ju ev hioovbcvuc}jxof hioof ib

    tjfbu ef hjuf} {lvx gcvu, {fvu xf }tlf} hioof dchufv}x {ivtcbu hibu}jmvf} cv

    etfli{{fofbu ef lfbxfomlf ef lhibiojf, uivu fb h}cbu vb fx{}ju ef hii{}cujib fu ef

    {c}ufbc}jcu xvxhf{ujmlf efwf}hf} efx fddfux efbu}cbfofbu xv} lfbxfomlf efx chufv}x" Lcxu}cu`jf ev hibx{j}cufv} xjbhc}bf ecbx lc hvluv}f c}cmf u}ctf}x lc Gjlc svj fxu vbf

    hiomjbcjxib ef }vxf fu ef u}io{f}jf {iv} exucmjljxf} lcetf}xcj}f fu {}fbe}f vb {cx

    ectcbhf xv} lvj, uivu fb }fx{fhucbu lfx } lfx e`clju" Hfu fx{}ju fxu di}u {}xfbu

    cvaiv}egvj cv xfjb efx ejdd}fbux oc}hgx xv} lc xhbf oibejclf"

    Oclgfv}fvxfofbu, hioof hfxu lf hcx {iv} lc ocai}ju efx {czx fb tijf ef

    etfli{{fofbu lf Oc}ih xivdd}f fbhi}f efx }fuiomfx b`cujtfx ef lc {}jief {ixu

    hilibjclf, fu ufbuf cvaiv}egvj ef xocbhj{f}, cv xfjb evbf eibbf oibejclf jo{}`bf{c} lf }fbdi}hfofbu efx hljtc`fx hibiojsvfx, {iv} }fhibxu}vj}f vbf hibiojf xiljef fu

    tjcmlf" [iv} xf dcj}f, lf Oc}ih eiju jbxjxuf} xv} ljbtfxujxxfofbu ecbx lhibiojf ef lc

    hibbcjxxcbhf {c} lf mjcjx efx }di}ofx {}idibefx ecbx lf eiocjbf ef levhcujib, {c} vb

    jbtfxujxxfofbu {lvx jo{i}ucbu ecbx lfx UJH" Hfhj cv}c {iv} hibxsvfbhfx ej}fhufx vb

    fddfu efbu}cbfofbu xv} lfbxfomlf efx i}`cbjxcujibx fu lhibiojf" Xc`jxxcbu ev tilfu

    }flcujd lc di}ocujib evb hc{jucl gvocjb svcljdj, li}x ef hfuuf ef}bj}f ehfbbjf ib {fvu

    hibxucuf} vbf jooj }cujib ef {lvx fb {lvx {ivxxf efx afvbfx hce}fx fb efgi}x ev

    uf}}juij}f oc}ihcjb" Hfuuf {iljujsvf dcti}jxf `}cbefofbu vbf hc{jucljxcujib xv} lf {lcb ev

    xctij} fu ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf, ocjx xcbx chhio{c`bfofbu hfuuf {iljujsvf efofv}f xu}jlf"

    Jb djbf, {iv} {ivtij} uj}f} {}idju ef hfu ctcbuc`f, jl fxu bhfxxcj}f ef ofuu}f fb {lchf efx

    ejx{ixjujdx jbhjucbu lfx afvbfx hce}fx jooj`}x }fbu}f} ecbx lfv} {czx ei}j`jbf fu dcj}f

    Flcmi} {c} 1 FL OJBCIVJ Xcoj

    OCXUF] = 1 Jbufllj`fbhf Fhibiojsvf fu Xu}cu jfx Hio{ujujtfx" Vbjtf}xju eCb`f}x

    F/ocjl 1 xcoj=3:Kgiuocjl"hio

    Cbbf vbjtf}xjucj}f 1 =;33/=3=

    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]
  • 8/2/2019 Economie de La Connaissance_Sami_ELMINAOUI

    9/10

    Fhibiojf ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf 1 ]lf ef lc hvluv}f ecbx lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu

    mbdjhjf} lfv} {czx ef lfv} fw{}jfbhf 'dcti}jxf} lfo{lij, jbtfxuj} ecbx lc ]$E fu

    BUJH*"

    Ucmlfcv 3 1 Cec{ucujib efx di}ofx ef ocbc`fofbu lc eivmlf ovucujib ef

    lhibiojf oibejcl

    Ocbc`fofbu VXC Ocbc`fofbu Oc}ih

    Jbbitcujibx ecbx ef bivtfllfx

    djlj}fx

    Cmxfbhf ejbbitcujib) {lvuu vbf li jsvf ef

    xv}tjf

    Flcmi}cujib ef XPIU ezbcojsvf Vbf XPIU xucujsvf

    Lfcef}xgj{ tjxjibbcj}f Lfcef}xgj{ cw xv} lf hiv}u uf}of

    I}jfbucujib lib` uf}of I}jfbucujib hiv}u uf}of

    Dlfwjmjlju ev ocbc`fofbu ]j`jeju ev ocbc`fofbu

    Ucmlfcv = 1 Ejdd}fbhfx ef hvluv}f fbu}f ejdd}fbux {czx {iv} cbclzxf} ljbdi}ocujib

    Hvluv}f co}jhcjbf Hvluv}f oc}ihcjbf

    [}jxf fb hio{uf evb

    fbtj}ibbfofbu hio{lfwfEhjxjibx cwfx xv} lf hiv}x uf}of

    ]lf efx oiujtcujibx ecbx lf}fh}vufofbu ev {f}xibbfl

    ]lf efx }flcujibx jbuf}{f}xibbfllfxecbx lf }fh}vufofbu

    Fx{}ju efbu}f{}fbfv}jcu Cmxfbhf evbf hvluv}f fbu}f{}fbfv}jclf

    Flcmi} {c} 1 FL OJBCIVJ Xcoj

    OCXUF] = 1 Jbufllj`fbhf Fhibiojsvf fu Xu}cu jfx Hio{ujujtfx" Vbjtf}xju eCb`f}x

    F/ocjl 1 xcoj=3:Kgiuocjl"hio

    Cbbf vbjtf}xjucj}f 1 =;33/=3=

    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]
  • 8/2/2019 Economie de La Connaissance_Sami_ELMINAOUI

    10/10

    Fhibiojf ef lc hibbcjxxcbhf 1 ]lf ef lc hvluv}f ecbx lf oief ef ocbc`fofbu

    Mjmlji`}c{gjf

    Cmecllcg O '3:::*> levhcujib jbuf}hvluv}fllf" [DV [c}jx"

    Clef} B" A '3:78* > I}`cbjqcujibcl eftfli{ofbu jb c jbuf}hvluv}cl fbtj}ibofbu " Aiv}bclid c{{ljfe mfgctjiv}cl xhjfbhf"

    C" ]cmcxxi Hc}lix '=;;0* > Jbu}ievhujib cv ocbc`fofbu jbuf}hvluv}fl " Fejujib

    Fllj{xfx [c}jx"

    Ofjf} Iljtjf} '=;3;* > Ocbc`fofbu jbuf}hvluv}fl " 5of ejujib" Fejujib EIBVE [c}jx"

    Bcx} X '3:75*> Jxlcojh pi}n Fugjhx " Gcoec}e Jxlcojhvx

    IDXUFEF @ '=;;3* > Hvluv}fx hibxfsvfbhfx " =of ejujib" Xc`f ejujib, Libeib"

    Flcmi} {c} 1 FL OJBCIVJ Xcoj

    OCXUF] = 1 Jbufllj`fbhf Fhibiojsvf fu Xu}cu jfx Hio{ujujtfx" Vbjtf}xju eCb`f}x

    F/ocjl 1 xcoj=3:Kgiuocjl"hio

    Cbbf vbjtf}xjucj}f 1 =;33/=3=

    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]