Les Conventions de Genève du 12 août 1949

7/31/2019 Les Conventions de Genève du 12 août 1949

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WNW[B NZJGD``Z ######################################################################################################### 0;>

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{wnodb 007 U{nshccnb{s znownmbs g„òongbcws ########################################################### 0?;

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0; w`kDB gB_ m`wnáB_

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@CCBqB NN [áfdbmbcw ohcob{c`cw dbs Ohmmnssnhcs mîgno`dbs mnqwbs ###############076

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DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> 0?

OHCZBCWNHC GB FBCÁZB [BD@WNZB Å D@ U[HWBOWNHCGB_ UB[_HCCB_ ONZNDB_ BC WBMU_ GB FRB[[B GR 0; @HùW 0>7>

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WNW[B NNF`DG_D`_

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{wnodb 77 ZNN# [îfnîs ############################################################################################# 067{wnodb 72 ZNNN# W{`csb{w å cb `w{b Unss`cob ################################################### 067{wnodb 7: Jnc gbs mbs{bs {bsw{nownzbs ################################################################### 067

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0: w`kDB gB_ m`wnáB_

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WNW[B NZGD`Z ############################################################################## ;5>

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@CCBqB NNN O`{wb g„ncwb{cbmbcw$ dbww{b$ o`{wb gb oh{{bsuhcg`cob ########################;;5

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DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> 0>

CHWB U[DNMNCN[BGás shc h{nfncb$ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb ` îwî d„ncnwn`wb{gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb$ pn u{hwáfb db shdg`w kdbssî$ bw gbs Ohczbc-

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Chs `zhcs ncgnpî uds a`w ohmmbcw db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d ` ohmudîwîdb u{hlbw gb 0>?6 ` z gbs bcsbnfcbmbcws gb snq `ccîbs gb dwwb s`cs u{î-oîgbcw# Db ohcoh{s gbs _honîwîs c`wnhc`dbs gb d` O{hnq-[hfb$ îw{hnwbmbcwdnîbs g`cs d„answhn{b å d „ uudno`wnhc bw ` gîzbdhuubmbcw gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gbFbcázb$ ` {bzìw cb wbcb{ u`{wnodná{b#

D` Ohczbcwnhc {îznsîb$ wbddb p„bddb sh{w gbs gîdnkî{`wnhcs gb d` Ohcî{bcobgb 0>7>$ {bswb bcwná{bmbcw g`cs d` dnfcb w{`gnwnhccbddb# Bddb u{hoágb gbs u{nc-onubs hcg`mbcw`q pn `z`nbcw gîlå ncsun{î dbs zb{snhcs `cwî{nb{bs < dbs mn-dnw`n{bs kdbssîs h m`d`gbs$ gîsh{m`ns s`cs gîbcsb$ ghnzbcw ìw{b {bsubowîs bwshnfcîs s`cs gnswncownhc gb c`wnhc`dnwî 9 db ub{shccbd pn db{ zhb s` shddnon-wgb$ dbs këwnmbcws pn dbs `k{nwbcw$ db m`wî{nbd pn db{ bsw ohcsò{î$ ghnzbcwìw{b îf`dbmbcw u{hwîfîs 9 d„bmkdámb gb d` o{hnq {hfb s{ hcg kd`co sb{` dbsnfcb gb obwwb nmmcnwî# Whw uds$ ncsn pb chs db zb{{hcs uds dhnc$ dbsohcgnwnhcs gb d` fb{{b mhgb{cb hcw-bddbs `mbcî å {bsw{bncg{b d„îwbcgb gbsu{nzndáfbs ghcw kîcîonb{`nbcw db ub{shccbd bw db m`wî{nbd s`cnw`n{bs cb hns` uhzhn{ gb d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb# Bc {bz`coab$ d` u{bspb whw`dnwî gbs `{wnodbshcw îwî u{îonsîs#

u{ás dbs ©¥ Gnsuhsnwnhcs fîcî{`dbs¥ ¹$ ghcw d` Ohczbcwnhc bsw m`ncwbc`cwuh{zb bw pb chs `zhcs mbcwnhccîbs uds a`w$ db oaùnw{b NN w{`nwb gbskdbssîs bw m`d`gbs# D„`{wnodb 0?$ {bu{ns gb d` Ohczbcwnhc {bd`wnzb `q u{nshc-cnb{s gb fb{{b$ îcmá{b dbs o`wîfh{nbs gb ub{shccbs pn sb{hcw `ssnmndîbs`q h{obs `{mîbs bw$ gb ob `nw$ mnsbs ` kîcîob gb d` Ohczbcwnhc# dh{spb db wbqwb gb 0>;> sb kh{c`nw å h{ghccb{ db {bsubow bw d` u{hwbownhc gbs kdbs-sîs$ db chzbd `{wnodb 0; îcmá{b dbs òwbs u{hankîs < `wwbncwb å d` znb$ wh{w{b$`k`cghc u{îmîgnwî$ bwo# Dbs {bcsbnfcbmbcws å ghccb{ s{ dbs kdbssîs oùw-{îs$ dbs gbzhn{s å {bcg{b `q mh{ws hcw îwî u{îonsîs ! {w# 0: bw 06.# rcb gnsuh-snwnhc chzbddb !`{w# 01. f`{`cwnw `q a`knw`cws bw `q _honîwîs gb sboh{s dbg{hnw g„`ssnswb{ dbs kdbssîs bw dbs m`d`gbs#

Db oaùnw{b NNN ohcsò{î `q h{m`wnhcs bw îw`kdnssbmbcws s`cnw`n{bs$ c„` u`sîwî chw`kdbmbcw mhgnî$ sn ob c„bsw pb d„hc ` u{îz !`{w# ;?. d` o{î`wnhc gbdho`dnwîs bw |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs#

Bc {bz`coab$ db oaùnw{b NZ$ {bd`wn ` ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b bw {bdnfnbq$ `skn cb mhgno`wnhc u{hhcgb# dh{s pb db {ù`w{nbmbcw nmmîgn`w gb ob




ub{shccbd$ s„nd whmk`nw bcw{b dbs m`ncs gb d„`gzb{s`n{b$ îw`nw å ob lh{ d` {áfdbbssbcwnbddb$ d` Ohczbcwnhc gb 0>7> u{îzhnw d` uhssnkndnwî gb db {bwbcn{ uh{shnfcb{ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b# Bddb qb `zbo shnc !`{w# ;1. db sw`ww suîon`d

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Gb mìmb$ db oaùnw{b Z$ pn w{`nwb g m`wî{nbd s`cnw`n{b$ oosb cb w{`csh{-m`wnhc snfcno`wnzb$ pn gîohdb g oa`cfbmbcw ncwb{zbc p`cw ub{shc-cbd < db m`wî{nbd cb sb{` uds {bcg ` kbddnfî{`cw g„h{nfncb#

oaùnw{b ZN$ d` mìmb shdwnhc ` u{îz`d uh{ dbs zîanodbs gb w{`csuh{w! {w# ?2.# rcb ohcpìwb am`cnw`n{b å snfc`db{ < dbs `î{hcbs s`cnw`n{bs sb{hcw`wh{nsîs å s{zhdb{ dbs u`~s cbw{bs shs ob{w`ncbs ohcgnwnhcs !`{w# ?6.#

Db oaùnw{b ohcsò{î ` snfcb gnswncown !oaùnw{b ZNN. gbmb{b hcgî s{ dbsmìmbs u{nconubs# Whwbhns$ d„`{wnodb 77$ sn gîbowbq bc 0>;>$ ` u{ns bcccb wbcb{ dhfnpb bw a`{mhcnbsb# dh{s pb db ©¥snfcb gb u{hwbownhc¥¹ bswbcwh{î gbs f`{`cwnbs dbs uds sw{nowbs$ db snfcb ©¥u{bmbcw ncgno`wn¥¹ bswohcî{î d`{fbmbcw `q _honîwîs gb d` O{hnq-[hfb#

Db oaùnw{b ZNNN !bqîownhc gb d` Ohczbcwnhc. c„ uubddb u`s gb ohmmbcw`n{bs#

Chs `zhcs u`{dî uds a`w g oaùnw{b NQ !{îu{bssnhc gbs nc{òwnhcs. `ncsn

pb gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs c`dbs# D„`{wnodb 2?$ suîon`d å d` N{b

Ohczbcwnhc$ wbcg åu{îzbcn{ dbs `ks g snfcb gnswncown#

NN OHCZBCWNHC GB FBCÁZB!KD___$`D`G_`J`F__.D` Ohcî{bcob gnudhm`wnpb pn s„îw`nw {îcnb å Fbcázb bc 01:1 `z`nw îd`-kh{î dbs u{bmná{bs gnsuhsnwnhcs `gùw`cw å d` fb{{b m`{nwnmb dbs u{nconubsgb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb# Obwwb Ohczbcwnhc cb w u`s {`wnîb$ m`ns bddbgbzncw uds w`{g d` Ohczbcwnhc gb D` A`~b gb 01>>$ uns d` Qb Ohczbcwnhcgb D` A`~b gb 0>56# [`wnîb u`{ p`{`cwb-sbuw w`ws$ bddb bsw gbmb{îb bc znfb{ shs obwwb h{mb lsp„å ob lh{#

Obubcg`cw$ d„îzhdwnhc gbs mîwahgbs gb d` fb{{b bw s{whw db `nw pb d`N{b¥Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb w bddb-mìmb {îznsîb bc 0>;> {bcgn{bcw cîobss`n{bg„bczns`fb{ d` {bhcwb gb d` Qb Ohczbcwnhc gb D` A`~b# u{ás gbs îwgbs u{î-dnmnc`n{bs$ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb îd`kh{` bc 0>?6$ `zbodb ohcoh{s g„bqub{ws c`z`ds {îcns bc Ohcî{bcob$ c u{hlbw gb Ohczbcwnhc

{îznsîb pn w uh{wî å d„h{g{b g lh{ gb d` Ohcî{bcob gnudhm`wnpb pb dbOhcsbnd îgî{`d snssb bczns`fb`nw gb {îcn{ bc 0>75#

O„bsw ob u{hlbw$ ohmudîwî gbuns 0>72 å d` dmná{b gbs bquî{nbcobs g gb{cnb{ohcjnw$ pn sb{znw gb k`sb `q w{`z`q gb d` Ohcî{bcob gnudhm`wnpb gb 0>7>#



;: chwB uîDnmnc`nB

D` Ohczbcwnhc gnwb m`{nwnmb bsw c u{hdhcfbmbcw gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázbuh{ d „ mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbs g`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbsbc o`mu`fcb$ ghcw bddb `gùwb dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs å d` fb{{b s{ mb{# Nd bsw ghco

dhfnpb p„bddb shnw {bgbzbcb cb Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb$ ohmmb å d„h{nfncb#~`cw db mìmb kw$ d` mìmb îohchmnb pb d` N{b Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb$u{hwîfb`cw dbs mìmbs o`wîfh{nbs gb ub{shccbs$ nd c„~ ` u`s dnb gb s„îwbcg{bs{ dbs u{nconubs pn d„ncsun{bcw# M`ns nd `w shdnfcb{ pb d` chzbddbOhczbcwnhc m`{nwnmb ohmuwb m`ncwbc`cw shnq`cwb-w{hns `{wnodbs `dh{s pb dÒhczbcwnhc gb 0>56 c„bc `z`nw pb zncfw-anw# Ob gîzbdhuubmbcw s„bqudnpb <db wbqwb gb 0>7>$ ohmmb g„`nddb{s d„`conbc u{hlbw gb 0>?6$ gùwb dbs m`wná{bsgb d` Ohczbcwnhc m`{nwnmb å obddbs gb d` Ohczbcwnhc ©¥wb{{bsw{b¥¹ `zbo c

u`{`ddîdnsmb w{ás gîzbdhuuî 9 bddb gbznbcw bc bddb-mìmb cb Ohczbcwnhc ohm-udáwb$ `dh{s p„hc ~ w{hz`nw bc 0>56 s{whw dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs am`cnw`n{bsu{hu{bs å d` fb{{b c`z`db#

u{ás dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs fîcî{`dbs ohmmcbs `q gnzb{sbs Ohczbcwnhcs bwghcw chs `zhcs u`{dî$ db oaùnw{b NN u{hwáfb$ hw{b dbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs gbs`{mîbs$ cb o`wîfh{nb suîon`db gb znownmbs < dbs c`{`fîs#

Gb d„`{wnodb 0? pn gîwb{mncb dbs ub{shccbs kîcîon`cw gb d` Ohczbcwnhc$ nd{îsdwb pb obddb-on s„îwbcg{` `q îpnu`fbs gb d` m`{ncb m`{oa`cgb$ uh{

`w`cw p„nds cb lhn{hcw u`s g„c w{`nwbmbcw uds `zh{`kdb bc zb{w g „ w{bsgnsuhsnwnhcs g g{hnw ncwb{c`wnhc`d# Obwwb bqwbcsnhc$ chzbddb g`cs db g{hnwohczbcwnhccbd$ bsw obubcg`cw ohch{mb å d` u{`wnpb fîcî{`dbmbcw snznb#

Db oaùnw{b NNN$ îzngbmmbcw u{hu{b å d` fb{{b m`{nwnmb$ bsw ohcsò{î `qc`zn{bs-a÷unw`q bw `w{bs bmk`{o`wnhcs gb sboh{s#

Db oaùnw{b NZ w{`nwb g ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b pn$ g `nw gbs ohcgnwnhcs u{îz`-d`cw s{ mb{$ bsw d„hklbw g„cb nmmcnwî uds dnkî{`db pb s{ wb{{b# Db ub{shc-cbd s`cnw`n{b bw d„îpnu`fb gbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q chw`mmbcw `ns`cw u`{wnb

ncwîf{`cwb g këwnmbcw$ cb s`{`nbcw ìw{b cn oùw{îs cn {bwbcs# P`cw ùb{shccbd gbs `w{bs c`zn{bs$ s„nd ubw g`cs ob{w`ncs o`s ìw{b {bwbc$ nd ghnwìw{b `ssnw÷w gîk`{pî bw sb w{hzb `dh{s {îfn u`{ d` Ohczbcwnhc wb{{bsw{b#

Db oaùnw{b Z !gbs w{`csuh{ws s`cnw`n{bs. oh{{bsuhcg å d` Ohczbcwnhc wb{-{bsw{b# Bc {bz`coab$ d` Ohczbcwnhc m`{nwnmb cb ohmuh{wb u`s gb sbownhcsuîon`db zns`cw db m`wî{nbd$ o`{ obdn-on `nw bc pbdpb sh{wb u`{wnb ncwîf{`cwbgbs c`zn{bs#

D„`zn`wnhc gb fb{{b c„bqnsw`nw u`s bc 0>56# Db oaùnw{b ZN !g snfcb gnswnco-wn. gb d` Ohczbcwnhc {îznsîb ohcwnbcw ghco gbs u{bso{nuwnhcs uds boòbs{bd`wnzbs å d` snfc`dns`wnhc gbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q#

Dbs oaùnw{bs ZNN !gb d„bqîownhc gb d` Ohczbcwnhc. bw ZNNN !gb d` {îu{bssnhcgbs `ks bw gbs nc{òwnhcs.$ gb mìmb pb dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs c`dbs c„ uubddbcwu`s gb {bm`{pbs u`{wnodná{bs#




NNN OHCZBCWNHC GB FBCÁZB!__GF.D` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb {bd`wnzb ` w{`nwbmbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$

g `hw 0>7>$ ohmuwb obcw p`{`cwb-w{hns `{wnodbs$ ncgîubcg`mmbcw gbs`ccbqbs 9 d` Ohczbcwnhc gb 0>;> pn ohcob{cb db mìmb hklbw bc ohmuw`nwp`w{b-zncfw-gnq-sbuw bw db oaùnw{b {bd`wn `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b g [á-fdbmbcw gb D` A`~b$ gnq-sbuw# Obwwb `fmbcw`wnhc w{`gnw `ss{îmbcw d„`m-udb{ u{nsb u`{ ob pb d„hc ùubddb d` ©¥oùwnznwî¥¹ g`cs d` fb{{b mhgb{cb$m`ns bddb bqu{nmb îf`dbmbcw db gîsn{ gbs c`wnhcs pn sb shcw {îcnbs {îobm-mbcw å Fbcázb$ bw pn {bu{îsbcw`nbcw d„bcsbmkdb gb d` ohmmc`wî ncwb{-c`wnhc`db$ gb `n{b bcwná{bmbcw u`ssb{ d` oùwnznwî shs d„bmun{b g g{hnw gbsfbcs g„ncsun{`wnhc am`cnw`n{b#

rc wbd gîsn{$ nd bsw z{`n$ c„bsw u`s chzb`# _hs d„ncjbcob g g{hnw c`w{bdbw s{whw f{ëob `q mhzbmbcws am`cnw`n{bs g QNQb snáodb bw `q ngîbsg„Abc{~ Gc`cw bc u`{wnodnb{$ sb u{îhoou`cw g sh{w gbs u{nshccnb{s ù{ás`zhn{ `ss{î obdn gbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs$ d` ohcobuwnhc pb db u{nshccnb{ gbfb{{b c„bsw u`s c o{nmncbd m`ns sbdbmbcw c bccbmn bmuìoaî gb {b-u{bcg{b u`{w ` ohmk`w$ p„hc ghnw ghco dnkî{b{ å d` c gbs ahswndnwîs bw pnghnw ìw{b {bsubowî bw w{`nwî am`ncbmbcw w`cw p„nd bsw oùwn$ s„bsw c`dbmbcwnmuhsîb å d` ohcsonbcob g mhcgb onzndnsî# Gbuns dh{s$ gbs l{nsohcsdwbsbw gbs gnudhm`wbs fîcî{bq sb shcw bh{oîs$ `zbo sooás$ gb w{`csuhsb{ obwwbubcsîb s{ db ud`c u{`wnpb bc ncswnw`cw cb sî{nb gb {áfdbs gb g{hnw hkdn-f`whn{bs uh{ dbs w`ws$ {áfdbs whlh{s uds chmk{bsbs$ whlh{s uds gî- zbdhuuîbs å mbs{b pb d„bquî{nbcob bc gîzhnd`nw dbs dòcbs# Db U{hlbw gbK{qbddbs gb 0167$ dbs Ohczbcwnhcs gb D` A`~b gb 01>> bw 0>56$ dbs òoh{gsu`{wnodnb{s bcw{b kbddnfî{`cws u`ssîs å Kb{cb bc 0>06 bw 0>01$ bw bcc dÒhczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb gb 0>;>$ pn ohcsò{bcw whw h u`{wnb gb db{s gns-uhsnwnhcs ` sh{w gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ m`{pbcw dbs u{nconu`dbs îwùbs

gb obwwb îzhdwnhc#D` Ohczbcwnhc gb 0>;> ` ohcw{nkî g„cb m`cná{b boòb$ u`{whw hþ bddb `îwî ùudnpîb$ å d` u{hwbownhc gbs mnddnhcs gb u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn hcw us„bc {îod`mb{ g{`cw db gb{cnb{ ohcjnw# Whwbhns$ nd bsw ùu`{ c`cnmbmbcw$å obq pn bc hcw b db kîcîob ohmmb å obq pn hcw gù d„ùudnpb{$ pb s{gb chmk{bq uhncws bddb gbz`nw ìw{b {îznsîb$ bc {`nshc gbs oa`cfbmbcws s{- zbcs g`cs d` ohcgnwb gb d` fb{{b$ g`cs dbs ohcsîpbcobs p„bddb bcw{`ãcb$h mìmb g`cs dbs ohcgnwnhcs gb znb gbs ubudbs# Nd ohczbc`nw bc u`{wnodnb{

g„îd`{fn{ db ob{odb gbs ub{shccbs a`kndnwîbs å sb {îod`mb{ gb d` p`dnwî gb u{n-shccnb{ gb fb{{b bc o`s gb oùw{b$ g„`ss{b{ obwwb p`dnwî `q mbmk{bs gbs`{mîbs pn oùnwdbcw bw g„îznwb{ pb gbs u{nshccnb{s cb s„bc zhnbcw u{nzîs`{knw{`n{bmbcw å c mhmbcw ghccî 9 nd s„ fnss`nw `ssn gb {îfdb{ `zbo uds gbu{îonsnhc db {îfnmb mìmb gb d` oùwnznwî$ bc wbc`cw ohmuwb gb d„nmuh{w`cobu{nsb u`{ db w{`z`nd gbs u{nshccnb{s$ u`{ dbs sboh{s p„nds {bæhnzbcw h u`{



;1 chwB uîDnmnc`nB

dbs u{hoás pn db{ shcw ncwbcwîs 9 nd îw`nw îf`dbmbcw cîobss`n{b gb {î`{mb{db u{nconub gb d` dnkî{`wnhc nmmîgn`wb gbs u{nshccnb{s å d` c gbs ahswndnwîs 9nd `dd`nw$ bcc$ ghccb{ `q h{f`cbs oa`{fîs gb zbnddb{ å db{s ncwî{ìws bw å d`

khccb ùudno`wnhc gbs {áfdbs pn dbs ohcob{cbcw$ cb k`sb bw cb boònwî`ssn ncgîubcg`cwbs pb uhssnkdb gbs {bd`wnhcs uhdnwnpbs bqnsw`cw bcw{b kbd-dnfî{`cws `gzb{sbs# Bw ob cb shcw då pb dbs uds bssbcwnbds gbs u{hkdámbs å{îshg{b$ pb dbs îu{bzbs gb d` gb{cná{b fb{{b hcw mns bc îzngbcob#

ssn$ `z`cw mìmb pb dbs ahswndnwîs bssbcw obssî$ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`dgb O{hnq-[hfb u{nw-nd d„ncnwn`wnzb$ bc mìmb wbmus p„nd `ssm`nw d` wëoabbcoh{b uds {fbcwb gb mbww{b s{ unbg cb ohczbcwnhc uh{ d` u{hwbownhcgbs ub{shccbs onzndbs$ g„bcw{bu{bcg{b s`cs gîd`n d` {îznsnhc gb d` Ohczbcwnhc

gb Fbcázb {bd`wnzb `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

D` Ohczbcwnhc gb 0>7> bsw kbòhu uds îwbcgb$ chs d„`zhcs z$ pbobddb p„bddb ghnw {bmudòb{# ss{îmbcw$ cb f{`cgb u`{wnb gb sbs gnsuhsn-wnhcs ohcswnwbcw gbs ch{mbs pn$ å d` {nfb{$ uh{{`nbcw ìw{b gîgnwbs gb dÒhczbcwnhc gb 0>;># Whwbhns$ d„bquî{nbcob ` mhcw{î pb d` znb phwngnbccbgbs u{nshccnb{s gîubcg u{îonsîmbcw gb d„ncwb{u{îw`wnhc ghccîb å cb {áfdbfîcî{`db# Hc ` ghco gîsn{î w{`gn{b bc gnsuhsnwnhcs bqu{bssbs d„ncwb{u{îw`-wnhc {`nshcc`kdb p„`{`nbcw g {bobzhn{ ob{w`ncbs {áfdbs bw pn cb db{ ` u`sîwî ghccîb# Gb uds$ mìmb uh{ gbs u{nconubs ghcw d` h{ob sbmkd`nw {îsngb{g`cs d` k{názbwî gb db{ bqu{bssnhc ‟ pb d„hc shcfb å d„`{wnodb ; g wbqwbgb 0>;> ‟ gb d` f{`znwî gbs znhd`wnhcs ghcw nds hcw u ìw{b d„hklbw$ ` nconwî dÒhcî{bcob å dbs u{îonsb{ bw å dbs ohmudîwb{$ gb wbddb sh{wb pb whwb `wwbncwb åobs u{nconubs w gîsh{m`ns nmmîgn`wbmbcw ùu`{bcwb#

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u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#Db Wnw{b NZ ! {wnodbs 07; å 02> bw gb{cnb{. ohcob{cb d„bqîownhc gb d` Ohczbcwnhc#

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whw `w{b ohcjnw `{mî s{fnss`cw bcw{b gbq h udsnb{s gbs A`wbs U`{wnbsohcw{òw`cwbs$ mìmb sn d„îw`w gb fb{{b c„bsw u`s {bohcc u`{ d„cb g„bddbs#

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_n d„cb gbs Unss`cobs bc ohcjnw c„bsw u`s u`{wnb å d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$dbs Unss`cobs u`{wnbs å obddb-on {bswb{hcw cî`cmhncs dnîbs u`{ bddb g`cs db{s{ùuh{ws {îonu{hpbs# Bddbs sb{hcw dnîbs bc hw{b u`{ d` Ohczbcwnhc bczb{sd`gnwb Unss`cob$ sn obddb-on bc òobuwb bw bc ùudnpb dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs#

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;. Dbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs sb{hcw {bobnddns bw shnfcîs#rc h{f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b nmu`{wn`d$ wbd pb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gbd` O{hnq-[hfb$ uh{{` h{n{ sbs sb{znobs `q U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s„bh{ob{hcw$ g„`w{b u`{w$ gb mbww{b bc znfb{$

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@nod 7Dbs Unss`cobs cbw{bs ùudnpb{hcw u`{ `c`dhfnb dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{î-sbcwb Ohczbcwnhc `q kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs$ `ncsn p„`q mbmk{bs g ub{shccbds`cnw`n{b bw {bdnfnbq$ uu`{wbc`cw q h{obs {mîbs gbs U`{wnbs ohcjnw$ pn

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fnbq$ {bswb{hcw kîcîob gb obs ooh{gs ssn dhcfwbmus pb d` Ohczbcwnhcdb{ bsw ùudno`kdb$ s` swnud`wnhcs ohcw{`n{bs ohcwbcbs bqu{bssîmbcw g`csdbs ssgnws òoh{gs h g`cs gbs òoh{gs dwî{nb{s$ h îf`dbmbcw s` mbs{bsuds `zh{`kdbs u{nsbs å db{ îf`{g u`{ d„cb h d„`w{b gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

@nod 6Dbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs$ `ncsn pb dbs mbmk{bs g ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b bw {bdn-fnbq$ cb uh{{hcw bc òc o`s {bchcob{ u`{wnbddbmbcw h whw`dbmbcw `q

g{hnws pb db{ ss{bcw d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bw$ db o`s îoaî`cw$ dbs ooh{gssuîon`q znsîs å d„`{wnodb u{îoîgbcw#

@nod 1D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc sb{` ùudnpîb `zbo db ohcoh{s bw shs db ohcw{÷dbgbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs oa`{fîbs gb s`zbf`{gb{ dbs ncwî{ìws gbs U`{-wnbs ` ohcjnw# obw bbw$ dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs uh{{hcw$ bc gbah{sgb db{ ub{shccbd gnudhm`wnpb h ohcsd`n{b$ gîsnfcb{ gbs gîdîfîs u`{mndb{s u{hu{bs {bssh{wnss`cws h u`{mn dbs {bssh{wnss`cws g„`w{bs Unss`cobscbw{bs# Obs gîdîfîs gbz{hcw ìw{b shmns å d„`f{îmbcw gb d` Unss`cob `-u{ás gb d`pbddb nds bqb{ob{hcw db{ mnssnhc#

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wî dbs wëoabs gîzhdbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc q Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs#_n gbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs h gbs mbmk{bs g ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b bw {bdnfnbqcb kîcîonbcw u`s h cb kîcîonbcw uds$ pbddb p„bc shnw d` {`nshc$ gb d„òwn-

znwî g„cb Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob h g„c h{f`cnsmb gîsnfcî ohch{mîmbcw åd„`dncî` u{bmnb{$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gbz{` gbm`cgb{ shnw å c w`w cbw{b$shnw å c wbd h{f`cnsmb$ g„`ssmb{ dbs hcownhcs gîzhdbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc q Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs gîsnfcîbs u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ohcjnw#

_n cb u{hwbownhc cb ubw ìw{b `ncsn `ss{îb$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gbz{`

gbm`cgb{ å c h{f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b$ wbd pb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gbd` O{hnq-[hfb$ g„`ssmb{ dbs wëoabs am`cnw`n{bs gîzhdbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc `q Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs h gbz{` òobuwb{$ shs {îsb{zbgbs gnsuhsnwnhcs g u{îsbcw `{wnodb$ dbs h{bs gb sb{znobs îm`c`cw g„c wbdh{f`cnsmb#

Whwb Unss`cob cbw{b h whw h{f`cnsmb ncznwî u`{ d` Unss`cob ncwî{bs-sîb h s„h{`cw `q cs ssmbcwnhccîbs gbz{`$ g`cs shc òwnznwî$ {bswb{ohcsonbcw gb s` {bsuhcs`kndnwî bczb{s d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw ghcw {bdázbcw dbs

ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ bw gbz{` h{cn{ gbs f`-{`cwnbs ss`cwbs gb oùònwî uh{ `ssmb{ dbs hcownhcs bc pbswnhc bw dbs{bmudn{ `zbo nmu`{wn`dnwî#

Nd cb uh{{` ìw{b gî{hfî `q gnsuhsnwnhcs pn u{îoágbcw u`{ òoh{g u`{wno-dnb{ bcw{b gbs Unss`cobs ghcw d„cb sb w{hzb{`nw$ mìmb wbmuh{`n{bmbcw$ zns-å-zns gb d„`w{b Unss`cob h gb sbs `ddnîs$ dnmnwîb g`cs s` dnkb{wî gb cîfh-on`wnhc u`{ snwb gbs îzîcbmbcws mndnw`n{bs$ chw`mmbcw bc o`s g„cb hoo-u`wnhc gb d` whw`dnwî h g„cb u`{wnb nmuh{w`cwb gb shc wb{{nwhn{b#

Whwbs dbs hns p„nd bsw `nw mbcwnhc g`cs d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc gb dÙnss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ obwwb mbcwnhc gîsnfcb îf`dbmbcw dbs h{f`cnsmbs pnd` {bmudòbcw ` sbcs g u{îsbcw `{wnodb#

@nod 00G`cs whs dbs o`s hþ bddbs db lfb{hcw wndb g`cs d„ncwî{ìw gbs ub{shccbs u{h-wîfîbs$ chw`mmbcw bc o`s gb gîsòoh{g bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s{ d„ù-udno`wnhc h d„ncwb{u{îw`wnhc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ dbs

Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs u{ìwb{hcw db{s khcs hobs `q cs gb {áfdbmbcw ggnî{bcg#

obw bbw$ oaòcb gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs uh{{`$ s{ d„ncznw`wnhcg„cb U`{wnb h suhcw`cîmbcw$ u{huhsb{ `q U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw cb {îcnhcgb db{s {bu{îsbcw`cws bw$ bc u`{wnodnb{$ gbs `wh{nwîs oa`{fîbs g sh{w gbskdbssîs bw m`d`gbs$ ncsn pb gbs mbmk{bs g ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b bw {bdnfnbq$

U{hoîgr{b

gb

ohcondn`wnhc

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gbs

Urnss`cobsu{hwbow{nobs




îzbcwbddbmbcw s{ c wb{{nwhn{b cbw{b ohczbc`kdbmbcw oahnsn# Dbs U`{wnbs` ohcjnw sb{hcw wbcbs gb ghccb{ snwb `q u{huhsnwnhcs pn db{ sb{hcw`nwbs g`cs ob sbcs# Dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs uh{{hcw$ db o`s îoaî`cw$ u{h-

uhsb{ å d„`f{îmbcw gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw cb ub{shcc`dnwî ùu`{wbc`cw å cbUnss`cob cbw{b$ h cb ub{shcc`dnwî gîdîfîb u`{ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`dgb d` O{hnq-[hfb$ pn sb{` ùubdîb å u`{wnonub{ å obwwb {îcnhc#

OA@UNW[B NNG_KD___G_`D`G_

@nod 0;

Dbs mbmk{bs gbs h{obs `{mîbs bw dbs `w{bs ub{shccbs mbcwnhccîbs å d„`{-wnodb snz`cw$ pn sb{hcw kdbssîs h m`d`gbs$ gbz{hcw ìw{b {bsubowîs bw u{hwî-fîs bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs#

Nds sb{hcw w{`nwîs bw shnfcîs `zbo am`cnwî u`{ d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw pn dbs `{`bc shc uhzhn{$ s`cs ocb gnswncownhc gb o`{òwá{b gî`zh{`kdb k`sîb s{ dbsbqb$ d` {òb$ d` c`wnhc`dnwî$ d` {bdnfnhc$ dbs huncnhcs uhdnwnpbs h whw `w{bo{nwá{b `c`dhfb# Bsw sw{nowbmbcw ncwb{gnwb whwb `wwbncwb å db{ znb bw å db{ub{shccb bw$ bcw{b `w{bs$ db `nw gb dbs òabzb{ h gb dbs bqwb{mncb{$ gb dbs

shmbww{b å d` wh{w{b$ g„bbowb{ s{ bq gbs bquî{nbcobs knhdhfnpbs$ gbdbs d`nssb{ gb `æhc u{îmîgnwîb s`cs sboh{s mîgno`d$ h s`cs shncs$ h gb dbsbquhsb{ å gbs {nspbs gb ohcw`fnhc h g„ncbownhc o{îîs å obw bbw#

_bdbs gbs {`nshcs g„{fbcob mîgno`db `wh{nsb{hcw cb u{nh{nwî g`cs d„h{g{bgbs shncs#

Dbs bmmbs sb{hcw w{`nwîbs `zbo whs dbs îf`{gs u`{wnodnb{s gs å db{ sbqb#

D` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw$ hkdnfîb g„`k`cghccb{ gbs kdbssîs h gbs m`d`gbs å shc

`gzb{s`n{b$ d`nssb{` `zbo bq$ uh{ `w`cw pb dbs bqnfbcobs mndnw`n{bs db ub{-mbww{hcw$ cb u`{wnb gb shc ub{shccbd bw gb shc m`wî{nbd s`cnw`n{bs uh{ohcw{nkb{ å dbs shnfcb{#

@nod 0?D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc s„ uudnpb{` `q kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs ùu`{wbc`cw `qo`wîfh{nbs snz`cwbs <

0. dbs mbmk{bs gbs h{obs {mîbs g„cb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw$ gb mìmb pb dbs

mbmk{bs gbs mndnobs bw gbs oh{us gb zhdhcw`n{bs `ns`cw u`{wnb gb obsh{obs `{mîbs 9

;. dbs mbmk{bs gbs `w{bs mndnobs bw dbs mbmk{bs gbs `w{bs oh{us gb zh-dhcw`n{bs$ ~ ohmu{ns obq gbs mhzbmbcws gb {îsnsw`cob h{f`cnsîs$ ù-u`{wbc`cw å cb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw bw `fnss`cw bc gbah{s h å d„ncwî{nb{gb db{ u{hu{b wb{{nwhn{b$ mìmb sn ob wb{{nwhn{b bsw hoouî$ uh{z pb

U{hwbownhc$

w{`nwbmbcw

bw shncs

Ub{shccbs

u{hwîfîbs



7; 0{b OhczBcwnhc

obs mndnobs h oh{us gb zhdhcw`n{bs$ ~ ohmu{ns obs mhzbmbcws gb {îsns-w`cob h{f`cnsîs$ {bmudnssbcw dbs ohcgnwnhcs snz`cwbs <`. g„`zhn{ å db{ wìwb cb ub{shccb {bsuhcs`kdb uh{ sbs skh{ghccîs 9

k. g„`zhn{ c snfcb gnswncown qb bw {bohcc`nss`kdb å gnsw`cob 9o. gb uh{wb{ hzb{wbmbcw dbs `{mbs 9g. gb sb ohch{mb{$ g`cs db{s huî{`wnhcs$ `q dhns bw ohwmbs gb d`

fb{{b 9

?. dbs mbmk{bs gbs h{obs `{mîbs {îfdná{bs pn sb {îod`mbcw g„c Fh- zb{cbmbcw h g„cb `wh{nwî chc {bohccs u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob 9

7. dbs ub{shccbs pn snzbcw dbs h{obs `{mîbs s`cs bc `n{b gn{bowbmbcwu`{wnb$ wbddbs pb dbs mbmk{bs onznds g„îpnu`fbs g„`znhcs mndnw`n{bs$

oh{{bsuhcg`cws gb fb{{b$ h{cnssb{s$ mbmk{bs g„cnwîs gb w{`z`ndh gb sb{znobs oa`{fîs g knbc ìw{b gbs mndnw`n{bs$ å ohcgnwnhc p„bddbsbc nbcw {bæ d „ wh{ns`wnhc gbs h{obs `{mîbs p„bddbs òohmu`fcbcw 9

2. dbs mbmk{bs gbs îpnu`fbs$ ~ ohmu{ns dbs ohmm`cg`cws$ undhwbs bw ù-u{bcwns$ gb d` m`{ncb m`{oa`cgb bw dbs îpnu`fbs gb d„`zn`wnhc onzndb gbsU`{wnbs ` ohcjnw pn cb kîcîonbcw u`s g„c w{`nwbmbcw uds `zh{`kdbbc zb{w g „ w{bs gnsuhsnwnhcs g g{hnw ncwb{c`wnhc`d 9

:. d` uhud`wnhc g„c wb{{nwhn{b chc hoouî pn$ å d„ùu{hoab gb d„bccbmn$u{bcg suhcw`cîmbcw dbs {mbs uh{ ohmk`ww{b dbs w{hubs g„ncz`snhc s`cs`zhn{ b db wbmus gb sb ohcswnwb{ bc h{obs `{mîbs {îfdná{bs$ sn bddb uh{wbhzb{wbmbcw dbs `{mbs bw sn bddb {bsubowb dbs dhns bw ohwmbs gb d` fb{{b#

@nod 07Ohmuwb wbc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`{wnodb 0;$ dbs kdbssîs bw dbs m`d`gbs g„ckbddnfî{`cw$ whmkîs ` uhzhn{ gb d„`gzb{s`n{b$ sb{hcw u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{bbw dbs {áfdbs g g{hnw gbs fbcs ohcob{c`cw dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b db{ sb-{hcw ùudno`kdbs#

@nod 02Bc whw wbmus bw chw`mmbcw ù{ás c bcf`fbmbcw$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnwu{bcg{hcw s`cs w`{gb{ whwbs dbs mbs{bs uhssnkdbs uh{ {boab{oab{ bw {b-obnddn{ dbs kdbssîs bw dbs m`d`gbs$ dbs u{hwîfb{ ohcw{b db undd`fb bw dbs m`z`nsw{`nwbmbcws bw db{ ss{b{ dbs shncs cîobss`n{bs$ ncsn pb uh{ {boab{oab{ dbsmh{ws bw bmuìoab{ p„nds cb shnbcw gîuhnddîs#

Whwbs dbs hns pb dbs on{ohcsw`cobs db ub{mbww{hcw$ c {mnswnob$ cb ncwb{{u-wnhc gb b h gbs `{{`cfbmbcws dho`q sb{hcw ohczbcs uh{ ub{mbww{b d„bc-dázbmbcw$ d„îoa`cfb bw db w{`csuh{w gbs kdbssîs d`nssîs s{ db oa`mu gb k`w`nddb#

Gb mìmb$ gbs `{{`cfbmbcws dho`q uh{{hcw ìw{b ohcods bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs` ohcjnw uh{ d„îzò`wnhc h d„îoa`cfb gbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs g„cb |hcb

_w`wrw

[boab{oab

gbs kdbssîs#

Îzòr`wnhc




`ssnîfîb h bcob{odîb bw uh{ db u`ss`fb gb ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b bw {bdnfnbq bwgb m`wî{nbd s`cnw`n{b å gbswnc`wnhc gb obwwb |hcb#

@nod 0:Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw gbz{hcw bc{bfnsw{b{$ g`cs db uds k{b gîd`n uhssnkdb$whs dbs îdîmbcws u{hu{bs å ngbcwnb{ dbs kdbssîs$ dbs m`d`gbs bw dbs mh{wsgb d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb whmkîs bc db{ uhzhn{# Obs {bcsbnfcbmbcws gbz{hcw snuhssnkdb ohmu{bcg{b ob pn snw <

`. ncgno`wnhc gb d` Unss`cob ghcw nds gîubcgbcw 9k. `bow`wnhc h cmî{h m`w{nodb 9o. chm gb `mnddb 9g. db h dbs u{îchms 9b. g`wb gb c`nss`cob 9

. whw `w{b {bcsbnfcbmbcw f{`cw s{ d` o`{wb h d` ud`pb g„ngbcwnwî 9 f. g`wb bw dnb gb d` oùw{b h g gîoás 9a. {bcsbnfcbmbcws ohcob{c`cw dbs kdbss{bs$ d` m`d`gnb h d` o`sb g

gîoás#

G`cs db uds k{b gîd`n uhssnkdb$ dbs {bcsbnfcbmbcws mbcwnhccîs on-gbsssgbz{hcw ìw{b ohmmcnpîs ` k{b` gb {bcsbnfcbmbcws$ znsî å d„`{wnodb 0;;gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb {bd`wnzb ` w{`nwbmbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{bg 0; `hw 0>7>$ pn dbs w{`csmbww{` å d` Unss`cob ghcw gîubcgbcw obs ub{-shccbs$ u`{ d„ncwb{mîgn`n{b gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob bw gb d„fbcob obc-w{`db gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw îw`kdn{hcw bw sb ohmmcnpb{hcw$ u`{ d` zhnb ncgnpîbå d„`dncî` u{îoîgbcw$ dbs òwbs gb gîoás h dbs dnswbs gb gîoás gmbcw `wabc-wnîbs# Bddbs {bobnddb{hcw bw sb w{`csmbww{hcw îf`dbmbcw$ u`{ d„ncwb{mîgn`n{bg mìmb k{b`$ d` mhnwnî g„cb ghkdb ud`pb g„ngbcwnwî$ dbs wbsw`mbcws h`w{bs ghombcws u{îsbcw`cw gb d„nmuh{w`cob uh{ d` `mnddb gbs gîoîgîs$

dbs shmmbs g„`{fbcw bw$ bc fîcî{`d$ whs dbs hklbws `~`cw cb z`db{ ncw{nc-sápb h `bownzb$ w{hzîs s{ dbs mh{ws# Obs hklbws$ `ncsn pb dbs hklbws chcngbcwnîs$ sb{hcw bczh~îs g`cs gbs u`pbws sobddîs$ òohmu`fcîs g„cb gî-od`{`wnhc ghcc`cw whs dbs gîw`nds cîobss`n{bs å d„ngbcwno`wnhc g uhssbssb{gîoîgî$ `ncsn pb g„c nczbcw`n{b ohmudbw g u`pbw#

@nod 06Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw zbnddb{hcw å ob pb d„ncam`wnhc h d„nconcî{`wnhc gbs

mh{ws$ `nwb ncgnzngbddbmbcw g`cs whwb d` mbs{b hþ dbs on{ohcsw`cobs dbub{mbww{hcw$ shnw u{îoîgîb g„c bq`mbc `wwbcwn bw sn uhssnkdb mîgno`d gbsoh{us$ bc zb gb ohcsw`wb{ d` mh{w$ g„îw`kdn{ d „ngbcwnwî bw gb uhzhn{ bc {bcg{bohmuwb# D` mhnwnî gb d` ghkdb ud`pb g„ngbcwnwî h d` ud`pb bddb-mìmb s„nds„ fnw g„cb ud`pb snmudb$ {bswb{` s{ db o`g`z{b#

Bc{bfnsw{b-

mbcw bw

w{`csmnssnhc

gbs {bcsbn-

fcbmbcws

U{bso{nuwnhcs

{bd`wnzbs`rq mh{ws#

_b{znob

gbs whmkbs






OA@UNW[B NNNG_J`_G_`KD____``_

@nod 0>Dbs îw`kdnssbmbcws qbs bw dbs h{m`wnhcs s`cnw`n{bs mhkndbs g _b{znob gbs`cwî cb uh{{hcw bc ocb on{ohcsw`cob ìw{b d„hklbw g„`ww`pbs$ m`ns sb{hcwbc whw wbmus {bsubowîs bw u{hwîfîs u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw# _„nds whmkbcw`q m`ncs gb d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb$ nds uh{{hcw ohcwncb{ å hcownhccb{ w`cw pbd` Unss`cob oùw{nob c„`{` u`s bddb-mìmb `ss{î dbs shncs cîobss`n{bs `qkdbssîs bw m`d`gbs sb w{hz`cw g`cs obs îw`kdnssbmbcws bw h{m`wnhcs#

Dbs `wh{nwîs ohmuîwbcwbs zbnddb{hcw å ob pb dbs îw`kdnssbmbcws bw dbs h{m`-

wnhcs s`cnw`n{bs mbcwnhccîs on-gbsss shnbcw$ g`cs d` mbs{b g uhssnkdb$ sn-wîs gb wbddb `æhc pb gbs `ww`pbs îzbcwbddbs ohcw{b gbs hklbowns mndnw`n{bscb unssbcw mbww{b obs îw`kdnssbmbcws bw h{m`wnhcs s`cnw`n{bs bc g`cfb{#

@nod ;5Dbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q `~`cw g{hnw å d` u{hwbownhc gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázbuh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs$ gbs m`d`gbs bw gbs c`{`fîs gbsh{obs {mîbs s{ mb{ g 0; hùw 0>7>$ cb gbz{hcw u`s ìw{b ww`pîs gb d` wb{{b#

@nod ;0D` u{hwbownhc gb `q îw`kdnssbmbcws qbs bw `q h{m`wnhcs s`cnw`n{bsmhkndbs g _b{znob gb s`cwî cb uh{{` obssb{ pb s„nd bc bsw `nw s`fb uh{ohmmbww{b$ bc gbah{s gb db{s gbzhn{s am`cnw`n{bs$ gbs òwbs cnsnkdbs åd„bccbmn# Whwbhns$ d` u{hwbownhc cb obssb{` p„ u{ás shmm`wnhc q`cw$ g`cswhs dbs o`s huuh{wcs$ c gîd`n {`nshcc`kdb bw pn sb{`nw gbmb{îb s`cs bbw#

@nod ;;

Cb sb{hcw u`s ohcsngî{îs ohmmb îw`cw gb c`w{b å u{nzb{ cb h{m`wnhc hc îw`kdnssbmbcw s`cnw`n{b gb d` u{hwbownhc `ss{îb u`{ d „ {wnodb 0> <

0. db `nw pb db ub{shccbd gb d` h{m`wnhc h gb d„îw`kdnssbmbcw bsw `{mî bwp„nd sb gb sbs `{mbs uh{ s` u{hu{b gîbcsb h obddb gb sbs kdbssîs bwgb sbs m`d`gbs 9

;. db `nw p„å gî`w g„nc{mnb{s `{mîs$ d` h{m`wnhc h d„îw`kdnssbmbcwbsw f`{gî u`{ c unpbw h gbs sbcwncbddbs h cb bsoh{wb 9

?. db `nw pb g`cs d` h{m`wnhc h d„îw`kdnssbmbcw sb w{hzbcw gbs `{mbsuh{w`wnzbs bw gbs mcnwnhcs {bwn{îbs `q kdbssîs bw `q m`d`gbs bwc„ ~`cw u`s bcoh{b îwî zb{sîbs sb{znob ohmuîwbcw 9

7. db `nw pb g ub{shccbd bw g m`wî{nbd g sb{znob zîwî{nc`n{b sb w{hzbcwg`cs d` h{m`wnhc h d„îw`kdnssbmbcw$ s`cs bc `n{b u`{wnb ncwîf{`cwb 9

U{hwbownhc

gbs c`zn{bs-

a÷unw`rq

Obss`wnhc gb

d` u{hwbownhc

gbs îw`kdns-

sbmbcws bw

h{m`wnhcs

J`nws cb u{n-

z`cw u`s gb

u{hwbownhc

U{hwbownhc



7: 0{b OhczBcwnhc

2. db `nw pb d„òwnznwî am`cnw`n{b gbs h{m`wnhcs bw îw`kdnssbmbcws s`cn-w`n{bs h gb db{ ub{shccbd bsw îwbcgb å gbs onznds kdbssîs h m`d`gbs#

@nod ;?Gás db wbmus gb u`nq$ dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs bw$ ù{ás d„hzb{w{bgbs ahswndnwîs$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw$ uh{{hcw o{îb{ s{ db{ u{hu{b wb{{nwhn{bbw$ s„nd bc bsw kbshnc$ s{ dbs wb{{nwhn{bs hoouîs$ gbs |hcbs bw dho`dnwîs s`-cnw`n{bs h{f`cnsîbs gb m`cná{b å mbww{b å d„`k{n gbs bbws gb d` fb{{b dbskdbssîs bw dbs m`d`gbs `ncsn pb db ub{shccbd oa`{fî gb d„h{f`cns`wnhc bw gbd„`gmncnsw{`wnhc gb obs |hcbs bw dho`dnwîs bw gbs shncs å ghccb{ q ub{shccbspn s„~ w{hzb{hcw ohcobcw{îbs#

Gás db gîkw g„c ohcjnw bw ` oh{s gb obdn-on$ dbs U`{wnbs ncwî{bssîbs uh{-{hcw ohcod{b bcw{b bddbs gbs òoh{gs uh{ d` {bohcc`nss`cob gbs |hcbs bwdho`dnwîs s`cnw`n{bs p„bddbs `{`nbcw îw`kdnbs# Bddbs uh{{hcw å obw bbw mbww{bbc znfb{ dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs u{îzbs g`cs db u{hlbw g„òoh{g `ccbqî å d` u{î-sbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ bc ~ ùuh{w`cw îzbcwbddbmbcw gbs mhgno`wnhcs p„bddbs lfb{`nbcw cîobss`n{bs#

Dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs bw db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfbshcw ncznwîs å u{ìwb{ db{s khcs hobs uh{ òndnwb{ d„îw`kdnssbmbcw bw d` {b-

ohcc`nss`cob gb obs |hcbs bw dho`dnwîs s`cnw`n{bs#

OA@UNW[B NZG_D

@nod ;7Db ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b bqodsnzbmbcw `bowî å d` {boab{oab$ å d„bcdázbmbcw$` w{`csuh{w h ` w{`nwbmbcw gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbs h å d` u{îzbcwnhc

gbs m`d`gnbs$ db ub{shccbd bqodsnzbmbcw `bowî å d„`gmncnsw{`wnhc gbs h{-m`wnhcs bw îw`kdnssbmbcws s`cnw`n{bs$ `ncsn pb dbs `m÷cnb{s `wwòaîs `qh{obs `{mîbs$ sb{hcw {bsubowîs bw u{hwîfîs bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs#

@nod ;2Dbs mndnw`n{bs suîon`dbmbcw ncsw{nws uh{ ìw{b$ db o`s îoaî`cw$ bmudh~îsohmmb nc{mnb{s h k{`co`{gnb{s `qndn`n{bs å d` {boab{oab h å d„bcdázb-mbcw$ w{`csuh{w h w{`nwbmbcw gbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs$ sb{hcw îf`dbmbcw

{bsubowîs bw u{hwîfîs s„nds {bmudnssbcw obs hcownhcs ` mhmbcw hþ nds znbc-cbcw ` ohcwòw gb d„bccbmn h whmkbcw bc shc uhzhn{#

\hcbs bw

dho`dnwîs

s`cnw`n{bs

U{hwbownhc

gr ub{shccbd

ub{m`cbcw

U{hwbownhc

gr ub{shccbd

wbmuh{`n{b




@nod ;:_hcw `ssnmndîs ` ub{shccbd znsî å d„`{wnodb ;7$ db ub{shccbd gbs _honîwîs c`-wnhc`dbs gb d` O{hnq-[hfb bw obdn gbs `w{bs shonîwîs gb sboh{s zhdhcw`n{bs$

gùmbcw {bohccbs bw `wh{nsîbs u`{ db{ fhzb{cbmbcw$ pn sb{` bmudh~î `qmìmbs hcownhcs pb obddbs g ub{shccbd znsî `gnw `{wnodb$ shs d` {îsb{zbpb db ub{shccbd gb obs shonîwîs sb{` shmns `q dhns bw {áfdbmbcws mndnw`n{bs#

Oa`pb A`wb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb chwnb{` å d„`w{b$ shnw gás db wbmus gbu`nq$ shnw å d„hzb{w{b h ` oh{s gbs ahswndnwîs$ bc whw o`s `z`cw whwbmudhn bbown$ dbs chms gbs shonîwîs p„bddb `{` `wh{nsîbs å u{ìwb{ db{ohcoh{s$ shs s` {bsuhcs`kndnwî$ ` sb{znob s`cnw`n{b honbd gb sbs `{mîbs#

@nod ;6rcb shonîwî {bohccb g„c u`~s cbw{b cb uh{{` u{ìwb{ db ohcoh{s gb shcub{shccbd bw gb sbs h{m`wnhcs s`cnw`n{bs å cb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw p„`zbo d„`s-sbcwnmbcw u{î`d`kdb gb shc u{hu{b fhzb{cbmbcw bw d „ wh{ns`wnhc gb d` U`{-wnb ` ohcjnw bddb-mìmb# Ob ub{shccbd bw obs h{m`wnhcs sb{hcw udòîs shs dbohcw{÷db gb obwwb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw#

Db fhzb{cbmbcw cbw{b chwnb{` obw ssbcwnmbcw å d` u`{wnb gzb{sb gb d„w`wpn òobuwb ob ohcoh{s# D` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw pn `{` òobuwî ob ohcoh{s bsw

wbcb$ `z`cw whw bmudhn$ g„bc `n{b d` chwno`wnhc å d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb#Bc òcb on{ohcsw`cob ob ohcoh{s cb gbz{` ìw{b ohcsngî{î ohmmb cbncfî{bcob g`cs db ohcjnw#

Dbs mbmk{bs g ub{shccbd znsî ` u{bmnb{ `dncî` gbz{hcw ìw{b gmbcw m-cns gbs unáobs g„ngbcwnwî u{îzbs å d„`{wnodb 75 `z`cw gb pnwwb{ db u`~s cbw{b`pbd nds ùu`{wnbccbcw#

@nod ;1

Db ub{shccbd gîsnfcî `q `{wnodbs ;7 bw ;: cb sb{` {bwbc$ s„nd whmkb ` uhzhn{ gb d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb$ pb g`cs d` mbs{b hþ d„îw`w s`cnw`n{b$ dbs kbshncssun{nwbds bw db chmk{b gb u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b d„bqnfb{hcw#

Dbs mbmk{bs g ub{shccbd pn sb{hcw `ncsn {bwbcs cb sb{hcw u`s ohcsngî{îsohmmb u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b# Whwbhns$ nds kîcîonb{hcw uh{ db mhncs gbwhwbs dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb {bd`wnzb ` w{`nwbmbcw gbsu{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b g 0; hùw 0>7># Nds ohcwncb{hcw å bqb{ob{$ g`cs db o`g{bgbs dhns bw {áfdbmbcws mndnw`n{bs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ shs d„`wh{nwî gb

sbs sb{znobs ohmuîwbcws bw bc ooh{g zbo db{ ohcsonbcob u{hbssnhccbddb$ db{shcownhcs mîgno`dbs h sun{nwbddbs ` u{hw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ùu`{-wbc`cw gb u{îî{bcob `q h{obs `{mîbs ghcw nds {bdázbcw# Nds lhn{hcw bc hw{b$uh{ d„bqb{onob gb db{ mnssnhc mîgno`db h sun{nwbddb$ gbs òndnwîs snz`cwbs <

`. Nds sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å znsnwb{ uî{nhgnpbmbcw dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{bsb w{hz`cw g`cs gbs gîwòabmbcws gb w{`z`nd h g`cs gbs a÷unw`q

_honîwîs gb

u`~s cbrw{bs

Ub{shccbd{bwbcr

Ub{shccbd

gbs shonîwîs

gb sbohr{s



71 0{b OhczBcwnhc

snwîs å d„bqwî{nb{ g o`mu# D„ wh{nwî gîwbcw{nob mbww{` å db{ gnsuh-snwnhc$ å obw bbw$ dbs mh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w cîobss`n{bs#

k. G`cs oa`pb o`mu$ db mîgbonc mndnw`n{b db uds `conbc g`cs db f{`gb

db uds îdbzî sb{` {bsuhcs`kdb ù{ás gbs `wh{nwîs mndnw`n{bs g o`muuh{ whw ob pn ohcob{cb dbs òwnznwîs g ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b {bwbc# obw bbw$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s„bcwbcg{hcw gás db gîkw gbs ahswndn-wîs ` slbw gb d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob gbs f{`gbs gb db{ ub{shccbd s`cn-w`n{b$ ~ ohmu{ns obdn gbs shonîwîs znsîbs å d„`{wnodb ;:# Uh{ whwbs dbspbswnhcs {bdbz`cw gb db{ mnssnhc$ ob mîgbonc$ `ncsn pb dbs `m÷-cnb{s$ `{hcw òoás gn{bow ù{ás gbs `wh{nwîs ohmuîwbcwbs g o`mu#Obddbs-on db{ ghccb{hcw whwbs dbs òndnwîs cîobss`n{bs uh{ d` oh{-{bsuhcg`cob `~`cw w{`nw å obs pbswnhcs#

o. Knbc p„nd shnw shmns å d` gnsonudncb ncwî{nb{b g o`mu g`cs dbpbd ndsb w{hzb$ db ub{shccbd {bwbc cb uh{{` ìw{b `sw{bncw å òc w{`z`ndîw{`cfb{ å s` mnssnhc mîgno`db h {bdnfnbsb#

oh{s gbs ahswndnwîs$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s„bcwbcg{hcw ` slbw g„cb {b-dázb îzbcwbddb g ub{shccbd {bwbc bw bc qb{hcw dbs mhg`dnwîs#

ocb gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs pn u{îoágbcw cb gnsubcsb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nobgbs hkdnf`wnhcs pn dn ncohmkbcw å d„îf`{g gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b g`cs

dbs ghm`ncbs s`cnw`n{b bw sun{nwbd#

@nod ;>Db ub{shccbd gîsnfcî å d„ {wnodb ;2$ whmkî `q m`ncs gb d„bccbmn$ sb{` ohcsn-gî{î ohmmb u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b$ m`ns nd sb{` bmudh~î å gbs mnssnhcs s`cn-w`n{bs uh{ `w`cw pb db kbshnc s„bc `ssb sbcwn{#

@nod ?5Dbs mbmk{bs g ub{shccbd ghcw d` {îwbcwnhc cb sb{` u`s ncgnsubcs`kdb bc zb{w gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`{wnodb ;1$ sb{hcw {bcgs å d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw ghcwnds {bdázbcw gás p„cb zhnb sb{` hzb{wb uh{ db{ {bwh{ bw pb dbs cîobssnwîsmndnw`n{bs db ub{mbww{hcw#

Bc `wwbcg`cw db{ {bczhn$ nds cb sb{hcw u`s ohcsngî{îs ohmmb u{nshccnb{s gbfb{{b# Whwbhns$ nds kîcîonb{hcw uh{ db mhncs gb whwbs dbs gnsuhsnwnhcsgb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb {bd`wnzb ` w{`nwbmbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{bg 0; `hw 0>7># Nds ohcwncb{hcw å {bmudn{ db{s hcownhcs shs d` gn{bownhcgb d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb bw sb{hcw gb u{îî{bcob `bowîs `q shncs gbs kdbssîs bw

m`d`gbs gb d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw ghcw nds {bdázbcw#

db{ gîu`{w$ nds bmuh{wb{hcw dbs bbws$ hklbws ub{shccbds$ z`db{s bw ncsw{-mbcws pn db{ ùu`{wnbccbcw bc u{hu{b#

_h{w gr

ub{shccbd

wbmuh{`n{b

[bczhn gr

ub{shccbd

s`cnw`n{b bw

{bdnfnbrq




@nod ?0Db oahnq g ub{shccbd ghcw db {bczhn å d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw bsw u{îz `qwb{mbs gb d„`{wnodb ?5 s„huî{b{` å d„bqodsnhc gb whwb ohcsngî{`wnhc gb {òb$

gb {bdnfnhc h g„huncnhc uhdnwnpb$ gb u{îî{bcob sbdhc d„h{g{b oa{hchdhfnpbgb db{ oùw{b bw db{ îw`w gb s`cwî#

Gás db gîkw gbs ahswndnwîs$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw uh{{hcw qb{ u`{ òoh{gssuîon`q db uh{obcw`fb g ub{shccbd å {bwbcn{ bc hcownhc g chmk{b gbsu{nshccnb{s `ncsn pb s` {îu`{wnwnhc g`cs dbs o`mus#

@nod ?;Dbs ub{shccbs gîsnfcîbs g`cs d„`{wnodb ;6$ pn sb{hcw whmkîbs ` uhzhn{ gb

d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb$ cb uh{{hcw ìw{b {bwbcbs#_` òoh{g ohcw{`n{b$ bddbs sb{hcw `wh{nsîbs å {bf`fcb{ db{ u`~s h å gî`wdb wb{{nwhn{b gb d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw ` sb{znob gb d`pbddb bddbs sb w{hz`nbcwudòîbs$ gás p„cb zhnb sb{` hzb{wb uh{ db{ {bwh{ bw pb dbs bqnfbcobsmndnw`n{bs db ub{mbww{hcw#

Bc `wwbcg`cw db{ {bczhn$ bddbs ohcwncb{hcw å {bmudn{ db{s hcownhcs shs d`gn{bownhc gb d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb 9 bddbs sb{hcw gb u{îî{bcob `bowîbs `q shncsgbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs gb d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw ` sb{znob gb d`pbddb bddbs sb

w{hz`nbcw udòîbs#

db{ gîu`{w$ bddbs bmuh{wb{hcw dbs bbws$ hklbws ub{shccbds bw z`db{s$ dbs ncs-w{mbcws$ dbs {mbs bw sn uhssnkdb dbs mh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w pn db{ uu`{wnbccbcw#

Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw `ss{b{hcw å ob ub{shccbd$ ubcg`cw p„nd sb{` bc db{uhzhn{$ db mìmb bcw{bwnbc$ db mìmb dhfbmbcw$ dbs mìmbs `ddho`wnhcs bw d`mìmb shdgb p„` ub{shccbd oh{{bsuhcg`cw gb db{ `{mîb# D` ch{{nw{bsb{` bc whw o`s ss`cwb bc p`cwnwî$ p`dnwî bw z`{nîwî uh{ `ss{b{ `qncwî{bssîs c îpndnk{b ch{m`d gb s`cwî#

OA@UNW[B ZG_Kë_G`D

@nod ??Db m`wî{nbd gbs h{m`wnhcs s`cnw`n{bs mhkndbs gbs h{obs {mîbs$ pn sb{hcw whm-kîbs ` uhzhn{ gb d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb$ gbmb{b{` `bowî `q kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs#

Dbs këwnmbcws$ db m`wî{nbd bw dbs gîu÷ws gbs îw`kdnssbmbcws s`cnw`n{bs qbs gbsh{obs `{mîbs gbmb{b{hcw shmns ` g{hnw gb d` fb{{b$ m`ns cb uh{{hcw ìw{bgîwh{cîs gb db{ bmudhn w`cw p„nds sb{hcw cîobss`n{bs `q kdbssîs bw `q m`-d`gbs# Whwbhns$ dbs ohmm`cg`cws gbs {mîbs bc o`mu`fcb uh{{hcw dbs wndnsb{$bc o`s gb cîobssnwî mndnw`n{b {fbcwb$ shs {îsb{zb g„`zhn{ u{ns ` u{î`d`kdb dbsmbs{bs cîobss`n{bs ` knbc-ìw{b gbs m`d`gbs bw gbs kdbssîs pn ~ shcw shnfcîs#

[bwhr{ gr

ub{shccbd gbu`~s cbrw{bs

_h{w gbs

këwnmbcws bw

gr m`wî{nbd

Oahnq gr

ub{shccbd

å {bczh~b{



25 0{b OhczBcwnhc

Db m`wî{nbd bw dbs gîu÷ws znsîs u`{ db u{îsbcw `{wnodb cb gbz{hcw u`s ìw{b ncwbc-wnhccbddbmbcw gîw{nws#

@nod ?7Dbs knbcs mhkndnb{s bw nmmhkndnb{s gbs shonîwîs gb sboh{s `gmnsbs ` kîcî-ob gb d` Ohczbcwnhc sb{hcw ohcsngî{îs ohmmb u{hu{nîwî u{nzîb#

Db g{hnw gb {îpnsnwnhc {bohcc `q kbddnfî{`cws u`{ dbs dhns bw s`fbs gb d`fb{{b cb s„bqb{ob{` p„bc o`s gb cîobssnwî {fbcwb bw cb hns db sh{w gbs kdbs-sîs bw gbs m`d`gbs `ss{î#

OA@UNW[B ZNG_`___``_

@nod ?2Dbs w{`csuh{ws gb kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs h gb m`wî{nbd s`cnw`n{b sb{hcw {bsubowîsbw u{hwîfîs ` mìmb wnw{b pb dbs h{m`wnhcs s`cnw`n{bs mhkndbs#

Dh{spb obs w{`csuh{ws h zîanodbs whmkb{hcw `q m`ncs gb d` u`{wnb `g- zb{sb$ nds sb{hcw shmns `q dhns gb d` fb{{b$ å d` ohcgnwnhc pb d` U`{wnb `

ohcjnw pn dbs `{` oùw{îs sb oa`{fb$ g`cs whs dbs o`s$ gbs kdbssîs bw gbsm`d`gbs p„nds ohcwnbccbcw#

Db ub{shccbd onznd bw whs dbs mh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w u{hzbc`cw gb d` {îpnsn-wnhc sb{hcw shmns `q {áfdbs fîcî{`dbs g g{hnw gbs fbcs#

@nod ?:Dbs `î{hcbs s`cnw`n{bs$ o„bsw-å-gn{b dbs `î{hcbs bqodsnzbmbcw wndnsîs uh{d„îzò`wnhc gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbs$ `ncsn pb uh{ db w{`csuh{w g ub{-

shccbd bw g m`wî{nbd s`cnw`n{bs$ cb sb{hcw u`s d„hklbw g„`ww`pbs m`ns sb{hcw{bsubowîs u`{ dbs kbddnfî{`cws ubcg`cw dbs zhds p„nds bbowb{hcw å gbs `dwn-wgbs$ å gbs ab{bs bw snz`cw gbs nwncî{`n{bs suîonpbmbcw ohczbcs bcw{bwhs dbs kbddnfî{`cws ncwî{bssîs#

Nds uh{wb{hcw hswbcsnkdbmbcw db snfcb gnswncown u{îz å d „ {wnodb ?1$ å o÷wî gbsohdb{s c`wnhc`dbs$ s{ db{s òbs ncî{nb{b$ suî{nb{b bw d`wî{`dbs# Nds sb-{hcw ghwîs gb whwb `w{b snfc`dns`wnhc h mh~bc gb {bohcc`nss`cob qîs u`{òoh{g bcw{b dbs kbddnfî{`cws shnw ` gîkw$ shnw ` oh{s gbs ahswndnwîs#

_` òoh{g ohcw{`n{b$ db s{zhd g wb{{nwhn{b bccbmn h hoouî u`{ d„bccbmnsb{` ncwb{gnw#

Dbs `î{hcbs s`cnw`n{bs gbz{hcw hkîn{ å whwb shmm`wnhc g„`wwb{{n{# Bc o`sg„`wwb{{nss`fb `ncsn nmuhsî$ d„`î{hcb$ `zbo sbs hoou`cws$ uh{{` {bu{bcg{bshc zhd ù{ás ohcw{÷db îzbcwbd#

U{hwbownhc

@î{hcbs

s`cnw`n{bs

Knbcs

gbs shonîwîs

gb sbohr{s




Bc o`s g„`wwb{{nss`fb h{wnw s{ wb{{nwhn{b bccbmn h hoouî u`{ d„bccbmn$dbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs$ `ncsn pb d„îpnu`fb gb d„`î{hcb$ sb{hcw u{nshccnb{sgb fb{{b# Db ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b sb{` w{`nwî ohch{mîmbcw `q `{wnodbs ;7

bw snz`cws#

@nod ?6Dbs `î{hcbs s`cnw`n{bs gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw uh{{hcw$ shs {îsb{zb g gb-qnámb `dncî`$ s{zhdb{ db wb{{nwhn{b gbs Unss`cobs cbw{bs ~ `wwb{{n{ h `mb{-{n{ bc o`s gb cîobssnwî h uh{ ~ `n{b bso`db# Nds gbz{hcw chwnb{ u{î`d`kdbmbcw`q Unss`cobs cbw{bs db{ u`ss`fb s{ db{ wb{{nwhn{b bw hkîn{ å whwb shm-m`wnhc g„`wwb{{n{ h g„`mb{{n{# Nds cb sb{hcw å d„`k{n gbs `ww`pbs pb g{`cwdb{ zhd å gbs `dwnwgbs$ å gbs ab{bs bw snz`cw c nwncî{`n{b suîonpbmbcwohczbc bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw bw dbs Unss`cobs cbw{bs ncwî{bssîbs#

Whwbhns$ dbs Unss`cobs cbw{bs uh{{hcw qb{ gbs ohcgnwnhcs h {bsw{no-wnhcs p`cw ` s{zhd gb db{ wb{{nwhn{b u`{ dbs `î{hcbs s`cnw`n{bs h å db{`wwb{{nss`fb# Obs ohcgnwnhcs h {bsw{nownhcs îzbcwbddbs sb{hcw ùudnpîbsg„cb m`cná{b îf`db å whwbs dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

Dbs kdbssîs h m`d`gbs gîk`{pîs$ `zbo db ohcsbcwbmbcw gb d„`wh{nwî dho`db$s{ c wb{{nwhn{b cbw{b u`{ c `î{hcb s`cnw`n{b$ gbz{hcw$ å mhncs g„c `{-

{`cfbmbcw ohcw{`n{b gb d„w`w cbw{b `zbo dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw$ ìw{b f`{gîsu`{ d„w`w cbw{b$ dh{spb db g{hnw ncwb{c`wnhc`d db {bpnb{w$ gb m`cná{b p„ndscb unssbcw u`s gb chzb` u{bcg{b u`{w `q huî{`wnhcs gb d` fb{{b# Dbs{`ns g„ahsunw`dns`wnhc bw g„ncwb{cbmbcw sb{hcw suuh{wîs u`{ d` Unss`cobghcw gîubcgbcw dbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs#

OA@UNW[B ZNNG_FG_J

@nod ?1U`{ ahmm`fb uh{ d` _nssb$ db snfcb aî{`dgnpb gb d` o{hnq {hfb s{ hcgkd`co$ h{mî u`{ ncwb{zb{snhc gbs ohdb{s îgî{`dbs$ bsw m`ncwbc ohmmbbmkdámb bw snfcb gnswncown g _b{znob s`cnw`n{b gbs `{mîbs#

Whwbhns$ uh{ dbs u`~s pn bmudhnbcw gîlå ohmmb snfcb gnswncown å dùdòb gb d` o{hnq {hfb$ db o{hnss`cw {hfb h db dnhc bw db shdbnd {hfbs0 s{hcg kd`co$ obs bmkdámbs shcw îf`dbmbcw `gmns g`cs db sbcs gb d` u{îsbcwb

Ohczbcwnhc#

_nfcb gb d`

Ohczbcwnhc

0 Db fhzb{cbmbcw gb d„N{`c$ sbd u`~s pn bmudh~`nw db snfcb g dnhc bw g shdbnd {hfbs s{hcg kd`co ` `nw u`{w å d` _nssb$ w`w gîuhsnw`n{b gbs Ohczbcwnhcs gb Fbcázb$ bc g`wb g 7sbuwbmk{b 0>15$ gb d„`ghuwnhc g o{hnss`cw {hfb bc dnb bw udòb gb ob snfcb# Db gîuhsnw`n{bbc ` nch{mî dbs w`ws U`{wnbs `q Ohczbcwnhcs gb Fbcázb u`{ cb ohmmcno`wnhc g ;5howhk{b 0>15#

_r{zhd gbs

u`~s cbrw{bs#

Kdbssîs

gîk`{prîs



2; 0{b OhczBcwnhc

@nod ?>_hs db ohcw{÷db gb d„`wh{nwî mndnw`n{b ohmuîwbcwb$ d„bmkdámb f{b{` s{ dbsg{ùb`q$ dbs k{`ss`{gs `ncsn pb s{ whw db m wî{nbd sb {`wwòa`cw ` _b{znob

s`cnw`n{b#

@nod 75Db ub{shccbd znsî å d„`{wnodb ;7$ bw `q `{wnodbs ;: bw ;6$ uh{wb{`$ qî ` k{`sfòab$ c k{`ss`{g {îsnsw`cw å d„amngnwî bw mcn g snfcb gnswncown$ gîdn- z{î bw wnmk{î u`{ d„`wh{nwî mndnw`n{b#

Ob ub{shccbd$ hw{b d` ud`pb g„ngbcwnwî u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 0:$ sb{` îf`dbmbcwuh{wb{ g„cb o`{wb g„ngbcwnwî suîon`db mcnb g snfcb gnswncown#

Obwwb o`{wb gbz{` {îsnswb{ å d„amngnwî bw ìw{b gb gnmbcsnhcs wbddbs p„bddbunssb ìw{b mnsb g`cs d` uhoab# Bddb sb{` {îgnfîb g`cs d` d`cfb c`wnhc`db$mbcwnhccb{` ` mhncs dbs chms bw u{îchms$ d` g`wb gb c`nss`cob$ db f{`gb bwdb cmî{h m`w{nodb gb d„ncwî{bssî# Bddb îw`kdn{` bc pbddb p`dnwî nd ` g{hnw åd` u{hwbownhc gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc# D` o`{wb sb{` mcnb gb d` uahwhf{`-uanb g wnwd`n{b bw$ bc hw{b$ shnw gb s` snfc`w{b$ shnw gb sbs bmu{bncwbs gnfn-w`dbs$ shnw gbs gbq å d` hns# Bddb uh{wb{` db wnmk{b sbo gb d„`wh{nwî mndnw`n{b#

D` o`{wb g„ngbcwnwî gbz{` ìw{b cnh{mb g`cs oa`pb `{mîb bw `w`cw pb uhs-

snkdb g mìmb w~ub g`cs dbs `{mîbs gbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs# DbsU`{wnbs ` ohcjnw uh{{hcw s„ncsun{b{ g mhgádb `ccbqî å wnw{b g„bqbmudb åd` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc# Bddbs sb ohmmcnpb{hcw$ ` gîkw gbs ahswndnwîs$ dbmhgádb p„bddbs wndnsbcw# Oa`pb o`{wb g„ngbcwnwî sb{` îw`kdnb$ sn uhssnkdb$ bcgbq bqbmud`n{bs mhncs$ ghcw d„c sb{` ohcsb{zî u`{ d` Unss`cob g„h{nfncb#

Bc òc o`s$ db ub{shccbd mbcwnhccî on-gbsss cb uh{{` ìw{b u{nzî gb sbs nc-snfcbs cn gb s` o`{wb g„ngbcwnwî cn g g{hnw gb uh{wb{ shc k{`ss`{g# Bc o`s gb ub{wb$nd {` db g{hnw g„hkwbcn{ gbs gudno`w` gb d` o`{wb bw db {bmudòbmbcw gbs ncsnfcbs#

@nod 70Db ub{shccbd gîsnfcî å d„`{wnodb ;2 uh{wb{`$ sbdbmbcw ubcg`cw p„nd {bmudnwgbs hcownhcs s`cnw`n{bs$ c k{`ss`{g kd`co uh{w`cw bc shc mndnb db snfcb gns-wncown$ m`ns gb gnmbcsnhcs {îgnwbs$ gîdnz{î bw wnmk{î u`{ d„`wh{nwî mndnw`n{b#

Dbs unáobs g„ngbcwnwî mndnw`n{bs ghcw ob ub{shccbd sb{` uh{wb{ suîonb{hcwd„ncsw{ownhc s`cnw`n{b {bæb u`{ db wnwd`n{b$ db o`{òwá{b wbmuh{`n{b gb sbshcownhcs bw db g{hnw p„nd ` ` uh{w g k{`ss`{g#

@nod 7;Db g{ùb` gnswncown gb d` Ohczbcwnhc cb uh{{` ìw{b `{kh{î pb s{ dbsh{m`wnhcs bw dbs îw`kdnssbmbcws s`cnw`n{bs p„bddb h{ghccb gb {bsubowb{ bwsbdbmbcw `zbo db ohcsbcwbmbcw gb d „ wh{nwî mndnw`n{b#

Ngbcwno`wnhc

gr ub{shccbd

wbmuh{`n{b

_nfc`dns`wnhc

gbs h{m`-

wnhcs bw îw`-

kdnssbmbcws

Ngbcwno`wnhc

gr ub{shccbd

s`cnw`n{b bw

{bdnfnbrq

@uudno`wnhc

gr snfcb




G`cs dbs h{m`wnhcs mhkndbs ohmmb g`cs dbs îw`kdnssbmbcws qbs$ nd uh{{`ìw{b òohmu`fcî g g{ùb` c`wnhc`d gb d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw ghcw {bdázb d`h{m`wnhc h d„îw`kdnssbmbcw#

Whwbhns$ dbs h{m`wnhcs s`cnw`n{bs whmkîbs ` uhzhn{ gb d „bccbmn c„ {kh-{b{hcw pb db g{ùb` gb d` Ohczbcwnhc#

Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw u{bcg{hcw$ uh{ `w`cw pb dbs bqnfbcobs mndnw`n{bsdb ub{mbww{hcw$ dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ {bcg{b cbwwbmbcw znsnkdbs `qh{obs bccbmnbs wb{{bsw{bs$ `î{nbccbs bw m`{nwnmbs$ dbs bmkdámbs gnswncownssnfc`d`cw dbs h{m`wnhcs bw dbs îw`kdnssbmbcws s`cnw`n{bs$ bc zb g„îo`{wb{ dùhssnkndnwî gb whwb òwnhc `f{bssnzb#

@nod 7?Dbs h{m`wnhcs s`cnw`n{bs gbs u`~s cbw{bs pn$ g`cs dbs ohcgnwnhcs u{îzbsu`{ d „ {wnodb ;6$ `{`nbcw îwî `wh{nsîbs å u{ìwb{ db{s sb{znobs å c kbddnfî{`cw$gbz{hcw `{kh{b{$ `zbo db g{ùb` gb d` Ohczbcwnhc$ db g{ùb` c`wnhc`d gb obkbddnfî{`cw$ sn obdn-on sb gb d` òdwî pb dn ohcá{b d„`{wnodb 7;#

_` h{g{b ohcw{`n{b gb d„`wh{nwî mndnw`n{b ohmuîwbcwb$ bddbs uh{{hcw bcwhwbs on{ohcsw`cobs `{kh{b{ db{ g{ùb` c`wnhc`d$ mìmb sn bddbs whmkbcw` uhzhn{ gb d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb#

@nod 77D„bmkdámb gb d` o{hnq {hfb s{ hcg kd`co bw dbs mhws © o{hnq {hfb ¹ h© o{hnq gb Fbcázb ¹ cb uh{{hcw$ å d„bqobuwnhc gbs o`s znsîs g`cs dbs `dncî`ssnz`cws g u{îsbcw `{wnodb$ ìw{b bmudh~îs$ shnw bc wbmus gb u`nq$ shnw bcwbmus gb fb{{b$ pb uh{ gîsnfcb{ h u{hwîfb{ dbs h{m`wnhcs bw dbs îw`-kdnssbmbcws s`cnw`n{bs$ db ub{shccbd bw db m`wî{nbd u{hwîfîs u`{ d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc bw u`{ dbs `w{bs Ohczbcwnhcs ncwb{c`wnhc`dbs {îfd`cw sbmkd`kdb

m`wná{b# Nd bc sb{` gb mìmb bc ob pn ohcob{cb dbs bmkdámbs znsîs å d„`{wnodb?1$ gbqnámb `dncî`$ uh{ dbs u`~s pn dbs bmudhnbcw# Dbs _honîwîs c`wnhc`dbsgb d` O{hnq-[hfb bw dbs `w{bs shonîwîs znsîbs å d„`{wnodb ;: c„`{hcw g{hnw åd„s`fb g snfcb gnswncown ohcî{`cw d` u{hwbownhc gb d` Ohczbcwnhc pb g`csdb o`g{b gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb obw `dncî`#

Bc hw{b$ dbs _honîwîs c`wnhc`dbs gb d` O{hnq-[hfb !O{hnss`cw-[hfb$ Dnhcbw _hdbnd [hfbs. uh{{hcw bc wbmus gb u`nq$ ohch{mîmbcw å d` dîfnsd`wnhcc`wnhc`db$ `n{b s`fb g chm bw gb d„bmkdámb gb d` O{hnq-[hfb uh{ db{s

`w{bs òwnznwîs ohch{mbs `q u{nconubs h{mdîs u`{ dbs Ohcî{bcobs nc-wb{c`wnhc`dbs gb d` O{hnq-[hfb# Dh{spb obs òwnznwîs sb uh{snz{hcw bcwbmus gb fb{{b$ dbs ohcgnwnhcs gb d„bmudhn gb d„bmkdámb gbz{hcw ìw{b wbddbsp„nd cb unssb ìw{b ohcsngî{î ohmmb zns`cw å ohcî{b{ d` u{hwbownhc gb dÒhczbcwnhc 9 d„bmkdámb sb{` {bd`wnzbmbcw gb ubwnwbs gnmbcsnhcs bw nd cbuh{{` ìw{b ùuhsî s{ c k{`ss`{g h cb whnw{b#

_nfc`dns`wnhc

gbs h{m`-

wnhcs cbrw{bs

Dnmnw`wnhc

gb d„bmudhn

gr snfcb bw

bqobuwnhcs



27 0{b OhczBcwnhc

Dbs h{f`cnsmbs ncwb{c`wnhc`q gb d` O{hnq-[hfb bw db{ ub{shccbd gmbcwdîfnwnmî sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å sb sb{zn{ bc whw wbmus g snfcb gb d` o{hnq {hfbs{ hcg kd`co#

wnw{b bqobuwnhccbd$ ohch{mîmbcw å d` dîfnsd`wnhc c`wnhc`db$ bw `zbo d„`wh{n-s`wnhc bqu{bssb gb d„cb gbs _honîwîs c`wnhc`dbs gb d` O{hnq-[hfb !O{hnss`cw-[hfb$ Dnhc bw _hdbnd [hfbs.$ nd uh{{` ìw{b `nw s`fb gb d„bmkdámb gb dÒhczbcwnhc bc wbmus gb u`nq$ uh{ snfc`db{ dbs zîanodbs wndnsîs ohmmb m-kd`cobs bw uh{ m`{pb{ d„bmudòbmbcw gbs uhswbs gb sboh{s bqodsnzbmbcw{îsb{zîs `q shncs f{`wnws å ghccb{ å gbs kdbssîs h å gbs m`d`gbs#

OA@UNW[B ZNNNGD„GD`Z

@nod 72Oa`pb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw$ u`{ d„ncwb{mîgn`n{b gb sbs ohmm`cg`cws bc oab$`{` å uh{zhn{ `q gîw`nds g„bqîownhc gbs `{wnodbs u{îoîgbcws$ `ncsn p„`qo`s chc u{îzs$ ohch{mîmbcw `q u{nconubs fîcî{`q gb d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc#

@nod 7:Dbs mbs{bs gb {bu{îs`nddbs ohcw{b dbs kdbssîs$ dbs m`d`gbs$ db ub{shccbd$ dbskëwnmbcws h db m`wî{nbd u{hwîfîs u`{ d` Ohczbcwnhc shcw ncwb{gnwbs#

@nod 76Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bcf`fbcw å gnsb{ db uds d`{fbmbcw

uhssnkdb$ bc wbmus gb u`nq bw bc wbmus gb fb{{b$ db wbqwb gb d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc g`cs db{ u`~s {bsubowns$ bw chw`mmbcw å bc ncoh{uh{b{ d„îwgb

g`cs dbs u{hf{`mmbs g„ncsw{ownhc mndnw`n{b bw$ sn uhssnkdb$ onzndb$ gb wbddbm`cná{b pb dbs u{nconubs bc shnbcw ohccs gb d„bcsbmkdb gb d` uhud`wnhc$chw`mmbcw gbs h{obs `{mîbs ohmk`ww`cwbs$ g ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b bw gbs`m÷cnb{s#

@nod 71Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs sb ohmmcnpb{hcw u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gOhcsbnd îgî{`d snssb bw$ ubcg`cw dbs ahswndnwîs$ u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gbs Unss`cobs

u{hwbow{nobs dbs w{`gownhcs honbddbs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ `ncsn pb dbsdhns bw {áfdbmbcws p„bddbs uh{{hcw ìw{b `mbcîbs å `ghuwb{ uh{ bc `ss{b{d„ùudno`wnhc#

Gîw`nds

g„bqîorwnhc

bw o`s chc

u{îzrs

Ncwb{gnownhc

gbs

{bu{îs`nddbs

Gnrsnhc

gb d`

Ohczbcwnhc

W{`grownhcs#

Dhns

g„ùudno`wnhc




OA@UNW[B Nq GD`__G_`K_G_J`_

@nod 7>Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bcf`fbcw å u{bcg{b whwb mbs{b dîfns-d`wnzb cîobss`n{b uh{ qb{ dbs s`cownhcs uîc`dbs `gîp`wbs å ùudnpb{ `qub{shccbs `~`cw ohmmns$ h ghccî d„h{g{b gb ohmmbww{b$ d„cb h d„`w{bgbs nc{òwnhcs f{`zbs å d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc gîcnbs å d„`{wnodb snz`cw#

Oa`pb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb `{` d„hkdnf`wnhc gb {boab{oab{ dbs ub{shccbsu{îzbcbs g„`zhn{ ohmmns$ h g„`zhn{ h{ghccî gb ohmmbww{b$ d„cb hd„`w{b gb obs nc{òwnhcs f{`zbs$ bw bddb gbz{` dbs gîî{b{ å sbs u{hu{bs w{n-

kc`q$ pbddb pb shnw db{ c`wnhc`dnwî# Bddb uh{{` `ssn$ sn bddb db u{îá{b$bw sbdhc dbs ohcgnwnhcs u{îzbs u`{ s` u{hu{b dîfnsd`wnhc$ dbs {bmbww{b uh{ lfbmbcw å cb `w{b U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb ncwî{bssîb å d` uh{snwb$ uh{ `-w`cw pb obwwb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb `nw {bwbc ohcw{b dbsgnwbs ub{shccbs gbsoa`{fbs ss`cwbs#

Oa`pb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb u{bcg{` dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ `n{b obs-sb{ dbs òwbs ohcw{`n{bs `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ `w{bspb dbs nc{òwnhcs f{`zbs gîcnbs å d„`{wnodb snz`cw#

Bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs$ dbs ncoduîs kîcîonb{hcw gb f`{`cwnbs gb u{hoîg{bbw gb dnk{b gîbcsb pn cb sb{hcw u`s ncî{nb{bs å obddbs u{îzbs u`{ dbs `{-wnodbs 052 bw snz`cws gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb {bd`wnzb ` w{`nwbmbcw gbsu{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b g 0; `hw 0>7>#

@nod 25Dbs nc{òwnhcs f{`zbs znsîbs å d„`{wnodb u{îoîgbcw shcw obddbs pn ohmuh{wbcwd„c h d„`w{b gbs òwbs snz`cws$ s„nd shcw ohmmns ohcw{bs gbs ub{shccbs h

gbs knbcs u{hwîfîs u`{ d` Ohczbcwnhc < d„ahmnongb ncwbcwnhccbd$ d` wh{w{b hdbs w{`nwbmbcws ncam`ncs$ ~ ohmu{ns dbs bquî{nbcobs knhdhfnpbs$ db `nw gbo`sb{ ncwbcwnhccbddbmbcw gb f{`cgbs sh{`cobs h gb uh{wb{ gbs `wwbncwbsf{`zbs å d„ncwîf{nwî ua~snpb h å d` s`cwî$ d` gbsw{ownhc bw d„ùu{hu{n`wnhc gbknbcs$ chc lswnîbs u`{ gbs cîobssnwîs mndnw`n{bs bw bqîowîbs s{ cb f{`cgbîoabddb gb `æhc nddnonwb bw `{knw{`n{b#

@nod 20ocb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb cb uh{{` s„bqhcî{b{ bddb-mìmb$ cn bqhcî{b{ cb`w{b U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb$ gbs {bsuhcs`kndnwîs bcoh{bs u`{ bddb-mìmb hu`{ cb `w{b U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb bc {`nshc gbs nc{òwnhcs u{îzbs å d„`{wnodbu{îoîgbcw#

NN# Nc{òwnhcs

f{`zbs

NNN# [bsuhc-

s`kndnwîs

gbs U`{wnbs

ohcw{òw`cwbs

_`cownhcs

uîc`dbs

N# Fîcî{`dnwîs



2: 0{b OhczBcwnhc

@nod 2; d` gbm`cgb g„cb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw$ cb bcpìwb gbz{` ìw{b hzb{wb$ sbdhcdb mhgb å qb{ bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ncwî{bssîbs$ ` slbw gb whwb znhd`wnhc `ddî-

fîb gb d` Ohczbcwnhc#_n c òoh{g s{ d` u{hoîg{b g„bcpìwb c„bsw u`s {î`dnsî$ dbs U`{wnbs s„bcwbc-g{hcw uh{ oahnsn{ c `{knw{b$ pn gîongb{` gb d` u{hoîg{b å snz{b#

rcb hns d` znhd`wnhc ohcsw`wîb$ dbs U`{wnbs ohcjnw ~ mbww{hcw c bw d` {îu{n-mb{hcw db uds {ùngbmbcw uhssnkdb#

@nod 2?D„bmudhn u`{ gbs u`{wnodnb{s$ shonîwîs h m`nshcs gb ohmmb{ob w`cw u-

kdnpbs pb u{nzîbs$ `w{bs pb obq ~ `~`cw g{hnw bc zb{w gb d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc$ gb d„bmkdámb h gb d` gîchmnc`wnhc gb © o{hnq {hfb ¹ h gb© o{hnq gb Fbcázb ¹$ gb mìmb pb gb whw snfcb h gb whwb gîchmnc`wnhc bcohcswnw`cw cb nmnw`wnhc$ sb{` ncwb{gnw bc whw wbmus$ pbd pb shnw db kw gbobw bmudhn bw pbddb p„`nw u bc ìw{b d` g`wb `cwî{nb{b g„`ghuwnhc#

Bc {`nshc gb d„ahmm`fb {bcg å d` _nssb u`{ d„`ghuwnhc gbs ohdb{s îgî-{`dbs ncwb{zb{wnbs bw gb d` ohcsnhc pn ubw c`ãw{b bcw{b dbs `{mhn{nbs gb d`_nssb bw db snfcb gnswncown gb d` Ohczbcwnhc$ d„bmudhn u`{ gbs u`{wnodnb{s$

shonîwîs h m`nshcs gb ohmmb{ob$ gbs `{mhn{nbs gb d` Ohcîgî{`wnhc snssb$gb mìmb pb gb whw snfcb bc ohcswnw`cw cb nmnw`wnhc$ shnw ohmmb m`{pbgb `k{npb h gb ohmmb{ob h ohmmb îdîmbcw gb obs m`{pbs$ shnw g`csc kw ohcw{`n{b å d` dh~`wî ohmmb{on`db$ shnw g`cs gbs ohcgnwnhcs ssobu-wnkdbs gb kdbssb{ db sbcwnmbcw c`wnhc`d snssb$ sb{` ncwb{gnw bc whw wbmus#

Whwbhns$ dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs pn c„îw`nbcw u`s u`{wnbs å dÒhczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb g ;6 lnddbw 0>;> uh{{hcw òoh{gb{ `q s`fbs`cwî{nb{s gbs bmkdámbs$ gîchmnc`wnhcs h m`{pbs znsîs ` u{bmnb{ `dn-

cî`$ c gîd`n m`qnmm gb w{hns `cs$ gás d„bcw{îb bc znfb{ gb d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc$ uh{ bc `k`cghccb{ d„s`fb$ îw`cw bcwbcg pb ubcg`cw ob gî-d`n$ d„s`fb cb uh{{` ùu`{`ãw{b$ bc wbmus gb fb{{b$ ohmmb zns`cw å ohcî-{b{ d` u{hwbownhc gb d` Ohczbcwnhc#

D„ncwb{gnownhc îw`kdnb u`{ db u{bmnb{ `dncî` gb obw `{wnodb s„ùudnpb îf`db-mbcw$ s`cs bbw s{ dbs g{hnws òpns gbs s`fb{s `cwî{nb{s$ `q bmkdámbs bwgîchmnc`wnhcs u{îzs ` gbqnámb `dncî` gb d„`{wnodb ?1#

@nod 27Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs$ ghcw d` dîfnsd`wnhc cb sb{`nw u`s gás å u{î-sbcw ss`cwb$ u{bcg{hcw dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ bmuìoab{ bw {îu{n-mb{ bc whw wbmus dbs `ks znsîs å d „ {wnodb 2?#

U{îzbcwnhc

gbs bmudhns

`krsns

@krs gr

snfcb

U{hoîgr{b

g„bcprìwb




G___J`D_

@nod 22

D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bsw îw`kdnb bc {`cæ`ns bw bc `cfd`ns# Dbs gbq wbqwbsshcw îf`dbmbcw wabcwnpbs#

Db Ohcsbnd îgî{`d snssb b{` îw`kdn{ gbs w{`gownhcs honbddbs gb dÒhczbcwnhc bc d`cfb {ssb bw bc d`cfb bsu`fchdb#

@nod 2:D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ pn uh{wb{` d` g`wb gb ob lh{$ uh{{`$ lsp„` 0;îz{nb{ 0>25$ ìw{b snfcîb ` chm gbs Unss`cobs {bu{îsbcwîbs å d` Ohcî{bcob

pn s„bsw hzb{wb å Fbcázb db ;0 `z{nd 0>7>$ `ncsn pb gbs Unss`cobs chc {b-u{îsbcwîbs å obwwb Ohcî{bcob pn u`{wnonubcw `q Ohczbcwnhcs gb Fbcázbgb 01:7$ gb 0>5: h gb 0>;>$ uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbsm`d`gbs g`cs dbs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb#

@nod 26D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc sb{` {`wnîb `ssnw÷w pb uhssnkdb bw dbs {`wno`wnhcssb{hcw gîuhsîbs å Kb{cb#

Nd sb{` g{bssî g gîu÷w gb oa`pb ncsw{mbcw gb {`wno`wnhc c u{hoás-zb{-k`d ghcw cb ohunb$ ob{wnîb ohch{mb$ sb{` {bmnsb u`{ db Ohcsbnd îgî{`dsnssb å whwbs dbs Unss`cobs ` chm gbspbddbs d` Ohczbcwnhc `{` îwî sn-fcîb h d„ gaîsnhc chwnîb#

@nod 21D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bcw{b{` bc znfb{ snq mhns ù{ás pb gbq ncsw{-mbcws gb {`wno`wnhc ` mhncs `{hcw îwî gîuhsîs#

rdwî{nb{bmbcw$ bddb bcw{b{` bc znfb{ uh{ oa`pb A`wb U`{wnb ohcw{ò-w`cwb snq mhns ù{ás db gîu÷w gb shc ncsw{mbcw gb {`wno`wnhc#

@nod 2>D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc {bmudòb dbs Ohczbcwnhcs g ;; `hùw 01:7$ g :

lnddbw 0>5: bw g ;6 lnddbw 0>;> g`cs dbs {ùuh{ws bcw{b dbs A`wbs U`{wnbsohcw{òw`cwbs#

@nod :5Gás d` g`wb gb shc bcw{îb bc znfb{$ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc sb{` hzb{wb åd„`gaîsnhc gb whwb Unss`cob ` chm gb d`pbddb obwwb Ohczbcwnhc c„`{ù`s îwî snfcîb#

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21 0{b OhczBcwnhc

@nod :0Dbs `gaîsnhcs sb{hcw chwnîbs u`{ îo{nw ` Ohcsbnd îgî{`d snssb bw u{hgn-{hcw db{s bbws snq mhns ù{ás d` g`wb å d`pbddb bddbs dn sb{hcw u`{zbcbs#

Db Ohcsbnd îgî{`d snssb ohmmcnpb{` dbs gaîsnhcs å whwbs dbs Unss`cobs` chm gbspbddbs d` Ohczbcwnhc `{` îwî snfcîb h d„`gaîsnhc chwnîb#

@nod :;Dbs snw`wnhcs u{îzbs `q `{wnodbs ; bw ? ghccb{hcw bbw nmmîgn`w `q {`wn-o`wnhcs gîuhsîbs bw `q `gaîsnhcs chwnîbs u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw `z`cwh u{ás db gîkw gbs ahswndnwîs h gb d„hoou`wnhc# D` ohmmcno`wnhc gbs {`-wno`wnhcs h `gaîsnhcs {bæbs gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw sb{` `nwb u`{ db Ohcsbnd

îgî{`d snssb u`{ d` zhnb d` uds {ùngb#

@nod :?Oaòcb gbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs `{` d` òdwî gb gîchcob{ d` u{î-sbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

D` gîchcon`wnhc sb{` chwnîb u`{ îo{nw ` Ohcsbnd îgî{`d snssb# Obdn-onohmmcnpb{` d` chwno`wnhc `q Fhzb{cbmbcws gb whwbs dbs A`wbsU`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs#

D` gîchcon`wnhc u{hgn{` sbs bbws c `c ù{ás s` chwno`wnhc ` Ohcsbndîgî{`d snssb# Whwbhns$ d` gîchcon`wnhc chwnîb `dh{s pb d` Unss`cob gî-chcæ`cwb bsw nmudnpîb g`cs c ohcjnw cb u{hgn{` òc bbw `ssn dhcf-wbmus pb d` u`nq c„ {` u`s îwî ohcodb bw$ bc whw o`s$ `ssn dhcfwbmus pbdbs huî{`wnhcs gb dnkî{`wnhc bw gb {ù`w{nbmbcw gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs u`{d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc cb sb{hcw u`s wb{mncîbs#

D` gîchcon`wnhc z`g{` sbdbmbcw å d„îf`{g gb d` Unss`cob gîchcæ`cwb# Bddbc„`{` òc bbw s{ dbs hkdnf`wnhcs pb dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw gbmb{b{hcw

wbcbs gb {bmudn{ bc zb{w gbs u{nconubs g g{hnw gbs fbcs wbds p„nds {îsd-wbcw gbs s`fbs îw`kdns bcw{b c`wnhcs onzndnsîbs$ gbs dhns gb d„am`cnwî bw gbsbqnfbcobs gb d` ohcsonbcob ukdnpb#

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@nod :7Db Ohcsbnd îgî{`d snssb b{` bc{bfnsw{b{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc ` _bo{î-w`{n`w gbs C`wnhcs rcnbs# Db Ohcsbnd îgî{`d snssb nch{mb{` îf`dbmbcw db

_bo{îw`{n`w gbs C`wnhcs rcnbs gb whwbs dbs {`wno`wnhcs$ `gaîsnhcs bw gîchc-on`wnhcs p„nd uh{{` {bobzhn{ ` slbw gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

Bc jh gb prh dbs shssnfcîbs$ `~`cw gîuhsî db{s udbncs uhzhn{s {bsubo-wns$ hcw snfcî d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

J`w å Fbcázb$ db 0; `hw 0>7>$ bc d`cfbs {`cæ`nsb bw `cfd`nsb$ d„h{nfnc`dgbz`cw ìw{b gîuhsî g`cs dbs {oanzbs gb d` Ohcîgî{`wnhc snssb# Db Ohcsbndîgî{`d snssb w{`csmbww{` cb ohunb ob{wnîb ohch{mb gb d` Ohczbcwnhcå oaòc gbs w`ws snfc`w`n{bs$ `ncsn p„`q w`ws pn `{hcw `gaî{î å d`

Ohczbcwnhc#

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:5 0{b OhczBcwnhc

@nod 0Dbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs sb{hcw {îsb{zîbs sw{nowbmbcw `q ub{shccbs mbcwnhccîbs å d„`{wnodb ;? gbd` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs g`cs dbs h{obs`{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb g 0; `hùw 0>7>$ `ncsn p„` ub{shccbd oa`{fî gb d„h{f`cns`wnhc bw gb d„`g-mncnsw{`wnhc gb obs |hcbs bw dho`dnwîs bw gbs shncs å ghccb{ `q ub{shccbs pn s„~ w{hzb{hcw

ohcobcw{îbs#Whwbhns$ dbs ub{shccbs pn hcw db{ {îsngbcob ub{m`cbcwb å d„ncwî{nb{ gb obs |hcbs `{hcwdb g{hnw g„~ sîlh{cb{#

@nod ;Dbs ub{shccbs sb w{hz`cw$ å pbdpb wnw{b pb ob shnw$ g`cs cb |hcb s`cnw`n{b$ cb gbz{hcw sbdnz{b{ å òc w{`z`nd pn `{`nw c {ùuh{w gn{bow `zbo dbs huî{`wnhcs mndnw`n{bs h d` u{hgo-wnhc g m`wî{nbd gb fb{{b cn å d„ncwî{nb{ cn å d„bqwî{nb{ gb obwwb |hcb#

@nod ?D` Unss`cob pn o{îb cb |hcb s`cnw`n{b u{bcg{` whwbs mbs{bs ùu{hu{nîbs uh{ bc ncwb{-gn{b d „ ooás å whwbs dbs ub{shccbs pn c„hcw u`s db g{hnw gb s„~ {bcg{b h gb s„~ w{hzb{#

@nod 7Dbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs {îuhcg{hcw `q ohcgnwnhcs snz`cwbs <`. bddbs cb {bu{îsbcwb{hcw p„cb `nkdb u`{wnb g wb{{nwhn{b ohcw{÷dî u`{ d` Unss`cob pn dbs

` o{îîbs 9k. bddbs gbz{hcw ìw{b `nkdbmbcw ubudîbs u`{ {ùuh{w å db{ uhssnkndnwî g„òobnd 9o. bddbs sb{hcw îdhnfcîbs bw gîuh{zbs gb whw hklbown mndnw`n{b bw gb whwb ncsw`dd`wnhc nc-

gsw{nbddb h `gmncnsw{`wnzb nmuh{w`cwb 9g. bddbs cb sb{hcw u`s snwîbs g`cs gbs {îfnhcs pn$ sbdhc whwb u{hk`kndnwî$ ubzbcw `zhn{ cb

nmuh{w`cob uh{ d` ohcgnwb gb d` fb{{b#

@nod 2Dbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs sb{hcw shmnsbs `q hkdnf`wnhcs snz`cwbs <

`. dbs zhnbs gb ohmmcno`wnhc bw dbs mh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w p„bddbs ubzbcw ohmuh{wb{ cbsb{hcw u`s wndnsîs uh{ gbs gîudòbmbcws gb ub{shccbd h gb m`wî{nbd mndnw`n{b$ mìmbbc snmudb w{`csnw 9

k. bddbs cb sb{hcw mndnw`n{bmbcw gîbcgbs bc òcb on{ohcsw`cob#

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DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> :0

@nod :Dbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs sb{hcw gîsnfcîbs u`{ gbs o{hnq {hfbs !o{hnss`cws {hfbs$ dnhcs bw shdbnds{hfbs. s{ hcg kd`co ùuhsîbs å d` uî{nuaî{nb bw s{ dbs këwnmbcws#

Gb cnw$ bddbs uh{{hcw d„ìw{b îf`dbmbcw u`{ c îod`n{`fb ùu{hu{nî#

@nod 6Gás db wbmus gb u`nq h å d„hzb{w{b gbs ahswndnwîs$ oa`pb Unss`cob ohmmcnpb{` åwhwbs dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs$ d` dnswb gbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs îw`kdnbs s{ db wb{{nwhn{bp„bddb ohcw{÷db# Bddb dbs nch{mb{` gb whwb chzbddb |hcb o{îîb ` oh{s g„c ohcjnw#

Gás pb d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb `{` {bæ d` chwno`wnhc mbcwnhccîb on-gbsss$ d` |hcb sb{` {îf-dná{bmbcw ohcswnwîb#

_n$ whwbhns$ d` u`{wb `gzb{sb bswnmb p„cb gbs ohcgnwnhcs uhsîbs u`{ db u{îsbcw òoh{g c„bswm`cnbswbmbcw u`s {bmudnb$ bddb uh{{` {bsb{ gb {bohcc`ãw{b d` |hcb bc ohmmcnp`cwg„{fbcob shc {bs å d` u`{wnb ghcw {bdázb d` |hcb$ h skh{ghccb{ s` {bohcc`nss`cob å d„ncs-wnwwnhc g ohcw{÷db u{îz å d„`{wnodb 1#

@nod 1Oa`pb Unss`cob$ pn `{` {bohcc cb h udsnb{s |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs îw`kdnbs u`{ d` u`{wnb`gzb{sb$ `{` db g{hnw gb gbm`cgb{ p„cb h udsnb{s ohmmnssnhcs suîon`dbs ohcw{÷dbcw sn

dbs |hcbs {bmudnssbcw dbs ohcgnwnhcs bw hkdnf`wnhcs îchcoîbs g`cs db u{îsbcw òoh{g#

obw bbw$ dbs mbmk{bs gbs ohmmnssnhcs suîon`dbs `{hcw bc whw wbmus dnk{b òoás `qgnî{bcwbs |hcbs bw uh{{hcw mìmb ~ {îsngb{ gb `æhc ub{m`cbcwb# Whwb òndnwî db{ sb{`òoh{gîb uh{ p„nds unssbcw bqb{ob{ db{ mnssnhc gb ohcw{÷db#

@nod > o`s hþ dbs ohmmnssnhcs suîon`dbs ohcsw`wb{`nbcw gbs `nws pn db{ u`{`ãw{`nbcw ohcw{`n{bs`q swnud`wnhcs g u{îsbcw òoh{g$ bddbs bc `zb{wn{`nbcw nmmîgn`wbmbcw d` Unss`cob ghcw

{bdázb d` |hcb bw dn nmu`{wn{`nbcw c gîd`n gb oncp lh{s ` m`qnmm uh{ ~ {bmîgnb{ 9 bddbsbc nch{mb{hcw d` Unss`cob pn ` {bohcc d` |hcb#

_n$ å d„bqun{`wnhc gb ob gîd`n$ d` Unss`cob ghcw gîubcg d` |hcb c„` u`s ghccî snwb å d„`zb{-wnssbmbcw pn dn ` îwî `g{bssî$ d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb uh{{` gîod`{b{ p„bddb c„bsw uds dnîb u`{ dbu{îsbcw òoh{g å d„îf`{g gb obwwb |hcb#

@nod 05D` Unss`cob pn `{` o{îî cb h udsnb{s |hcbs bw dho`dnwîs s`cnw`n{bs$ `ncsn pb dbs u`{wnbs

`gzb{sbs `qpbddbs db{ bqnswbcob `{` îwî chwnîb$ chmmb{hcw$ h b{hcw gîsnfcb{ u`{ gbsUnss`cobs cbw{bs dbs ub{shccbs pn uh{{hcw `n{b u`{wnb gbs ohmmnssnhc suîon`dbs ghcw ndbsw `nw mbcwnhc `q `{wnodb 1 bw >#



:; DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7>

@nod 00Dbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs cb uh{{hcw$ bc òcb on{ohcsw`cob$ ìw{b `ww`pîbs$ m`ns sb{hcw bc whwwbmus u{hwîfîbs bw {bsubowîbs u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

@nod 0;Bc o`s g„hoou`wnhc g„c wb{{nwhn{b$ dbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs pn s„~ w{hzbcw gbz{hcw ohcwncb{ åìw{b {bsubowîbs bw wndnsîbs ohmmb wbddbs#

Obubcg`cw$ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb uh{{` bc mhgnb{ d „ bow`wnhc ù{ás `zhn{ `ss{î db sh{wgbs ub{shccbs pn ~ îw`nbcw {bobnddnbs#

@nod 0?

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OA@UNW[B NG___F`D_

@nod 0Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bcf`fbcw å {bsubowb{ bw å `n{b {bsubowb{ dù{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs#






0. Dbs ub{shccbs pn cb u`{wnonubcw u`s gn{bowbmbcw `q ahswndnwîs$ ~ ohm-u{ns dbs mbmk{bs gb h{obs `{mîbs pn hcw gîuhsî dbs `{mbs bw dbs ub{-shccbs pn hcw îwî mnsbs ah{s gb ohmk`w u`{ m`d`gnb$ kdbss{b$ gîwbc-wnhc$ h uh{ whwb `w{b o`sb$ sb{hcw$ bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs$ w{`nwîbs`zbo am`cnwî$ s`cs òcb gnswncownhc gb o`{òwá{b gî`zh{`kdb k`sîb

OHCZBCWNHC GB FBCÁZBUHR[ D„@MÎDNH[@WNHC GR _H[W GB_ KDB__Î_$ GB_ M@D@GB_ BWGB_ C@RJ[@FÎ_ GB_ JH[OB_ @[MÎB_ _R[ MB[ GR 0; @HùW 0>7>

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:: ;b OhczBcwnhc

s{ d` {òb$ d` ohdb{$ d` {bdnfnhc h d` o{h~`cob$ db sbqb$ d` c`nss`cob hd` h{wcb$ h whw `w{b o{nwá{b `c`dhfb#

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amndn`cws bw gîf{`g`cws 9g. dbs ohcg`mc`wnhcs u{hchcoîbs bw dbs bqîownhcs bbowîbs s`cs c

lfbmbcw u{î`d`kdb$ {bcg u`{ c w{nkc`d {îfdná{bmbcw ohcswnwî$`ssh{wn gbs f`{`cwnbs lgnon`n{bs {bohccbs ohmmb ncgnsubcs`kdbsu`{ dbs ubudbs onzndnsîs#

;. Dbs kdbssîs$ dbs m`d`gbs bw dbs c`{`fîs sb{hcw {bobnddns bw shnfcîs#

rc h{f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b nmu`{wn`d$ wbd pb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb dÒ{hnq-[hfb$ uh{{` h{n{ sbs sb{znobs `q U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s„bh{ob{hcw$ g„`w{b u`{w$ gb mbww{b bc znfb{ u`{ zhnb g„òoh{gs suîon`q whw h u`{wnb gbs `w{bs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc#

D„ùudno`wnhc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs pn u{îoágbcw c„`{` u`s g„bbw s{ db sw`ww l{ngnpb gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

@nod 7Bc o`s g„huî{`wnhcs gb fb{{b bcw{b dbs h{obs gb wb{{b bw gb mb{ gbs U`{wnbs` ohcjnw$ dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc cb sb{hcw ùudno`kdbsp„ q h{obs bmk`{pîbs#

Dbs h{obs gîk`{pîbs sb{hcw nmmîgn`wbmbcw shmnsbs `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gbd` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbsg`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb g 0; `hw 0>7>#

@nod 2Dbs Unss`cobs cbw{bs uudnpb{hcw u`{ c`dhfnb dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc `q kdbssîs$ m`d`gbs bw c`{`fîs$ `q mbmk{bs g ub{shccbd s`-cnw`n{b bw {bdnfnbq$ ùu`{wbc`cw `q h{obs `{mîbs gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw$ pnsb{hcw {bæs h ncwb{cîs s{ db{ wb{{nwhn{b$ gb mìmb p„`q mh{ws {bobnddns#

@nod :Bc gbah{s gbs òoh{gs bqu{bssîmbcw u{îzs u`{ dbs `{wnodbs 05$ 01$ ?0$ ?1$?>$ 75$ 7? bw 2?$ dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs uh{{hcw ohcod{b g„`w{bs

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cbd s`cnw`n{b bw {bdnfnbq$ wbddb p„bddb bsw {îfdîb u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$cn {bsw{bncg{b dbs g{hnws pb obddb-on db{ òoh{gb#

Dbs kdbssîs$ m`d`gbs bw c`{`fîs$ `ncsn pb dbs mbmk{bs g ub{shccbd s`cn-w`n{b bw {bdnfnbq$ {bswb{hcw ` kîcîob gb obs òoh{gs `ssn dhcfwbmus pbd` Ohczbcwnhc db{ bsw ùudno`kdb$ s` swnud`wnhcs ohcw{`n{bs ohcwbcbs bq-u{bssîmbcw g`cs dbs ssgnws òoh{gs h g`cs gbs òoh{gs dwî{nb{s$ h îf`-dbmbcw s` mbs{bs uds `zh{`kdbs u{nsbs å db{ îf`{g u`{ d„cb h d„`w{bgbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

@nod 6Dbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs$ `ncsn pb dbs mbmk{bs g ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b bw {bdn-fnbq$ cb uh{{hcw bc òc o`s {bchcob{ u`{wnbddbmbcw h whw`dbmbcw `qg{hnws pb db{ ss{bcw d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bw$ db o`s îoaî`cw$ dbs ooh{gssuîon`q znsîs å d„`{wnodb u{îoîgbcw#

@nod 1D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc sb{` ùudnpîb `zbo db ohcoh{s bw shs db ohcw{÷dbgbs Unss`cob u{hwbow{nobs oa`{fîbs gb s`zbf`{gb{ dbs ncwî{ìws gbs U`{wnbs` ohcjnw# obw bbw$ dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs uh{{hcw$ bc gbah{s gbdb{ ub{shccbd gnudhm`wnpb h ohcsd`n{b$ gîsnfcb{ gbs gîdîfîs u`{mndb{s u{hu{bs {bssh{wnss`cws h u`{mn dbs {bssh{wnss`cws g„`w{bs Unss`cobscbw{bs# Obs gîdîfîs gbz{hcw ìw{b shmns å d„`f{îmbcw gb d` Unss`cob `-u{ás gb d`pbddb nds bqb{ob{hcw db{ mnssnhc#


Dbs {bu{îsbcw`cws h gîdîfîs gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs cb gbz{hcw bc `-oc o`s gîu`ssb{ dbs dnmnwbs gb db{ mnssnhc$ wbddb p„bddb {bssh{w gb d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc 9 nds gbz{hcw chw`mmbcw wbcn{ ohmuwb gbs cîobssnwîs nmuî{nbsbsgb sîo{nwî gb d„w`w ù{ás gpbd nds bqb{obcw db{s hcownhcs# _bds gbs bqn-fbcobs mndnw`n{bs nmuî{nbsbs ubzbcw `wh{nsb{$ å wnw{b bqobuwnhccbd bw wbm-uh{`n{b$ cb {bsw{nownhc gb db{ òwnznwî#

@nod >

Dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc cb hcw u`s hkswòdb `q òwnznwîsam`cnw`n{bs pb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb$ `ncsn pb whw`w{b h{f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b nmu`{wn`d$ bcw{bu{bcg{` uh{ d` u{hwbownhc gbskdbssîs$ m`d`gbs bw c`{`fîs$ `ncsn pb gbs mbmk{bs g ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{bbw {bdnfnbq$ bw uh{ dbs sboh{s å db{ ùuh{wb{$ mh~bcc`cw d„`f{îmbcw gbsU`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ncwî{bssîbs#

Nc`dnîc`kndnwî

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:1 ;b OhczBcwnhc

@nod 05Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs uh{{hcw$ bc whw wbmus$ s„bcwbcg{b uh{ohcb{ å c h{f`cnsmb u{îsbcw`cw whwbs f`{`cwnbs g„nmu`{wn`dnwî bw g„boòn-

wî dbs wëoabs gîzhdbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc q Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs#_n dbs kdbssîs$ m`d`gbs bw c`{`fîs$ h gbs mbmk{bs g ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{bbw {bdnfnbq$ cb kîcîonbcw u`s h cb kîcîonbcw uds$ pbddb p„bc shnw d`{`nshc$ gb d„òwnznwî g„cb Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob h g„c h{f`cnsmb gîsnfcîohch{mîmbcw å d„`dncî` u{bmnb{$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gbz{` gbm`cgb{shnw å c w`w cbw{b$ shnw å c wbd h{f`cnsmb$ g„`ssmb{ dbs hcownhcs gîzh-dbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc `q Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs gîsnfcîbs u`{dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

_n cb u{hwbownhc cb ubw ìw{b `ncsn `ss{îb$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gbz{`gbm`cgb{ å c h{f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b$ wbd pb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gbd` O{hnq-[hfb$ g„`ssmb{ dbs wëoabs am`cnw`n{bs gîzhdbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc `q Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs h gbz{` òobuwb{$ shs {îsb{zbgbs gnsuhsnwnhcs g u{îsbcw `{wnodb$ dbs h{bs gb sb{znobs îm`c`cw g„c wbdh{f`cnsmb#

Whwb Unss`cob cbw{b h whw h{f`cnsmb ncznwî u`{ d` Unss`cob ncwî{bs-sîb h s„h{`cw `q cs ssmbcwnhccîbs gbz{`$ g`cs shc òwnznwî$ {bswb{

ohcsonbcw gb s` {bsuhcs`kndnwî bczb{s d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw ghcw {bdázbcw dbsub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ bw gbz{` h{cn{ gbs f`-{`cwnbs ss`cwbs gb oùònwî uh{ `ssmb{ dbs hcownhcs bc pbswnhc bw dbs{bmudn{ `zbo nmu`{wn`dnwî#

Nd cb uh{{` ìw{b gî{hfî `q gnsuhsnwnhcs pn u{îoágbcw u`{ òoh{g u`{wno-dnb{ bcw{b gbs Unss`cobs ghcw d„cb sb w{hzb{`nw$ mìmb wbmuh{`n{bmbcw$ zns-å-zns gb d „ w{b Unss`cob h gb sbs `ddnîbs$ dnmnwîb g`cs s` dnkb{wî gb cî-fhon`wnhc u`{ snwb gbs îzîcbmbcws mndnw`n{bs$ chw`mmbcw bc o`s g„cb ho-

ou`wnhc gb d` whw`dnwî h g„cb u`{wnb nmuh{w`cwb gb shc wb{{nwhn{b#Whwbs dbs hns p„nd bsw `nw mbcwnhc g`cs d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc gb dÙnss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ obwwb mbcwnhc gîsnfcb îf`dbmbcw dbs h{f`cnsmbs pnd` {bmudòbcw ` sbcs g u{îsbcw `{wnodb#

@nod 00G`cs whs dbs o`s hþ bddbs db lfb{hcw wndb g`cs d„ncwî{ìw gbs ub{shccbs u{h-wîfîbs$ chw`mmbcw bc o`s gb gîsòoh{g bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s{ d„ù-

udno`wnhc h d„ncwb{u{îw`wnhc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ dbsUnss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs u{ìwb{hcw db{s khcs hobs `q cs gb {áfdbmbcw ggnî{bcg#

obw bbw$ oaòcb gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs uh{{`$ s{ d „ncznw`wnhc g„cbU`{wnb h suhcw`cîmbcw$ u{huhsb{ `q U`{wnbs bc ohcjnw cb {îcnhc gb db{s{bu{îsbcw`cws bw$ bc u`{wnodnb{$ gbs `wh{nwîs oa`{fîbs g sh{w gbs kdbssîs$

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{hcw `nwbs g`cs ob sbcs# Dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs uh{{hcw$ db o`s îoaî`cw$u{huhsb{ å d„`f{îmbcw gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw cb ub{shcc`dnwî ùu`{wbc`cw åcb Unss`cob cbw{b$ h cb ub{shcc`dnwî gîdîfîb u`{ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnh-c`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb$ pn sb{` ùubdîb å u`{wnonub{ å obwwb {îcnhc#

OA@UNW[B NNG_KD___$G_`D`G_G_`J`F_

@nod 0;Dbs mbmk{bs gbs h{obs `{mîbs bw dbs `w{bs ub{shccbs mbcwnhccîbs å d„`{-wnodb snz`cw pn sb w{hzb{hcw bc mb{ bw pn sb{hcw kdbssîs$ m`d`gbs hc`{`fîs$ gbz{hcw ìw{b {bsubowîs bw u{hwîfîs bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs$ îw`cwbcwbcg pb db wb{mb gb c`{`fb sb{` ùudno`kdb å whw c`{`fb$ pbddb pbshnbcw dbs on{ohcsw`cobs g`cs dbspbddbs nd s„bsw u{hgnw$ ~ ohmu{ns d„`mb{{ns-s`fb h{oî h d` oawb bc mb{#

Nds sb{hcw w{`nwîs bw shnfcîs `zbo am`cnwî u`{ d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw pn dbs `{`

bc shc uhzhn{$ s`cs ocb gnswncownhc gb o`{òwá{b gî`zh{`kdb k`sîb s{ dbsbqb$ d` {òb$ d` c`wnhc`dnwî$ d` {bdnfnhc$ dbs huncnhcs uhdnwnpbs h whw `w{bo{nwá{b `c`dhfb# Bsw sw{nowbmbcw ncwb{gnwb whwb `wwbncwb å db{ znb bw å db{ub{shccb bw$ bcw{b `w{bs$ db `nw gb dbs òabzb{ h gb dbs bqwb{mncb{$ gb dbsshmbww{b å d` wh{w{b$ g„bbowb{ s{ bq gbs bquî{nbcobs knhdhfnpbs$ gbdbs d`nssb{ gb `æhc u{îmîgnwîb s`cs sboh{s mîgno`d h s`cs shncs$ h gb dbsbquhsb{ å gbs {nspbs gb ohcw`fnhc h g„ncbownhc o{îîs å obw bbw#

_bdbs gbs {`nshcs g„{fbcob mîgno`db `wh{nsb{hcw cb u{nh{nwî g`cs d„h{g{b

gbs shncs#Dbs bmmbs sb{hcw w{`nwîbs `zbo whs dbs îf`{gs u`{wnodnb{s gs å db{ sbqb#

@nod 0?D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc s„ùudnpb{` `q c`{`fîs$ kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs bcmb{ ùu`{wbc`cw `q o`wîfh{nbs snz`cwbs <

0. dbs mbmk{bs gbs h{obs {mîbs g„cb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw$ gb mìmb pb dbsmbmk{bs gbs mndnobs bw gbs oh{us gb zhdhcw`n{bs `ns`cw u`{wnb gb obsh{obs `{mîbs 9


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65 ;b OhczBcwnhc

obs mndnobs h oh{us gb zhdhcw`n{bs$ ~ ohmu{ns obs mhzbmbcws gb {îsns-w`cob h{f`cnsîs$ {bmudnssbcw dbs ohcgnwnhcs snz`cwbs <`. g„`zhn{ å db{ wìwb cb ub{shccb {bsuhcs`kdb uh{ sbs skh{ghccîs 9

k. g„`zhn{ c snfcb gnswncown qb bw {bohcc`nss`kdb å gnsw`cob 9o. gb uh{wb{ hzb{wbmbcw dbs `{mbs 9g. gb sb ohch{mb{$ g`cs db{s huî{`wnhcs$ `q dhns bw ohwmbs gb d`

fb{{b 9

?. dbs mbmk{bs gbs h{obs {mîbs {îfdná{bs pn sb {îod`mbcw g„c fhzb{-cbmbcw h g„cb `wh{nwî chc {bohccs u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob 9

7. dbs ub{shccbs pn snzbcw dbs h{obs `{mîbs s`cs bc `n{b gn{bowbmbcwu`{wnb wbddbs pb dbs mbmk{bs onznds g„îpnu`fbs g„`znhcs mndnw`n{bs$ oh{-

{bsuhcg`cws gb fb{{b$ h{cnssb{s$ mbmk{bs g„cnwîs gb w{`z`nd hgb sb{znobs oa`{fîs g knbc-ìw{b gbs mndnw`n{bs$ å ohcgnwnhc p„bddbs bc`nbcw {bæ d„`wh{ns`wnhc gbs h{obs `{mîbs p„bddbs òohmu`fcbcw 9

2. dbs mbmk{bs gbs îpnu`fbs$ ~ ohmu{ns dbs ohmm`cg`cws$ undhwbs bw ù-u{bcwns$ gb d` m`{ncb m`{oa`cgb bw dbs îpnu`fbs gb d„`zn`wnhc onzndb gbsU`{wnbs ` ohcjnw pn cb kîcîonbcw u`s g„c w{`nwbmbcw uds `zh{`kdbbc zb{w g „ w{bs gnsuhsnwnhcs g g{hnw ncwb{c`wnhc`d 9

:. d` uhud`wnhc g„c wb{{nwhn{b chc hoouî pn$ å d„ùu{hoab gb d„bccbmn$u{bcg suhcw`cîmbcw dbs `{mbs uh{ ohmk`ww{b dbs w{hubs g„ncz`snhcs`cs `zhn{ b db wbmus gb sb ohcswnwb{ bc h{obs `{mîbs {îfdná{bs$ snbddb uh{wb hzb{wbmbcw dbs `{mbs bw sn bddb {bsubowb dbs dhns bw ohwmbsgb d` fb{{b#

@nod 07Whw z`nssb` gb fb{{b g„cb U`{wnb kbddnfî{`cwb uh{{` {îod`mb{ d` {bmnsbgbs kdbssîs$ gbs m`d`gbs h gbs c`{`fîs pn shcw å kh{g gb c`zn{bs-a÷un-w`q mndnw`n{bs$ gb c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q gb shonîwîs gb sboh{s h gb u`{wnodnb{s`ncsn pb gb c`zn{bs gb ohmmb{ob$ ~òaws bw bmk`{o`wnhcs$ pbddb pb shnwdb{ c`wnhc`dnwî$ uh{ `w`cw pb d„îw`w gb s`cwî gbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs bcub{mbwwb d` {bmnsb bw pb db z`nssb` gb fb{{b gnsuhsb g„ncsw`dd`wnhcs ub{-mbww`cw g„`ss{b{ å obq-on c w{`nwbmbcw ss`cw#

@nod 02_n gbs kdbssîs$ gbs m`d`gbs h gbs c`{`fîs shcw {bobnddns å kh{g g„c z`ns-

sb` gb fb{{b cbw{b h u`{ c `î{hcb mndnw`n{b cbw{b$ nd gbz{` ìw{b uh{- z$ dh{spb db g{hnw ncwb{c`wnhc`d db {bpnb{w$ å ob p„nds cb unssbcw u`s gbchzb` u{bcg{b u`{w å gbs huî{`wnhcs gb fb{{b#

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@nod 0:Ohmuwb wbc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`{wnodb 0;$ dbs kdbssîs$ dbs m`d`gbs bw dbsc`{`fîs g„c kbddnfî{`cw$ whmkîs uhzhn{ gb d„`gzb{s`n{b$ sb{hcw u{nshc-

cnb{s gb fb{{b bw dbs {áfdbs g g{hnw gbs fbcs ohcob{c`cw dbs u{nshccnb{s gbfb{{b db{ sb{hcw ùudno`kdbs# Nd ùu`{wnbcg{` ` oùwb{ gb gîongb{$ snz`cwdbs on{ohcsw`cobs$ s„nd ohcznbcw gb dbs f`{gb{$ gb dbs gn{nfb{ s{ c uh{w gb shcu`~s$ s{ c uh{w cbw{b$ h mìmb s{ c uh{w gb d„`gzb{s`n{b# G`cs ob gb{-cnb{ o`s$ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b `ncsn {bcgs å db{ u`~s cb uh{{hcw sb{zn{ubcg`cw d` g{îb gb d` fb{{b#

@nod 06

Dbs kdbssîs$ dbs m`d`gbs h dbs c`{`fîs pn sb{hcw gîk`{pîs g`cs c uh{wcbw{b$ g ohcsbcwbmbcw gb d„`wh{nwî dho`db$ gbz{hcw$ å mhncs g„c `{{`cfb-mbcw ohcw{`n{b gb d` Unss`cob cbw{b `zbo dbs Unss`cobs kbddnfî{`cwbs$ ìw{bf`{gîs u`{ d` Unss`cob cbw{b$ dh{spb db g{hnw ncwb{c`wnhc`d db {bpnb{w$ gbwbddb m`cná{b p„nds cb unssbcw u`s gb chzb` u{bcg{b u`{w `q huî{`wnhcsgb fb{{b#

Dbs {`ns g„ahsunw`dns`wnhc bw g„ncwb{cbmbcw sb{hcw suuh{wîs u`{ d` Unss`cobghcw {bdázbcw dbs kdbssîs$ dbs m`d`gbs h dbs c`{`fîs#

@nod 01u{ás oa`pb ohmk`w$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw u{bcg{hcw s`cs w`{gb{ whwbs dbsmbs{bs uhssnkdbs uh{ {boab{oab{ bw {bobnddn{ dbs c`{`fîs$ dbs kdbssîs bw dbsm`d`gbs$ dbs u{hwîfb{ ohcw{b db undd`fb bw dbs m`z`ns w{`nwbmbcws bw db{ `s-s{b{ dbs shncs cîobss`n{bs$ `ncsn pb uh{ {boab{oab{ dbs mh{ws bw bmuìoab{p„nds cb shnbcw gîuhnddîs#

Whwbs dbs hns pb dbs on{ohcsw`cobs db ub{mbww{hcw$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnwohcod{hcw gbs `{{`cfbmbcws dho`q uh{ d„îzò`wnhc u`{ mb{ gbs kdbssîsbw m`d`gbs g„cb |hcb `ssnîfîb h bcob{odîb bw uh{ db u`ss`fb gb ub{shccbds`cnw`n{b bw {bdnfnbq bw gb m`wî{nbd s`cnw`n{b å gbswnc`wnhc gb obwwb |hcb#

@nod 0>Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw gbz{hcw bc{bfnsw{b{$ g`cs db uds k{b gîd`n uhssnkdb$whs dbs îdîmbcws u{hu{bs å ngbcwnb{ dbs c`{`fîs$ dbs kdbssîs$ dbs m`d`gbs bwdbs mh{ws gb d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb whmkîs bc db{ uhzhn{# Obs {bcsbnfcbmbcwsgbz{hcw sn uhssnkdb ohmu{bcg{b ob pn snw <

`. ncgno`wnhc gb d` Unss`cob ghcw nds gîubcgbcw 9k. `bow`wnhc h cmî{h m`w{nodb 9o. chm gb `mnddb 9g. db h dbs u{îchms 9b. g`wb gb c`nss`cob 9

. whw `w{b {bcsbnfcbmbcw f{`cw s{ d` o`{wb h d` ud`pb g„ngbcwnwî 9

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6; ;b OhczBcwnhc

f. g`wb bw dnb gb d` oùw{b h g gîoás 9a. {bcsbnfcbmbcws ohcob{c`cw dbs kdbss{bs$ d` m`d`gnb h d` o`sb g

gîoás#

G`cs db uds k{b gîd`n uhssnkdb$ dbs {bcsbnfcbmbcws mbcwnhccîs on-gbsss gb- z{hcw ìw{b ohmmcnpîs ` k{b` gb {bcsbnfcbmbcws znsî å d„`{wnodb 0;; gbd` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb {bd`wnzb ` w{`nwbmbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b g0; `hw 0>7>$ pn dbs w{`csmbww{` å d` Unss`cob ghcw gîubcgbcw obs u{nshc-cnb{s$ u`{ d„ncwb{mîgn`n{b gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob bw gb d„fbcob obcw{`dbgbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw îw`kdn{hcw bw sb ohmmcnpb{hcw$ u`{ d` zhnb ncgnpîb åd„`dncî` u{îoîgbcw$ dbs òwbs gb gîoás h dbs dnswbs gb gîoás gùmbcw `wabcwnîs#

Bddbs {bobnddb{hcw bw sb w{`csmbww{hcw îf`dbmbcw$ u`{ d„ncwb{mîgn`n{b g mìmbk{b`$ d` mhnwnî gb d` ghkdb ud`pb g„ngbcwnwî h d` ud`pb bddb-mìmb$ s„nd s„`fnwg„cb ud`pb snmudb$ dbs wbsw`mbcws h w{bs ghombcws u{îsbcw`cw gb d„nmuh{-w`cob uh{ d` `mnddb gbs gîoîgîs$ dbs shmmbs g„`{fbcw bw$ bc fîcî{`d$ whs dbshklbws `~`cw cb z`db{ ncw{ncsápb h `bownzb w{hzîs s{ dbs mh{ws# Obs hk-

lbws$ `ncsn pb dbs hklbws chc ngbcwnîs$ sb{hcw bczh~îs g`cs gbs u`pbws sobddîs$òohmu`fcîs g„cb gîod`{`wnhc ghcc`cw whs dbs gîw`nds cîobss`n{bs å d„ngbc-wno`wnhc g uhssbssb{ gîoîgî$ `ncsn pb g„c nczbcw`n{b ohmudbw g u`pbw#

@nod ;5Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw zbnddb{hcw å ob pb d„nmmb{snhc gbs mh{ws$ `nwb ncgnzn-gbddbmbcw g`cs whwb d` mbs{b hþ dbs on{ohcsw`cobs db ub{mbww{hcw$ shnw u{î-oîgîb g„c bq`mbc wwbcwn bw sn uhssnkdb mîgno`d gbs oh{us$ bc zb gb ohcsw`wb{d` mh{w$ g„îw`kdn{ d„ngbcwnwî bw gb uhzhn{ bc {bcg{b ohmuwb# _„nd bsw `nw s`fbg„cb ghkdb ud`pb g„ngbcwnwî$ d` mhnwnî gb obwwb ud`pb {bswb{` s{ db o`g`z{b#

_n gbs mh{ws shcw gîk`{pîs$ dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb

uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbs g`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbsbc o`mu`fcb g 0; `hw 0>7> db{ sb{hcw ùudno`kdbs#

@nod ;0Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw uh{{hcw `n{b ùubd ` |ádb oa`{nw`kdb gbs ohmm`c-g`cws gb k`wb`q gb ohmmb{ob$ ~òaws h bmk`{o`wnhcs cbw{bs$ uh{u{bcg{b å kh{g bw shnfcb{ gbs kdbssîs$ gbs m`d`gbs h gbs c`{`fîs `ncsn pbuh{ {bobnddn{ gbs mh{ws# Dbs k`wb`q gb whs fbc{bs pn `{hcw {îuhcg åobw ùubd$ `ncsn pb obq pn suhcw`cîmbcw `{hcw {bobnddn gbs kdbssîs$ gbs

m`d`gbs h gbs c`{`fîs$ lhn{hcw g„cb u{hwbownhc suîon`db bw gb òndnwîsuh{ d„bqîownhc gb db{ mnssnhc g„`ssnsw`cob#

Bc oc o`s nds cb uh{{hcw ìw{b oùw{îs uh{ db `nw g„c wbd w{`csuh{w 9 m`ns$s` u{hmbssbs ohcw{`n{bs pn db{ `{`nbcw îwî `nwbs$ nds {bswbcw bquhsîs å dòùw{b uh{ dbs znhd`wnhcs gb cbw{`dnwî p„nds uh{{`nbcw zhn{ ohmmnsbs#

U{bso{nuwnhcs

{bd`wnzbs

`rq mh{ws

@uubd rq

c`zn{bs

cbrw{bs




OA@UNW[B NNNG_`Z_-a÷`

@nod ;;Dbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q mndnw`n{bs$ o„bsw-å-gn{b dbs c`zn{bs ohcsw{nws h `mîc`-fîs u`{ dbs Unss`cobs$ suîon`dbmbcw bw cnpbmbcw bc zb gb uh{wb{ sboh{s`q kdbssîs$ m`d`gbs bw c`{`fîs$ gb dbs w{`nwb{ bw gb dbs w{`csuh{wb{$ cb uh{-{hcw bc òcb on{ohcsw`cob ìw{b `ww`pîs cn oùw{îs$ m`ns sb{hcw bc whwwbmus {bsubowîs bw u{hwîfîs$ å ohcgnwnhc pb db{s chms bw o`{òwî{nswnpbs`nbcw îwî ohmmcnpîs `q U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw$ gnq lh{s `z`cw db{ bmudhn#

Dbs o`{òwî{nswnpbs pn ghnzbcw f{b{ g`cs d` chwno`wnhc ohmu{bcg{hcw db

whcc`fb k{w bc{bfnsw{î$ d` dhcfb{ gb d` uhub å d` u{hb bw db chmk{b gbmëws bw gb oabmncîbs#

@nod ;?Dbs îw`kdnssbmbcws snwîs s{ d` o÷wb bw pn hcw g{hnw å d` u{hwbownhc gb dÒhczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbsg`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb g 0; `hw 0>7> cb gbz{hcw ìw{b cn `ww`-pîs cn khmk`{gîs gb d` mb{#

@nod ;7Dbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q wndnsîs u`{ gbs _honîwîs c`wnhc`dbs gb d` O{hnq-[hfb$u`{ gbs _honîwîs gb sboh{s honbddbmbcw {bohccbs h u`{ gbs u`{wnodnb{s lhn{hcw gb d` mìmb u{hwbownhc pb dbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q mndnw`n{bs bw sb{hcwbqbmuws gb oùw{b$ sn d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw ghcw nds gîubcgbcw db{ ` ghccîcb ohmmnssnhc honbddb bw uh{ `w`cw pb dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`{wnodb ;;{bd`wnzbs å d` chwno`wnhc `{hcw îwî hksb{zîbs#

Obs c`zn{bs gbz{hcw ìw{b uh{wb{s g„c ghombcw gb d„`wh{nwî ohmuîwbcwbgîod`{`cw p„nds hcw îwî shmns å shc ohcw{÷db ubcg`cw db{ `{mbmbcw bw ådb{ gîu`{w#

@nod ;2Dbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q wndnsîs u`{ gbs _honîwîs c`wnhc`dbs gb d` O{hnq-[hfb$u`{ gbs _honîwîs gb sboh{s honbddbmbcw {bohccbs h u`{ gbs u`{wnodnb{sgb u`~s cbw{bs$ lhn{hcw gb d` mìmb u{hwbownhc pb dbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`qmndnw`n{bs bw sb{hcw bqbmuws gb oùw{b$ å ohcgnwnhc p„nds sb shnbcw mns shs

d` gn{bownhc gb d„cb gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw$ `zbo d„`ssbcwnmbcw u{î`d`kdb gbdb{ u{hu{b fhzb{cbmbcw bw `zbo d„`wh{ns`wnhc gb obwwb U`{wnb bw uh{ `-w`cw pb dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`{wnodb ;; ohcob{c`cw d` chwno`wnhc `{hcw îwîhksb{zîbs#

U{hwbownhc

gbs îw`kdns-

sbmbcws

s`cnw`n{bs

o÷wnb{s

C`zn{bs-

a÷unw`rq

gbs shonîwîs

gb sbohr{s

bw gbs u`{wn-

ordnb{s

N# G„rcb

U`{wnb `rohcjnw

NN# Gb u`~s

cbrw{bs

Chwno`wnhc

bw u{hwbownhc

gbs c`zn{bs-

a÷unw`rq

mndnw`n{bs



67 ;b OhczBcwnhc

@nod ;:D` u{hwbownhc u{îzb `q `{wnodbs ;;$ ;7 bw ;2 s„ùudnpb{` `q c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q gb whs whcc`fbs bw å db{s o`chws gb s`zbw`fb$ bc pbdpb dnb

p„nds huá{bcw# Whwbhns$ uh{ ss{b{ db m`qnmm gb ohch{w bw gb sîo{nwî$dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s„bh{ob{hcw gb c„wndnsb{$ uh{ db w{`csuh{w gbs kdbssîs$m`d`gbs bw c`{`fîs$ s{ gb dhcfbs gnsw`cobs bw bc a`wb mb{$ pb gbs c`- zn{bs-a÷unw`q l`fb`cw uds gb ;555 whccbs k{wbs#

@nod ;6q mìmbs ohcgnwnhcs pb obddbs pn shcw u{îzbs `q `{wnodbs ;; bw ;7$ dbsbmk`{o`wnhcs wndnsîbs u`{ d„w`w h u`{ gbs _honîwîs gb sboh{s honbddb-

mbcw {bohccbs uh{ dbs huî{`wnhcs gb s`zbw`fb o÷wná{bs sb{hcw îf`dbmbcw{bsubowîbs bw u{hwîfîbs g`cs d` mbs{b hþ dbs cîobssnwîs gbs huî{`wnhcs dbub{mbww{hcw#

Nd bc sb{` gb mìmb$ g`cs d` mbs{b g uhssnkdb$ uh{ dbs ncsw`dd`wnhcs o÷-wná{bs qbs wndnsîbs bqodsnzbmbcw u`{ obs bmk`{o`wnhcs uh{ db{s mnssnhcsam`cnw`n{bs#

@nod ;1

G`cs db o`s g„c ohmk`w å kh{g gb z`nssb`q gb fb{{b$ dbs nc{mb{nbs sb{hcw{bsubowîbs bw îu`{fcîbs `w`cw pb `n{b sb uh{{`# Obs nc{mb{nbs bw db{m`wî{nbd gbmb{b{hcw shmns `q dhns gb d` fb{{b$ m`ns cb uh{{hcw u`sìw{b gîwh{cîs gb db{ bmudhn w`cw p„nds sb{hcw cîobss`n{bs `q kdbssîs bwm`d`gbs# Whwbhns$ db ohmm`cg`cw pn dbs ` bc shc uhzhn{ `{` d` òdwîg„bc gnsuhsb{$ bc o`s gb cîobssnwîs mndnw`n{bs {fbcwbs$ bc `ss{`cw ` u{î`-d`kdb db sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbs pn ~ shcw w{`nwîs#

@nod ;>

Whw c`zn{b-a÷unw`d sb w{hz`cw g`cs c uh{w pn whmkb ` uhzhn{ gb d„bc-cbmn sb{` `wh{nsî å bc sh{wn{#

@nod ?5Dbs c`zn{bs bw bmk`{o`wnhcs mbcwnhccîs `q `{wnodbs ;;$ ;7$ ;2 bw ;6 uh{wb-{hcw sboh{s bw `ssnsw`cob `q kdbssîs$ `q m`d`gbs bw `q c`{`fîs$ s`csgnswncownhc gb c`wnhc`dnwî#

Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bcf`fbcw å c„wndnsb{ obs c`zn{bs bw bmk`{-o`wnhcs uh{ òc kw mndnw`n{b#

Obs c`zn{bs bw bmk`{o`wnhcs cb gbz{hcw fìcb{ bc òcb m`cná{b dbs mhzbmbcws gbs ohmk`ww`cws#

Ubcg`cw bw ù{ás db ohmk`w$ nds `fn{hcw å db{s {nspbs bw uî{nds#

Bmk`{o`wnhcs

gb s`rzbw`fb

o÷wná{bs

U{hwbownhcgbs

nc{mb{nbs

gb z`nssb`rq

C`zn{b-

a÷unw`d g`cs

rc uh{w

hooruî

Bmudhn

gbs c`zn{bs-

a÷unw`rq bw

bmk`{o`-wnhcs

Whcc`fb




G{hnw

gb ohcw{÷db

bw gb znsnwb

@nod ?0Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw `{hcw db g{hnw gb ohcw{÷db bw gb znsnwb s{ dbs c`zn{bsbw bmk`{o`wnhcs znsîs `q `{wnodbs ;;$ ;7$ ;2 bw ;6# Bddbs uh{{hcw {bsb{ db

ohcoh{s gb obs c`zn{bs bw bmk`{o`wnhcs$ db{ bclhncg{b gb s„îdhnfcb{$ db{nmuhsb{ cb gn{bownhc gîwb{mncîb$ {îfdb{ d„bmudhn gb db{ W#_#J# bw gb whs`w{bs mh~bcs gb ohmmcno`wnhc bw mìmb gb dbs {bwbcn{ uh{ cb g{îbm`qnmm gb sbuw lh{s å u`{wn{ g mhmbcw gb d„`{{`nshccbmbcw$ sn d` f{`- znwî gbs on{ohcsw`cobs d „bqnfb`nw#

Bddbs uh{{hcw mbww{b wbmuh{`n{bmbcw å kh{g c ohmmnss`n{b$ ghcw d` wëoabbqodsnzb ohcsnswb{` å `ss{b{ d„bqîownhc gbs h{g{bs ghccîs bc zb{w gbs gns-uhsnwnhcs gb d„`dncî` u{îoîgbcw#

w`cw pb uhssnkdb$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ncso{n{hcw s{ db lh{c`d gb kh{ggbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q$ g`cs cb d`cfb ohmu{îabcsnkdb uh{ db ohmm`c-g`cw g c`zn{b-a÷unw`d$ dbs h{g{bs p„bddbs db{ ghccb{hcw#

Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw uh{{hcw$ shnw cnd`wî{`dbmbcw$ shnw u`{ òoh{g suîon`d$udòb{ å kh{g gb db{s c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q gbs hksb{z`wb{s cbw{bs pn ohcsw`-wb{hcw d` sw{nowb hksb{z`cob gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

@nod ?;

Dbs c`zn{bs bw bmk`{o`wnhcs gîsnfcîs `q `{wnodbs ;;$ ;7$ ;2 bw ;6 cb shcw u`s`ssnmndîs `q c`zn{bs gb fb{{b p`cw å db{ sîlh{ g`cs c uh{w cbw{b#

@nod ??Dbs c`zn{bs gb ohmmb{ob pn `{hcw îwî w{`csh{mîs bc c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q cbuh{{hcw ìw{b gîs`bowîs ubcg`cw whwb d` g{îb gbs ahswndnwîs#

@nod ?7

D` u{hwbownhc gb `q c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q bw `q nc{mb{nbs gb z`nssb`q cbuh{{` obssb{ pb s„nd bc bsw `nw s`fb uh{ ohmmbww{b$ bc gbah{s gb db{sgbzhn{s am`cnw`n{bs$ gbs òwbs cnsnkdbs å d „bccbmn# Whwbhns$ d` u{hwbownhccb obssb{` p„ù{ás shmm`wnhc q`cw$ g`cs whs dbs o`s huuh{wcs$ c gîd`n{`nshcc`kdb bw pn sb{`nw gbmb{îb s`cs bbw#

Bc u`{wnodnb{$ dbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q cb uh{{hcw uhssîgb{ cn wndnsb{ gb ohgb sb-o{bw uh{ db{ îmnssnhcs u`{ W#_#J# h u`{ whw w{b mh~bc gb ohmmcno`wnhc#

@nod ?2Cb sb{hcw u`s ohcsngî{îs ohmmb îw`cw gb c`w{b å u{nzb{ dbs c`zn{bs-a÷un-w`q h dbs nc{mb{nbs gb z`nssb`q gb d` u{hwbownhc pn db{ bsw gb <

0. db `nw pb db ub{shccbd gb obs c`zn{bs h nc{mb{nbs bsw `{mî bw p„nd sbgb sbs {mbs uh{ db m`ncwnbc gb d„h{g{b$ uh{ s` u{hu{b gîbcsb h obddbgb sbs kdbssîs bw gb sbs m`d`gbs 9

_îlhr{ g`csrc uh{w

cbrw{b

C`zn{bs gb

ohmmb{ob

w{`csh{mîs

Obss`wnhc gbd` u{hwbownhc

J`nws cb

u{nz`cw u`s

gb u{hwbownhc



6: ;b OhczBcwnhc

;. db `nw gb d` u{îsbcob å kh{g g„ùu`{bnds gbswncîs bqodsnzbmbcw å `ss{b{d` c`znf`wnhc h dbs w{`csmnssnhcs 9

?. db `nw p„å kh{g gbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q h g`cs dbs nc{mb{nbs gb z`ns-

sb`q sb w{hzbcw gbs `{mbs uh{w`wnzbs bw gbs mcnwnhcs {bwn{îbs `qkdbssîs$ `q m`d`gbs bw `q c`{`fîs$ bw c„`~`cw u`s bcoh{b îwî zb{sîbs` sb{znob ohmuîwbcw 9

7. db `nw pb d„òwnznwî am`cnw`n{b gbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q bw nc{mb{nbs gb z`nssb`q h gb db{ ub{shccbd bsw îwbcgb å gbs onznds kdbssîs$ m`d`gbsh c`{`fîs 9

2. db `nw pb gbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q w{`csuh{wbcw g m`wî{nbd bw g ub{shc-

cbd bqodsnzbmbcw gbswncî å gbs hcownhcs s`cnw`n{bs$ bc uds gb obdn pndb{ bsw a`knwbddbmbcw cîobss`n{b#

OA@UNW[B NZG_D

@nod ?:Db ub{shccbd {bdnfnbq$ mîgno`d bw ahsunw`dnb{ gbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q bw db{

îpnu`fb sb{hcw {bsubowîs bw u{hwîfîs 9 nds cb uh{{hcw ìw{b oùw{îs ubcg`cwdb wbmus hþ nds shcw ` sb{znob gb obs c`zn{bs$ p„nd ~ `nw h chc gbs kdbssîs bwm`d`gbs å kh{g#

@nod ?6Db ub{shccbd {bdnfnbq$ mîgno`d bw ahsunw`dnb{$ `bowî ` sb{znob mîgno`d hsun{nwbd gbs ub{shccbs gîsnfcîbs `q `{wnodbs 0; bw 0?$ pn whmkb ` uhzhn{ gb d„bccbmn$ sb{` {bsubowî bw u{hwîfî 9 nd uh{{` ohcwncb{ å bqb{ob{ sbs

hcownhcs `ssn dhcfwbmus pb ob sb{` cîobss`n{b uh{ dbs shncs å ghccb{ `qkdbssîs bw m`d`gbs# Nd gbz{` bcsnwb ìw{b {bczh~î ssnw÷w pb db ohmm`cg`cwbc oab pn d „ bc shc uhzhn{ db lfb{` uhssnkdb# Nd uh{{` bmuh{wb{$ bc pnw-w`cw db c`zn{b$ dbs hklbws pn shcw s` u{hu{nîwî ub{shccbddb#

_n whwbhns nd sb {îzîd`nw cîobss`n{b gb {bwbcn{ cb u`{wnb gb ob ub{shccbd u`{snwb gbs kbshncs s`cnw`n{bs h sun{nwbds gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ whwbsmbs{bs sb{hcw u{nsbs uh{ db gîk`{pb{ db uds {ùngbmbcw uhssnkdb#

shc gîk`{pbmbcw$ db ub{shccbd {bwbc sb{` shmns `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d`

Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbsg`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb g 0; `hw 0>7>#

U{hwbownhc

gr ub{shccbdgbs c`zn{bs-

a÷unw`rq

Ub{shccbd

s`cnw`n{b bw

{bdnfnbrq

g„`rw{bsc`zn{bs




OA@UNW[B ZG_`___``_

@nod ?1Dbs c`zn{bs `{îwîs å obwwb c sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å w{`csuh{wb{ g m`wî{nbdbqodsnzbmbcw gbswncî ` w{`nwbmbcw gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbs gbs h{obs`{mîbs h å d` u{îzbcwnhc gbs m`d`gnbs$ uh{z pb dbs ohcgnwnhcs gb db{ zh~`fb shnbcw snfc`dîbs å d` Unss`cob `gzb{sb bw `f{îîbs u`{ bddb# D` Uns-s`cob gzb{sb ohcsb{zb{` db g{hnw gb dbs {{`nshccb{$ m`ns chc gb dbs oùw{b{cn gb s`nsn{ db m`wî{nbd w{`csuh{wî#

G„òoh{g bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw$ gbs hksb{z`wb{s cbw{bs uh{{hcw ìw{b

udòîs å kh{g gb obs c`zn{bs uh{ ohcw{÷db{ db m`wî{nbd w{`csuh{wî# obwwb c$ob m`wî{nbd gbz{` ìw{b `nsîmbcw òobssnkdb#

@nod ?>Dbs `î{hcbs s`cnw`n{bs$ o„bsw-å-gn{b dbs `î{hcbs bqodsnzbmbcw wndnsîs uh{d„îzò`wnhc gbs kdbssîs$ gbs m`d`gbs bw gbs c`{`fîs$ `ncsn pb uh{ dbw{`csuh{w g ub{shccbd bw g m`wî{nbd s`cnw`n{bs$ cb sb{hcw u`s d„hklbw g„`w-w`pbs$ m`ns sb{hcw {bsubowîs u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ubcg`cw dbs zhds p„nds

bbowb{hcw å gbs `dwnwgbs$ å gbs ab{bs bw snz`cw gbs nwncî{`n{bs suîonpb-mbcw ohczbcs bcw{b whwbs dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ncwî{bssîbs#

Nds uh{wb{hcw hswbcsnkdbmbcw db snfcb gnswncown u{îz å d„ {wnodb 70$ å o÷wî gbsohdb{s c`wnhc`dbs$ s{ db{s òbs ncî{nb{b$ suî{nb{b bw d`wî{`dbs# Nds sb-{hcw ghwîs gb whwb `w{b snfc`dns`wnhc h mh~bc gb {bohcc`nss`cob qîs u`{òoh{g bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw shnw ` gîkw$ shnw ` oh{s gbs ahswndnwîs#

_` òoh{g ohcw{`n{b$ db s{zhd g wb{{nwhn{b bccbmn h hoouî u`{ d„bccbmnsb{` ncwb{gnw#

Dbs `î{hcbs s`cnw`n{bs gbz{hcw hkîn{ å whwb shmm`wnhc g„`wwb{{n{ hg„`mb{{n{# Bc o`s g„`wwb{{nss`fb h g„`mb{{nss`fb `ncsn nmuhsîs$ d„`î{hcb$`zbo sbs hoou`cws$ uh{{` {bu{bcg{b shc zhd ù{ás ohcw{÷db îzbcwbd#

Bc o`s g„`wwb{{nss`fb h g„`mb{{nss`fb h{wnw s{ wb{{nwhn{b bccbmn h ho-ouî u`{ d„bccbmn$ dbs kdbssîs$ m`d`gbs bw c`{`fîs$ `ncsn pb d„îpnu`fbgb d„`î{hcb sb{hcw u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b# Db ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b sb{` w{`nwîohch{mîmbcw `q `{wnodbs ?: bw ?6#

@nod 75Dbs `î{hcbs s`cnw`n{bs gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw uh{{hcw$ shs {îsb{zb g gb-qnámb dncî`$ s{zhdb{ db wb{{nwhn{b gbs Unss`cobs cbw{bs bw ~ wwb{{n{ h mb{-{n{ bc o`s gb cîobssnwî h uh{ ~ `n{b bso`db# Nds gbz{hcw chwnb{ u{î`d`kdbmbcw`q Unss`cobs cbw{bs db{ u`ss`fb s{ db{ wb{{nwhn{b bw hkîn{ å whwb shm-m`wnhc g„`wwb{{n{ h g„`mb{{n{# Nds cb sb{hcw å d„`k{n gbs `ww`pbs pb g{`cw

@î{hcbs

s`cnw`n{bs

_r{zhd gbs

u`~s cbrw{bs#

Kdbssîs

gîk`{prîs

C`zn{bs

`{îwîs uhr{

db w{`csuh{w

gb m`wî{nbd

s`cnw`n{b



61 ;b OhczBcwnhc

db{ zhd å gbs `dwnwgbs$ å gbs ab{bs bw snz`cw gbs nwncî{`n{bs suîonpbmbcwohczbcs bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw bw dbs Unss`cobs cbw{bs ncwî{bssîbs#

Whwbhns$ dbs Unss`cobs cbw{bs uh{{hcw qb{ gbs ohcgnwnhcs h {bsw{no-

wnhcs p`cw ` s{zhd gb db{ wb{{nwhn{b u`{ dbs `î{hcbs s`cnw`n{bs h å db{`wwb{{nss`fb# Obs ohcgnwnhcs h {bsw{nownhcs îzbcwbddbs sb{hcw ùudnpîbsg„cb m`cná{b îf`db å whwbs dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

Dbs kdbssîs$ m`d`gbs h c`{`fîs gîk`{pîs$ `zbo db ohcsbcwbmbcw gb d„`-wh{nwî dho`db$ s{ c wb{{nwhn{b cbw{b u`{ c `î{hcb s`cnw`n{b$ gbz{hcw$ åmhncs g„c `{{`cfbmbcw ohcw{`n{b gb d„îw`w cbw{b `zbo dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw$ìw{b f`{gîs u`{ d„w`w cbw{b dh{spb db g{hnw ncwb{c`wnhc`d db {bpnb{w$ gb m`-cná{b p„nds cb unssbcw u`s gb chzb` u{bcg{b u`{w `q huî{`wnhcs gb d`

fb{{b# Dbs {`ns g„ahsunw`dns`wnhc bw g„ncwb{cbmbcw sb{hcw suuh{wîs u`{ dÙnss`cob ghcw gîubcgbcw dbs kdbssîs$ m`d`gbs h c`{`fîs#

OA@UNW[B ZNG_FG_J

@nod 70_hs db ohcw{÷db gb d„`wh{nwî mndnw`n{b ohmuîwbcwb$ d„bmkdámb gb d` o{hnq{hfb s{ hcg kd`co f{b{` s{ dbs g{ùb`q$ dbs k{`ss`{gs$ `ncsn pb s{whw db m`wî{nbd sb {`wwòa`cw ` _b{znob s`cnw`n{b#

Whwbhns$ uh{ dbs u`~s pn bmudhnbcw gîlå ohmmb snfcb gnswncown å d` udòbgb d` o{hnq {hfb$ db o{hnss`cw {hfb h db dnhc bw db shdbnd {hfbs s{ hcg kd`co$obs bmkdámbs shcw îf`dbmbcw `gmns g`cs db sbcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

@nod 7;Db ub{shccbd znsî `q `{wnodbs ?: bw ?6 uh{wb{`$ qî ` k{`s fòab$ c k{`s-s`{g {îsnsw`cw å d„amngnwî bw mcn g snfcb gnswncown$ gîdnz{î bw wnmk{î u`{d„`wh{nwî mndnw`n{b#

Ob ub{shccbd$ hw{b d` ud`pb g„ngbcwnwî u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 0>$ sb{` îf`dbmbcwuh{wb{ g„cb o`{wb g„ngbcwnwî suîon`db mcnb g snfcb gnswncown# Obwwb o`{wbgbz{` {îsnswb{ å d„amngnwî bw ìw{b gb gnmbcsnhcs wbddbs p„bddb unssb ìw{bmnsb g`cs d` uhoab# Bddb sb{` {îgnfîb g`cs d` d`cfb c`wnhc`db$ mbcwnhccb{`` mhncs dbs chm bw u{îchms$ d` g`wb gb c`nss`cob$ db f{`gb bw db cmî{hm`w{nodb gb d„ncwî{bssî# Bddb îw`kdn{` bc pbddb p`dnwî nd ` g{hnw å d` u{hwbo-wnhc gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc# D` o`{wb sb{` mcnb gb d` uahwhf{ùanb gwnwd`n{b bw$ bc hw{b$ shnw gb s` snfc`w{b$ shnw gb sbs bmu{bncwbs gnfnw`dbs$ shnwgbs gbq å d` hns# Bddb uh{wb{` db wnmk{b sbo gb d„`wh{nwî mndnw`n{b#

D` o`{wb g„ngbcwnwî gbz{` ìw{b cnh{mb g`cs oa`pb `{mîb bw `w`cw pb uhs-snkdb g mìmb w~ub g`cs dbs `{mîbs gbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs# Dbs

@uudno`wnhc

gr snfcb

Ngbcwno`wnhc

gr ub{shccbd

s`cnw`n{b bw

{bdnfnbrq




U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw uh{{hcw s„ncsun{b{ g mhgádb `ccbqî å wnw{b g„bqbmudb åd` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc# Bddbs sb ohmmcnpb{hcw$ ` gîkw gbs ahswndnwîs$ dbmhgádb p„bddbs wndnsbcw# Oa`pb o`{wb g„ngbcwnwî sb{` îw`kdnb$ sn uhssnkdb$ bc

gbq bqbmud`n{bs ` mhncs$ ghcw d„c sb{` ohcsb{zî u`{ d` Unss`cob g„h{nfncb#Bc òc o`s$ db ub{shccbd mbcwnhccî on-gbsss cb uh{{` ìw{b u{nzî gb sbsncsnfcbs cn gb s` o`{wb g„ngbcwnwî$ cn g g{hnw gb uh{wb{ shc k{`ss`{g# Bc o`sgb ub{wb$ nd {` db g{hnw g„hkwbcn{ gbs gudno`w` gb d` o`{wb bw db {bmudòbmbcwgbs ncsnfcbs#

@nod 7?Dbs c`zn{bs bw bmk`{o`wnhcs gîsnfcîs `q `{wnodbs ;;$ ;7$ ;2 bw ;6 sb gnswnc-

fb{hcw gb d` m`cná{b snz`cwb <`. whwbs db{s s{òbs bqwî{nb{bs sb{hcw kd`coabs 9k. cb h udsnb{s o{hnq {hfb hcoî `ssn f{`cgbs pb uhssnkdb sb{hcw

ubncwbs gb oa`pb o÷wî gb d` ohpb `ncsn pb s{ dbs s{òbs ah{n|hc-w`dbs$ gb `æhc å `ss{b{ gb d„`n{ bw gb d` mb{ d` mbnddb{b znsnkndnwî#

Whs dbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q sb b{hcw {bohcc`ãw{b bc anss`cw db{ u`znddhc c`-wnhc`d bw bc hw{b$ s„nds {bssh{wnssbcw å c w`w cbw{b$ db u`znddhc gb d` U`{wnb` ohcjnw shs d` gn{bownhc gb d`pbddb nds sb shcw udòîs# rc u`znddhc kd`co å

o{hnq {hfb gbz{` jhwwb{ ` f{`cg mëw$ db uds a`w uhssnkdb#Dbs o`chws gb s`zbw`fb gbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q$ dbs o`chws gb s`zbw`fb o÷wnb{sbw whwbs dbs ubwnwbs bmk`{o`wnhcs bmudh~îbs u`{ db _b{znob gb s`cwî sb{hcwubncws bc kd`co `zbo gbs o{hnq {hfb hcoî cbwwbmbcw znsnkdbs bw$ g„cb m`-cná{b fîcî{`db$ dbs mhgbs g„ngbcwno`wnhc swnudîs on-gbsss uh{ dbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q db{ sb{hcw ùudno`kdbs#

Dbs c`zn{bs bw bmk`{o`wnhcs on-gbsss mbcwnhccîs$ pn zbdbcw s„`ss{b{ gbcnw bw bc wbmus gb znsnkndnwî {îgnwb d` u{hwbownhc å d`pbddb nds hcw g{hnw$

gbz{hcw u{bcg{b$ `zbo d„`ssbcwnmbcw gb d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw ` uhzhn{ gb d`-pbddb nds sb w{hzbcw$ dbs mbs{b cîobss`n{bs uh{ {bcg{b db{ ubncw{b bwdb{s bmkdámbs gnswncowns ss`mmbcw ùu`{bcws#

Dbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q pn$ bc zb{w gb d„`{wnodb ?0$ shcw {bwbcs u{hznshn{b-mbcw u`{ d„bccbmn$ gbz{hcw {bcw{b{ db u`znddhc gb d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw ` sb{- znob gb d`pbddb nds sb w{hzbcw$ h ghcw nds hcw òobuwî d` gn{bownhc#

Dbs o`chws gb s`zbw`fb o÷wnb{s$ s„nds ohcwncbcw$ `zbo db ohcsbcwbmbcw gb dÙnss`cob hoou`cwb$ å huî{b{ g„cb k`sb hoouîb$ uh{{hcw ìw{b `wh{nsîs å

ohcwncb{ å `{kh{b{ db{s u{hu{bs ohdb{s c`wnhc`dbs bc mìmb wbmus pb dbu`znddhc å o{hnq {hfb$ dh{sp„nds sb{hcw îdhnfcîs gb db{ k`sb$ shs {îsb{zb gbchwno`wnhc u{î`d`kdb å whwbs dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ncwî{bssîbs#

Whwbs dbs swnud`wnhcs gb obw `{wnodb {bd`wnzbs å d„bmkdámb gb d` o{hnq {hfbs„ uudnpbcw îf`dbmbcw `q `w{bs bmkdámbs mbcwnhccîs å d„`{wnodb 70#

_nfc`dns`wnhc

gbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`rq bw

bmk`{o`wnhcs



15 ;b OhczBcwnhc

Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw gbz{hcw$ bc whw wbmus$ s„bh{ob{ g„`khwn{ å gbs òoh{gsbc zb g„wndnsb{ dbs mîwahgbs dbs uds mhgb{cbs sb w{hz`cw å db{ gnsuhsnwnhcuh{ òndnwb{ d„ ngbcwno`wnhc gbs c`zn{bs bw bmk`{o`wnhcs znsîs g`cs obw {wnodb#

@nod 77Dbs snfcbs gnswncowns u{îzs å d„`{wnodb 7? cb uh{{hcw ìw{b wndnsîs$ bc wbmus gbu`nq ohmmb bc wbmus gb fb{{b$ pb uh{ gîsnfcb{ h u{hwîfb{ dbs c`zn{bs pn ~ shcw mbcwnhccîs$ shs {îsb{zb gbs o`s pn sb{`nbcw u{îzs u`{ cb w{b Ohczbc-wnhc ncwb{c`wnhc`db h u`{ òoh{g bcw{b whwbs dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ncwî{bssîbs#

@nod 72

Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs$ ghcw d` dîfnsd`wnhc cb sb{`nw u`s gás å u{î-sbcw ss`cwb$ u{bcg{hcw dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ bmuìoab{ bw {îu{nmb{bc whw wbmus whw bmudhn `ksn gbs snfcbs gnswncowns u{îzs å d„`{wnodb 7?#

OA@UNW[B ZNNGD„GD`Z

@nod 7:

Oa`pb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw$ u`{ d„ncwb{mîgn`n{b gb sbs ohmm`cg`cws bc oab$`{` å uh{zhn{ q gîw`nds g„bqîownhc gbs {wnodbs u{îoîgbcws$ ncsn p„ q o`schc u{îzs$ ohch{mîmbcw q u{nconubs fîcî{`q gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

@nod 76Dbs mbs{bs gb {bu{îs`nddbs ohcw{b dbs kdbssîs$ dbs m`d`gbs$ dbs c`{`fîs$ dbub{shccbd$ dbs c`zn{bs h db m`wî{nbd u{hwîfîs u`{ d` Ohczbcwnhc shcw ncwb{gnwbs#

@nod 71Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bcf`fbcw å gnsb{ db uds d`{fbmbcw uhs-snkdb$ bc wbmus gb u`nq bw bc wbmus gb fb{{b$ db wbqwb gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbc-wnhc g`cs db{s u`~s {bsubowns$ bw chw`mmbcw å bc ncoh{uh{b{ d„îwgb g`cs dbsu{hf{`mmbs g„ncsw{ownhc mndnw`n{b bw$ sn uhssnkdb$ onzndb$ gb wbddb m`cná{b pbdbs u{nconubs bc shnbcw ohccs gb d„bcsbmkdb gb d` uhud`wnhc$ chw`mmbcw gbsh{obs `{mîbs ohmk`ww`cwbs$ g ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b bw gbs `m÷cnb{s#

@nod 7>Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs sb ohmmcnpb{hcw u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gOhcsbnd îgî{`d snssb bw$ ubcg`cw dbs ahswndnwîs$ u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gbs Unss`cobsu{hwbow{nobs dbs w{`gownhcs honbddbs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ `ncsn pb dbsdhns bw {áfdbmbcws p„bddbs uh{{hcw ìw{b `mbcîbs å `ghuwb{ uh{ bc `ss{b{d„ùudno`wnhc#

Gîw`nds g„bqî-orwnhc bw o`s

chc u{îzrs

Ncwb{gnownhc

gbs

{bu{îs`nddbs

Gnrsnhc

gb d`

Ohczbcwnhc

W{`grownhcs#

Dhns

g„ùudno`wnhc

Dnmnw`wnhc

gb d„bmudhn

gbs snfcbs

U{îzbcwnhcgbs bmudhns

`krsns




OA@UNW[B ZNNNGD`__G_`K_G_J`_

@nod 25Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bcf`fbcw å u{bcg{b whwb mbs{b dîfns-d`wnzb cîobss`n{b uh{ qb{ dbs s`cownhcs uîc`dbs `gîp`wbs å ùudnpb{ `qub{shccbs `~`cw ohmmns$ h ghccî d„h{g{b gb ohmmbww{b$ d„cb h d„`w{bgbs nc{òwnhcs f{`zbs å d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc gîcnbs å d„`{wnodb snz`cw#

Oa`pb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb `{` d„hkdnf`wnhc gb {boab{oab{ dbs ub{shccbs u{î- zbcbs g„`zhn{ ohmmns$ h g„`zhn{ h{ghccî gb ohmmbww{b$ d „cb h d„`w{b gbobs nc{òwnhcs f{`zbs$ bw bddb gbz{` dbs gîî{b{ å sbs u{hu{bs w{nkc`q$ pbddb

pb shnw db{ c`wnhc`dnwî# Bddb uh{{` `ssn$ sn bddb db u{îá{b$ bw sbdhc dbs ohcgn-wnhcs u{îzbs u`{ s` u{hu{b dîfnsd`wnhc$ dbs {bmbww{b uh{ lfbmbcw å cb `w{bU`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb ncwî{bssîb å d` uh{snwb$ uh{ `w`cw pb obwwb U`{wnbohcw{òw`cwb `nw {bwbc ohcw{b dbsgnwbs ub{shccbs gbs oa`{fbs ss`cwbs#

Oa`pb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb u{bcg{` dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ `n{b obs-sb{ dbs òwbs ohcw{`n{bs `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ `w{bspb dbs nc{òwnhcs f{`zbs gîcnbs å d„`{wnodb snz`cw#

Bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs$ dbs ncoduîs kîcîonb{hcw gb f`{`cwnbs gb u{hoîg{b

bw gb dnk{b gîbcsb pn cb sb{hcw u`s ncî{nb{bs å obddbs u{îzbs u`{ dbs `{-wnodbs 052 bw snz`cws gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb {bd`wnzb ` w{`nwbmbcw gbsu{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b g 0; `hw 0>7>#

@nod 20Dbs nc{òwnhcs f{`zbs znsîbs å d„`{wnodb u{îoîgbcw shcw obddbs pn ohmuh{wbcwd„c h d„`w{b gbs òwbs snz`cws$ s„nds shcw ohmmns ohcw{b gbs ub{shccbs hgbs knbcs u{hwîfîs u`{ d` Ohczbcwnhc 9 d„ahmnongb ncwbcwnhccbd$ d` wh{w{b h

dbs w{`nwbmbcws ncam`ncs$ ~ ohmu{ns dbs bquî{nbcobs knhdhfnpbs$ db `nw gbo`sb{ ncwbcwnhccbddbmbcw gb f{`cgbs sh{`cobs h gb uh{wb{ gbs `wwbncwbsf{`zbs å d„ncwîf{nwî ua~snpb h å d` s`cwî$ d` gbsw{ownhc bw d„ùu{hu{n`wnhc gbknbcs$ chc lswnîbs u`{ gbs cîobssnwîs mndnw`n{bs bw bqîowîbs s{ cb f{`cgbîoabddb gb `æhc nddnonwb bw `{knw{`n{b#

@nod 2;ocb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb cb uh{{` s„bqhcî{b{ bddb-mìmb$ cn bqhcî{b{ cb`w{b U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb$ gbs {bsuhcs`kndnwîs bcoh{bs u`{ bddb-mìmb h u`{ cb

`w{b U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb bc {`nshc gbs nc{òwnhcs u{îzbs å d„`{wnodb u{îoîgbcw#

@nod 2? d` gbm`cgb g„cb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw$ cb bcpìwb gbz{` ìw{b hzb{wb$ sbdhcdb mhgb å qb{ bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ncwî{bssîbs$ ` slbw gb whwb znhd`wnhc `ddî-fîb gb d` Ohczbcwnhc#

_`cownhcs

uîc`dbs

N# Fîcî{`dnwîs

NN# Nc{òwnhcs

f{`zbs

NNN# [bsuhc-

s`kndnwîs

gbs U`{wnbsohcw{òw`cwbs

U{hoîgr{b

g„bcprìwb



1; ;b OhczBcwnhc

_n c òoh{g s{ d` u{hoîg{b g„bcpìwb c„bsw u`s {î`dnsî$ dbs U`{wnbs s„bcwbc-g{hcw uh{ oahnsn{ c `{knw{b$ pn gîongb{` gb d` u{hoîg{b å snz{b#

rcb hns d` znhd`wnhc ohcsw`wîb$ dbs U`{wnbs ohcjnw ~ mbww{hcw c bw d` {îu{n-

mb{hcw db uds {ùngbmbcw uhssnkdb#

G___J`D_

@nod 27D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bsw îw`kdnb bc {`cæ`ns bw bc `cfd`ns# Dbs gbq wbqwbsshcw îf`dbmbcw wabcwnpbs#

Db Ohcsbnd îgî{`d snssb b{` îw`kdn{ gbs w{`gownhcs honbddbs gb d`

Ohczbcwnhc bc d`cfb {ssb bw bc d`cfb bsu`fchdb#

@nod 22D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ pn uh{wb{` d` g`wb gb ob lh{$ uh{{`$ lsp„` 0;îz{nb{ 0>25$ ìw{b snfcîb ` chm gbs Unss`cobs {bu{îsbcwîbs å d` Ohcî{bcobpn s„bsw hzb{wb å Fbcázb db ;0 `z{nd 0>7>$ `ncsn pb gbs Unss`cobs chc {b-u{îsbcwîs å obwwb Ohcî{bcob pn u`{wnonubcw å d` Qb Ohczbcwnhc gb D` A`~bg 01 howhk{b 0>56$ uh{ d„`gùw`wnhc å d` fb{{b m`{nwnmb gbs u{nconubs gb

d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb gb 0>5:$ h `q Ohczbcwnhcs gb Fbcázb$ gb 01:7$gb 0>5: h gb 0>;>$ uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbsg`cs dbs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb#

@nod 2:D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc sb{` {`wnîb `ssnw÷w pb uhssnkdb bw dbs {`wno`wnhcssb{hcw gîuhsîbs å Kb{cb#

Nd sb{` g{bssî g gîu÷w gb oa`pb ncsw{mbcw gb {`wno`wnhc c u{hoás-zb{-

k`d ghcw cb ohunb$ ob{wnîb ohch{mb$ sb{` {bmnsb u`{ db Ohcsbnd îgî{`dsnssb å whwbs dbs Unss`cobs ` chm gbspbddbs d` Ohczbcwnhc `{` îwî sn-fcîb h d„ gaîsnhc chwnîb#

@nod 26D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bcw{b{` bc znfb{ snq mhns ù{ás pb gbq ncsw{-mbcws gb {`wno`wnhc ` mhncs `{hcw îwî gîuhsîs#

rdwî{nb{bmbcw$ bddb bcw{b{` bc znfb{ uh{ oa`pb A`wb U`{wnb ohcw{ò-

w`cwb snq mhns ù{ás db gîu÷w gb shc ncsw{mbcw gb {`wno`wnhc#

@nod 21D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc {bmudòb d` Qb Ohczbcwnhc gb D` A`~b g 01 howhk{b0>56 uh{ d„`gùw`wnhc å d` fb{{b m`{nwnmb gbs u{nconubs gb d` Ohczbcwnhcgb Fbcázb gb 0>5:$ g`cs dbs {ùuh{ws bcw{b dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs#

D`cfrbs

_nfc`wr{b

[`wno`wnhc

Bcw{îb bc

znfrbr{

[bd`wnhc `zbo

d` ohczbcwnhc

gb 0>56




@nod 2>Gás d` g`wb gb shc bcw{îb bc znfb{$ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc sb{` hzb{wb åd„`gaîsnhc gb whwb Unss`cob ` chm gb d`pbddb obwwb Ohczbcwnhc c„`{`

u`s îwî snfcîb#

@nod :5Dbs `gaîsnhcs sb{hcw chwnîbs u`{ îo{nw ` Ohcsbnd îgî{`d snssb bw u{hgn-{hcw db{s bbws snq mhns ù{ás d` g`wb å d`pbddb bddbs dn sb{hcw u`{zbcbs#


@nod :0Dbs snw`wnhcs u{îzbs `q `{wnodbs ; bw ? ghccb{hcw bbw nmmîgn`w `q {`wn-o`wnhcs gîuhsîbs bw `q `gaîsnhcs chwnîbs u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw `z`cwh u{ás db gîkw gbs ahswndnwîs h gb d„hoou`wnhc# D` ohmmcno`wnhc gbs {`-wno`wnhcs h `gaîsnhcs {bæbs gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw sb{` `nwb u`{ db Ohcsbndîgî{`d snssb u`{ d` zhnb d` uds {ùngb#

@nod :;

Oaòcb gbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs `{` d` òdwî gb gîchcob{ d` u{î-sbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#


D` gîchcon`wnhc u{hgn{` sbs bbws c `c ù{ás s` chwno`wnhc ` Ohcsbndîgî{`d snssb# Whwbhns d` gîchcon`wnhc chwnîb `dh{s pb d` Unss`cob gî-chcæ`cwb bsw nmudnpîb g`cs c ohcjnw cb u{hgn{` òc bbw `ssn dhcf-

wbmus pb d` u`nq c„ {` u`s îwî ohcodb bw$ bc whw o`s$ `ssn dhcfwbmus pbdbs huî{`wnhcs gb dnkî{`wnhc bw gb {ù`w{nbmbcw gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs u`{d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc cb sb{hcw u`s wb{mncîbs#

D` gîchcon`wnhc z`g{` sbdbmbcw å d„îf`{g gb d` Unss`cob gîchcæ`cwb# Bddbc„`{` òc bbw s{ dbs hkdnf`wnhcs pb dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw gbmb{b{hcwwbcbs gb {bmudn{ bc zb{w gbs u{nconubs g g{hnw gbs fbcs wbds p„nds {îsd-wbcw gbs s`fbs îw`kdns bcw{b c`wnhcs onzndnsîbs$ gbs dhns gb d„am`cnwî bw gbsbqnfbcobs gb d` ohcsonbcob ukdnpb#

@nod :?Db Ohcsbnd îgî{`d snssb b{` bc{bfnsw{b{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc ` _bo{î-w`{n`w gbs C`wnhcs rcnbs# Db Ohcsbnd îgî{`d snssb nch{mb{` îf`dbmbcw db_bo{îw`{n`w gbs C`wnhcs rcnbs gb whwbs dbs {`wno`wnhcs$ `gaîsnhcs bw gîchc-on`wnhcs p„nd uh{{` {bobzhn{ ` slbw gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

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17 ;b OhczBcwnhc

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J`w å Fbcázb$ db 0; `hw 0>7>$ bc d`cfbs {`cæ`nsb bw `cfd`nsb$ d„h{nfnc`d

gbz`cw ìw{b gîuhsî g`cs dbs {oanzbs gb d` Ohcîgî{`wnhc snssb# Db Ohcsbndîgî{`d snssb w{`csmbww{` cb ohunb ob{wnîb ohch{mb gb d` Ohczbcwnhcå oaòc gbs w`ws snfc`w`n{bs$ `ncsn p„`q w`ws pn `{hcw `gaî{î å dÒhczbcwnhc#




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WNW[B NG___F`D_

@nod 0Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bcf`fbcw å {bsubowb{ bw å `n{b {bsubowb{ dù{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs#







OHCZBCWNHC GB FBCÁZB[BD@WNZB @R W[@NWBMBCW GB_ U[N_HCCNB[_ GB FRB[[BGR 0; @HùW 0>7>

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11 ?b OhczBcwnhc



d„îf`{g gbs ub{shccbs mbcwnhccîbs on-gbsss <`. dbs `wwbncwbs uh{wîbs å d` znb bw å d„ncwîf{nwî oh{uh{bddb$ chw`mmbcw



amndn`cws bw gîf{`g`cws 9g. dbs ohcg`mc`wnhcs u{hchcoîbs bw dbs bqîownhcs bbowîbs s`cs c


;. Dbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs sb{hcw {bobnddns bw shnfcîs#

rc h{f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b nmu`{wn`d$ wbd pb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb dÒ{hnq-[hfb$ uh{{` h{n{ sbs sb{znobs `q U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s„bh{ob{hcw$ g„`w{b u`{w$ gb mbww{b bc znfb{ u`{ zhnb g„òoh{gs suîon`q whw h u`{wnb gbs `w{bs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb

Ohczbcwnhc#

D„ùudno`wnhc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs pn u{îoágbcw c„`{` u`s g„bbw s{ db sw`ww l{ngnpb gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

@nod 7# _hcw u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ ` sbcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ dbs ub{-shccbs pn$ ùu`{wbc`cw å d„cb gbs o`wîfh{nbs snz`cwbs$ shcw whmkîbs ùhzhn{ gb d„bccbmn <

0. dbs mbmk{bs gbs h{obs {mîbs g„cb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw$ gb mìmb pb dbsmbmk{bs gbs mndnobs bw gbs oh{us gb zhdhcw`n{bs `ns`cw u`{wnb gb obsh{obs `{mîbs 9


obs mndnobs h oh{us gb zhdhcw`n{bs$ ~ ohmu{ns obs mhzbmbcws gb {îsns-w`cob h{f`cnsîs$ {bmudnssbcw dbs ohcgnwnhcs snz`cwbs <`. g„`zhn{ å db{ wìwb cb ub{shccb {bsuhcs`kdb uh{ sbs skh{ghccîs 9k. g„`zhn{ c snfcb gnswncown qb bw {bohcc`nss`kdb å gnsw`cob 9o. gb uh{wb{ hzb{wbmbcw dbs `{mbs 9g. gb sb ohch{mb{$ g`cs db{s huî{`wnhcs$ q dhns bw ohwmbs gb d` fb{{b 9

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?. dbs mbmk{bs gbs h{obs {mîbs {îfdná{bs pn sb {îod`mbcw g„c fhzb{-cbmbcw h g„cb `wh{nwî chc {bohccs u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob 9

7. dbs ub{shccbs pn snzbcw dbs h{obs `{mîbs s`cs bc `n{b gn{bowbmbcw

u`{wnb$ wbddbs pb dbs mbmk{bs onznds g„îpnu`fbs g„`znhcs mndnw`n{bs$oh{{bsuhcg`cws gb fb{{b$ h{cnssb{s$ mbmk{bs g„cnwîs gb w{`z`nd hgb sb{znobs oa`{fîs g knbc-ìw{b gbs h{obs `{mîbs$ å ohcgnwnhc p„bddbsbc `nbcw {bæ d„`wh{ns`wnhc gbs h{obs `{mîbs p„bddbs òohmu`fcbcw$obddbs-on îw`cw wbcbs gb db{ gîdnz{b{ å obw bbw cb o`{wb g„ngbcwnwîsbmkd`kdb mhgádb ccbqî 9

2. dbs mbmk{bs gbs îpnu`fbs$ ~ ohmu{ns dbs ohmm`cg`cws$ undhwbs bw ù-u{bcwns$ gb d` m`{ncb m`{oa`cgb bw dbs îpnu`fbs gb d„`zn`wnhc onzndb gbs

U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw pn cb kîcîonbcw u`s g„c w{`nwbmbcw uds `zh{`kdbbc zb{w g„ w{bs gnsuhsnwnhcs g g{hnw ncwb{c`wnhc`d 9

:. d` uhud`wnhc g„c wb{{nwhn{b chc hoouî pn$ å d„ùu{hoab gb d„bccbmn$u{bcg suhcw`cîmbcw dbs {mbs uh{ ohmk`ww{b dbs w{hubs g„ncz`snhc s`cs`zhn{ b db wbmus gb sb ohcswnwb{ bc h{obs `{mîbs {îfdná{bs$ sn bddb uh{wbhzb{wbmbcw dbs `{mbs bw sn bddb {bsubowb dbs dhns bw ohwmbs gb d` fb{{b#

K# Kîcîonb{hcw îf`dbmbcw g w{`nwbmbcw {îsb{zî u`{ d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b <

0. dbs ub{shccbs ùu`{wbc`cw h `~`cw ùu`{wbc `q h{obs `{mîbs g u`~shoouî sn$ bc {`nshc gb obwwb uu`{wbc`cob$ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb$ mìmbsn bddb dbs ` ncnwn`dbmbcw dnkî{îbs ubcg`cw pb dbs ahswndnwîs sb uh{snzbcwbc gbah{s g wb{{nwhn{b p„bddb hooub$ bswnmb cîobss`n{b gb u{hoîgb{ ådb{ ncwb{cbmbcw$ chw`mmbcw ù{ás cb wbcw`wnzb gb obs ub{shccbs chcoh{hccîb gb sooás uh{ {blhncg{b dbs h{obs `{mîbs `qpbddbs bddbsùu`{wnbccbcw bw pn shcw bcf`fîbs g`cs db ohmk`w$ h dh{sp„bddbs c„hk-wbmuá{bcw u`s å cb shmm`wnhc pn db{ bsw `nwb `q cs g„ncwb{cbmbcw 9

;. dbs ub{shccbs ùu`{wbc`cw å d„cb gbs o`wîfh{nbs îcmî{îbs ` u{îsbcw`{wnodb pb gbs Unss`cobs cbw{bs h chc kbddnfî{`cwbs hcw {bæbs s{db{ wb{{nwhn{b bw p„bddbs shcw wbcbs g„ncwb{cb{ bc zb{w g g{hnw ncwb{-c`wnhc`d$ shs {îsb{zb gb whw w{`nwbmbcw uds `zh{`kdb pb obs Uns-s`cob lfb{`nbcw khc gb db{ ooh{gb{ bw bqobuwnhc `nwb gbs gnsuhsnwnhcsgbs `{wnodbs 1$ 05$ 02$ ?5 oncpnámb `dncî`$ 21 å :6 ncods$ >;$ 0;: bw$dh{spb gbs {bd`wnhcs gnudhm`wnpbs bqnswbcw bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnwbw d` Unss`cob cbw{b h chc kbddnfî{`cwb ncwî{bssîb$ gbs gnsuhsnwnhcspn ohcob{cbcw d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob# Dh{spb gb wbddbs {bd`wnhcsgnudhm`wnpbs bqnswbcw$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ghcw gîubcgbcw obs ub{-shccbs sb{hcw `wh{nsîbs å bqb{ob{ å d„îf`{g gb obddbs-on dbs hcownhcsgîzhdbs `q Unss`cob u{hwbow{nobs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc s`cs



>5 ?b OhczBcwnhc

u{îlgnob gb obddbs pb obs U`{wnbs bqb{obcw ch{m`dbmbcw bc zb{w gbss`fbs bw gbs w{`nwîs gnudhm`wnps bw ohcsd`n{bs$

O# Db u{îsbcw `{wnodb {îsb{zb db sw`ww g ub{shccbd mîgno`d bw {bdnfnbq wbdp„nd bsw u{îz å d„`{wnodb ?? gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

@nod 2D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc s„ùudnpb{` `q ub{shccbs znsîbs å d„`{wnodb 7 gásp„bddbs sb{hcw whmkîbs ` uhzhn{ gb d„bccbmn bw lsp„å db{ dnkî{`wnhc bwdb{ {ù`w{nbmbcw gîcnwns#

_„nd ~ ` ghwb s{ d„ùu`{wbc`cob å d„cb gbs o`wîfh{nbs îcmî{îbs å d„`{wnodb

7 gbs ub{shccbs pn hcw ohmmns c òwb gb kbddnfî{`cob bw pn shcw whmkîbs`q m`ncs gb d„bccbmn$ dbsgnwbs ub{shccbs kîcîonb{hcw gb d` u{hwbownhc gbd` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bc `wwbcg`cw pb db{ sw`ww `nw îwî gîwb{mncî u`{ cw{nkc`d ohmuîwbcw#

@nod :Bc gbah{s gbs òoh{gs bqu{bssîmbcw u{îzs u`{ dbs `{wnodbs 05$ ;?$ ;1$ ??$ :5$:2$ ::$ :6$ 6;$ 6?$ 62$ 05>$ 005$ 001$ 00>$ 0;; bw 0?;$ dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{ò-

w`cwbs uh{{hcw ohcod{b g„`w{bs òoh{gs suîon`q s{ whwb pbswnhc p„nddb{ u`{`ãw{`nw huuh{wc gb {îfdb{ u`{wnodná{bmbcw# oc òoh{g suîon`d cbuh{{` uh{wb{ u{îlgnob å d` snw`wnhc gbs u{nshccnb{s$ wbddb p„bddb bsw {îfdîbu`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ cn {bsw{bncg{b dbs g{hnws pb obddb-on db{ ooh{gb#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b {bswb{hcw ` kîcîob gb obs òoh{gs `ssn dhcf-wbmus pb d` Ohczbcwnhc db{ bsw ùudno`kdb$ s` swnud`wnhcs ohcw{`n{bsohcwbcbs bqu{bssîmbcw g`cs dbs ssgnws òoh{gs h g`cs gbs òoh{gs d-wî{nb{s$ h îf`dbmbcw s` mbs{bs uds `zh{`kdbs u{nsbs å db{ îf`{g u`{d„cb h d„`w{b gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

@nod 6Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb uh{{hcw bc òc o`s {bchcob{ u`{wnbddbmbcwh whw`dbmbcw `q g{hnws pb db{ `ss{b d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bw$ db o`sîoaî`cw$ dbs òoh{gs suîon`q znsîs å d„`{wnodb u{îoîgbcw#

@nod 1D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc sb{` ùudnpîb `zbo db ohcoh{s bw shs db ohcw{÷db

gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs oa`{fîbs gb s`zbf`{gb{ dbs ncwî{ìws gbs U`{-wnbs ` ohcjnw# obw bbw$ dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs uh{{hcw$ bc gbah{sgb db{ ub{shccbd gnudhm`wnpb h ohcsd`n{b$ gîsnfcb{ gbs gîdîfîs u`{mndb{s u{hu{bs {bssh{wnss`cws h u`{mn dbs {bssh{wnss`cws g„`w{bs Unss`cobscbw{bs# Obs gîdîfîs gbz{hcw ìw{b shmns å d„`f{îmbcw gb d` Unss`cob `-u{ás gb d`pbddb nds bqb{ob{hcw db{ mnssnhc#

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DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> >0


Dbs {bu{îsbcw`cws h gîdîfîs gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs cb gbz{hcw bc `-

oc o`s gîu`ssb{ dbs dnmnwbs gb db{ mnssnhc$ wbddb p„bddb {bssh{w gb d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc 9 nds gbz{hcw chw`mmbcw wbcn{ ohmuwb gbs cîobssnwîs nmuî{nbsbsgb sîo{nwî gb d„w`w ù{ás gpbd nds bqb{obcw db{s hcownhcs#

@nod >Dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc cb hcw u`s hkswòdb `q òwnznwîsam`cnw`n{bs pb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb$ `ncsn pb gbwhw `w{b h{f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b nmu`{wn`d$ bcw{bu{bcg{` uh{ d` u{hwbo-

wnhc gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b bw uh{ dbs sboh{s å db{ uuh{wb{$ mh~bcc`cwd„`f{îmbcw gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ncwî{bssîbs#

@nod 05Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs uh{{hcw$ bc whw wbmus$ s„bcwbcg{b uh{ohcb{ å c h{f`cnsmb u{îsbcw`cw whwbs f`{`cwnbs g„nmu`{wn`dnwî bw g„boòn-wî dbs wëoabs gîzhdbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc q Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs#

_n gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb kîcîonbcw u`s h cb kîcîonbcw uds$ pbddb

p„bc shnw d` {`nshc$ gb d„òwnznwî g„cb Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob h g„c h{f`-cnsmb gîsnfcî ohch{mîmbcw å d„`dncî` u{bmnb{$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gb- z{` gbm`cgb{ shnw å c w`w cbw{b$ shnw å c wbd h{f`cnsmb$ g„`ssmb{ dbshcownhcs gîzhdbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc `q Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobsgîsnfcîbs u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

_n cb u{hwbownhc cb ubw ìw{b `ncsn `ss{îb$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gbz{`gbm`cgb{ å c h{f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b$ wbd pb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gbd` O{hnq-[hfb$ g„`ssmb{ dbs wëoabs am`cnw`n{bs gîzhdbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb

Ohczbcwnhc `q Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs h gbz{` òobuwb{$ shs {îsb{zbgbs gnsuhsnwnhcs g u{îsbcw `{wnodb$ dbs h{bs gb sb{znob îm`c`cw g„c wbdh{f`cnsmb#

Whwb Unss`cob cbw{b h whw h{f`cnsmb ncznwî u`{ d` Unss`cob ncwî{bs-sîb h s„h{`cw `q cs ssmbcwnhccîbs gbz{`$ g`cs shc òwnznwî$ {bswb{ohcsonbcwb gb s` {bsuhcs`kndnwî bczb{s d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw ghcw {bdázbcw dbsub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ bw gbz{` h{cn{ gbs f`-{`cwnbs ss`cwbs gb oùònwî uh{ `ssmb{ dbs hcownhcs bc pbswnhc bw dbs

{bmudn{ `zbo nmu`{wn`dnwî#Nd cb uh{{` ìw{b gî{hfî `q gnsuhsnwnhcs pn u{îoágbcw u`{ òoh{g u`{wno-dnb{ bcw{b gbs Unss`cobs ghcw d„cb sb w{hzb{`nw$ mìmb wbmuh{`n{bmbcw$ zns-å-zns gb d„ w{b Unss`cob h gb sbs `ddnîs$ dnmnwîb g`cs s` dnkb{wî gb cîfh-on`wnhc u`{ snwb gbs îzîcbmbcws mndnw`n{bs$ chw`mmbcw bc o`s g„cb hoo-u`wnhc gb d` whw`dnwî h g„cb u`{wnb nmuh{w`cwb gb shc wb{{nwhn{b#

@ownznwîs

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>; ?b OhczBcwnhc


@nod 00G`cs whs dbs o`s hþ bddbs db lfb{hcw wndb g`cs d„ncwî{ìw gbs ub{shccbsu{hwîfîbs$ chw`mmbcw bc o`s gb gîsòoh{g bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s{d„ùudno`wnhc h d„ncwb{u{îw`wnhc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs u{ìwb{hcw db{s khcs hobs `q cs gb {áfdbmbcwg gnî{bcg#

obw bbw$ oaòcb gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs uh{{`$ s{ d „ncznw`wnhc g„cb

U`{wnb h suhcw`cîmbcw$ u{huhsb{ `q U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw cb {îcnhc gb db{s{bu{îsbcw`cws bw$ bc u`{wnodnb{$ gbs `wh{nwîs oa`{fîbs g sh{w gbs u{nshccnb{sgb fb{{b$ îzbcwbddbmbcw s{ c wb{{nwhn{b cbw{b ohczbc`kdbmbcw oahnsn#Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw sb{hcw wbcbs gb ghccb{ snwb `q u{huhsnwnhcs pndb{ sb{hcw `nwbs g`cs ob sbcs# Dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs uh{{hcw$ db o`sîoaî`cw$ u{huhsb{ å d„`f{îmbcw gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw cb ub{shcc`dnwî ùu`{-wbc`cw å cb Unss`cob cbw{b$ h cb ub{shcc`dnwî gîdîfîb u`{ db Ohmnwîncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb$ pn sb{` ùubdîb å u`{wnonub{ å obwwb {îcnhc#

WNW[B NNF`DG___GF

@nod 0;Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b shcw ` uhzhn{ gb d` Unss`cob bccbmnb$ m`nschc gbs ncgnzngs h gbs oh{us gb w{hub pn dbs hcw `nws u{nshccnb{s# Ncgî-ubcg`mmbcw gbs {bsuhcs`kndnwîs ncgnzngbddbs pn ubzbcw bqnswb{$ d` Uns-

s`cob gîwbcw{nob bsw {bsuhcs`kdb g w{`nwbmbcw pn db{ bsw ùudnpî#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb ubzbcw ìw{b w{`csî{îs u`{ d` Unss`cob gî-wbcw{nob p„å cb Unss`cob u`{wnb å d` Ohczbcwnhc bw dh{spb d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob s„bsw `ss{îb pb d` Unss`cob bc pbswnhc bsw gîsn{bsb bw å mìmbg„ùudnpb{ d` Ohczbcwnhc# P`cg gbs u{nshccnb{s shcw `ncsn w{`csî{îs$ d`{bsuhcs`kndnwî gb d„ùudno`wnhc gb d` Ohczbcwnhc ncohmkb{` å d` Unss`cobpn ` òobuwî gb dbs òobnddn{ ubcg`cw db wbmus p„nds dn sb{hcw ohcîs#

Cî`cmhncs$ ` o`s hþ obwwb Unss`cob m`cpb{`nw å sbs hkdnf`wnhcs g„bqîo-wb{ dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` Ohczbcwnhc$ s{ whw uhncw nmuh{w`cw$ d` Unss`cobu`{ d` d`pbddb dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b hcw îwî w{`csî{îs ghnw$ å d` snwbg„cb chwno`wnhc gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ u{bcg{b gbs mbs{bs boòbsuh{ {bmîgnb{ å d` snw`wnhc$ h gbm`cgb{ pb dn shnbcw {bczh~îs dbs u{nshc-cnb{s gb fb{{b# Nd gbz{` ìw{b s`wns`nw å obwwb gbm`cgb#

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@nod 0?Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ghnzbcw ìw{b w{`nwîs bc whw wbmus `zbo am`cnwî#Whw òwb h hmnssnhc nddnonwb gb d` u`{w gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bcw{`ãc`cw

d` mh{w h mbww`cw f{`zbmbcw bc g`cfb{ d` s`cwî g„c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{bbc shc uhzhn{ bsw ncwb{gnw bw sb{` ohcsngî{î ohmmb cb f{`zb nc{òwnhc åd` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc# Bc u`{wnodnb{$ òc u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b cb uh{-{` ìw{b shmns å cb mwnd`wnhc ua~snpb h å cb bquî{nbcob mîgno`db hsonbcwnpb gb pbdpb c`w{b p„bddb shnw pn cb sb{`nw u`s lswnîb u`{ db w{`n-wbmbcw mîgno`d g u{nshccnb{ ncwî{bssî bw pn cb sb{`nw u`s g`cs shc ncwî{ìw#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ghnzbcw gb mìmb ìw{b u{hwîfîs bc whw wbmus$ ch-w`mmbcw ohcw{b whw òwb gb znhdbcob h g„ncwnmng`wnhc$ ohcw{b dbs ncsdwbs

bw d` o{nhsnwî ukdnpb#Dbs mbs{bs gb {bu{îs`nddbs å db{ îf`{g shcw ncwb{gnwbs#

@nod 07Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b hcw g{hnw bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs {bsubow gb db{ub{shccb bw gb db{ ahccb{#

Dbs bmmbs ghnzbcw ìw{b w{`nwîbs `zbo whs dbs îf`{gs gs å db{ sbqb bw kî-cîonb{ bc whw o`s g„c w{`nwbmbcw `ssn `zh{`kdb pb obdn pn bsw òoh{gî

`q ahmmbs#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ohcsb{zbcw db{ udbncb oùònwî onzndb wbddb p„bddbbqnsw`nw ` mhmbcw hþ nds hcw îwî `nws u{nshccnb{s# D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nobcb uh{{` bc dnmnwb{ d„bqb{onob shnw s{ shc wb{{nwhn{b$ shnw bc gbah{s$ pb g`csd` mbs{b hþ d` oùwnznwî d„bqnfb#

@nod 02D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{` wbcb gb uh{zhn{

f{`wnwbmbcw å db{ bcw{bwnbc bw gb db{ òoh{gb{ f{`wnwbmbcw dbs shncs mî-gno`q pb cîobssnwb db{ îw`w gb s`cwî#

@nod 0:Ohmuwb wbc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc {bd`wnzbs ` f{`gb`ncsn p„` sbqb$ bw shs {îsb{zb gb whw w{`nwbmbcw u{nzndîfnî pn sb{`nw ò-oh{gî q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b bc {`nshc gb db{ îw`w gb s`cwî$ gb db{ ëfb hgb db{s ùwnwgbs u{hbssnhccbddbs$ dbs u{nshccnb{s ghnzbcw whs ìw{b w{`nwîs

gb d` mìmb m`cná{b u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ s`cs òcb gnswncownhc gbo`{òwá{b gî`zh{`kdb$ gb {òb$ gb c`wnhc`dnwî$ gb {bdnfnhc$ g„huncnhcs uhdn-wnpbs h `w{b$ hcgîb s{ gbs o{nwá{bs `c`dhfbs#

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>7 ?b OhczBcwnhc

WNW[B NNN`Z

_BOWNHC NGîkrwgbdouwnznwî

@nod 06Oa`pb u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b cb sb{` wbc gb gîod`{b{$ p`cg nd bsw ncwb{{hfîå ob slbw$ pb sbs chm$ u{îchms bw f{`gb$ s` g`wb gb c`nss`cob bw shc cmî{hm`w{nodb h$ å gî`w$ cb ncgno`wnhc îpnz`dbcwb#

G`cs db o`s hþ nd bc{bncg{`nw zhdhcw`n{bmbcw obwwb {áfdb$ nd {nspb{`nw gb s„bq-uhsb{ å cb {bsw{nownhc gbs `z`cw`fbs òoh{gîs `q u{nshccnb{s gb shc f{`gbh sw`ww#

Oa`pb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw sb{` wbcb gb h{cn{ å whwb ub{shccb udòîb shss` l{ngnownhc$ pn bsw ssobuwnkdb gb gbzbcn{ u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b$ cb o`{wbg„ngbcwnwî ncgnp`cw sbs chm$ u{îchms bw f{`gb$ cmî{h m`w{nodb h nc-gno`wnhc îpnz`dbcwb bw s` g`wb gb c`nss`cob# Obwwb o`{wb g„ngbcwnwî uh{{`bc hw{b ohmuh{wb{ d` snfc`w{b h dbs bmu{bncwbs gnfnw`dbs h dbs gbq$

`ncsn pb whwbs `w{bs ncgno`wnhcs pb dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ubzbcw ìw{bgîsn{bsbs g„`lhwb{ ohcob{c`cw dbs ub{shccbs ùu`{wbc`cw å db{s h{obs `{-mîbs# w`cw pb uhssnkdb$ bddb mbs{b{` :$2¥q¥05¥om bw sb{` îw`kdnb bc ghkdbbqbmud`n{b$ Db u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b gbz{` u{îsbcwb{ obwwb o`{wb g„ngbcwnwî åwhwb {îpnsnwnhc$ m`ns bddb cb uh{{` bc òc o`s dn ìw{b bcdbzîb#

ocb wh{w{b ua~snpb h mh{`db cn òcb ohcw{`ncwb cb uh{{` ìw{bbqb{oîb s{ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b uh{ hkwbcn{ g„bq gbs {bcsbnfcbmbcwsgb pbdpb sh{wb pb ob shnw# Dbs u{nshccnb{s pn {bsb{hcw gb {îuhcg{b cbuh{{hcw ìw{b cn mbcòîs$ cn ncsdwîs$ cn bquhsîs å gbs gîs`f{îmbcws h gî-s`z`cw`fbs gb pbdpb c`w{b pb ob shnw#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn sb w{hzbcw g`cs d„ncoùònwî$ bc {`nshc gb db{îw`w ua~snpb h mbcw`d$ gb ghccb{ db{ ngbcwnwî$ sb{hcw ohcîs _b{znob gbs`cwî# D„ngbcwnwî gb obs u{nshccnb{s sb{` îw`kdnb u`{ whs dbs mh~bcs uhssnkdbs$shs {îsb{zb gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`dncî` u{îoîgbcw#

D„ncwb{{hf`whn{b gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b `{` dnb g`cs cb d`cfb p„ndsohmu{bccbcw#

@nod 01Whs dbs bbws bw hklbws g„s`fb ub{shccbd - s` dbs {mbs$ dbs oabz`q$ d „îpn-ubmbcw mndnw`n{b bw dbs ghombcws mndnw`n{bs - {bswb{hcw bc d` uhssbssnhc gbsu{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ `ncsn pb dbs o`spbs mîw`ddnpbs$ dbs m`spbs ohcw{bdbs f`| bw whs dbs `w{bs `{wnodbs pn db{ hcw îwî {bmns uh{ db{ u{hwbownhc

Ncwb{{hf`-

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ub{shccbddb# [bswb{hcw îf`dbmbcw bc db{ uhssbssnhc dbs bbws bw hklbws sb{- z`cw å db{ a`knddbmbcw bw å db{ `dnmbcw`wnhc$ mìmb sn obs bbws bw hklbwsùu`{wnbccbcw å db{ îpnubmbcw mndnw`n{b honbd#

òc mhmbcw dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb gbz{hcw sb w{hzb{ s`cs gh-ombcw g„ngbcwnwî# D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bc h{cn{` c å obq pn c„bcuhsságbcw u`s#

Dbs ncsnfcbs gb f{`gb bw gb c`wnhc`dnwî$ dbs gîoh{`wnhcs bw dbs hklbws `~`cws{whw cb z`db{ ub{shccbddb h sbcwnmbcw`db cb uh{{hcw u`s ìw{b bcdbzîs`q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

Dbs shmmbs ghcw shcw uh{wbr{s dbs u{nshccnb{s gb frb{{b cb uhr{{hcw dbr{

ìw{b bcdbzîbs prb sr{ d„h{g{b g„rc honb{ bw ù{ás pr„`r{hcw îwî ohcsnfcîs

g`cs rc {bfnsw{b suîon`d db mhcw`cw gb obs shmmbs bw db snfc`dbmbcw gb dbr{

uhssbssbr{$ bw ù{ás prb ob gb{cnb{ sb sb{` zr gîdnz{b{ rc {bær gîw`nddî uh{-

w`cw d` mbcwnhc dnsnkdb gr chm$ gr f{`gb bw gb d„rcnwî gb d` ub{shccb prn

`r{` gîdnz{î db {bær bc prbswnhc# Dbs shmmbs prn shcw g`cs d` mhcc`nb gb

d` Urnss`cob gîwbcw{nob hr prn$ å d` gbm`cgb gr u{nshccnb{$ shcw ohczb{wnbs

bc obwwb mhcc`nb$ sb{hcw uh{wîbs r o{îgnw gr ohmuwb gr u{nshccnb{$ ohch{-

mîmbcw å d„`{wnodb :7#

rcb Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob cb uh{{` {bwn{b{ å gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gbs

hklbws gb z`db{ pb uh{ gbs {`nshcs gb sîo{nwî# G`cs ob o`s$ d` u{hoîg{bùudnpîb sb{` d` mìmb pb uh{ db {bw{`nw gbs shmmbs g„ {fbcw#

Obs hklbws$ `ncsn pb dbs shmmbs {bwn{îbs pn sb{`nbcw g`cs cb `w{b mhc-c`nb pb obddb gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bw ghcw db uhssbssb{ c„`{`nw u`sgbm`cgî d` ohczb{snhc$ gbz{hcw ìw{b f`{gîs u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bw{bcgs ` u{nshccnb{$ shs db{ h{mb ncnwn`db$ å d` c gb s` oùwnznwî#

@nod 0>

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw îzòîs$ g`cs db uds k{b gîd`n uhssnkdbù{ás `zhn{ îwî `nws u{nshccnb{s$ zb{s gbs o`mus snwîs `ssb| dhnc gb d` |hcbgb ohmk`w uh{ ìw{b ah{s gb g`cfb{#

Cb uh{{hcw ìw{b m`ncwbcs$ wbmuh{`n{bmbcw$ g`cs cb |hcb g`cfb{bsb pbdbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn$ bc {`nshc gb db{s kdbss{bs h gb db{s m`d`-gnbs$ oh{{`nbcw gb uds f{`cgs {nspbs å ìw{b îzòîs p„å {bswb{ s{ udòb#Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb sb{hcw u`s ncwndbmbcw bquhsîs ` g`cfb{$ bc`wwbcg`cw db{ îzò`wnhc g„cb |hcb gb ohmk`w#

@nod ;5D„îzò`wnhc g u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b s„bbowb{` whlh{s `zbo am`cnwî bwg`cs gbs ohcgnwnhcs sbmkd`kdbs å obddbs pn shcw `nwbs q w{hubs gb d` Uns-s`cob gîwbcw{nob g`cs db{s gîudòbmbcws#

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>: ?b OhczBcwnhc

D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob h{cn{` `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b îzòîs gb d„bùhw`kdb bw gb d` ch{{nw{b bc ss`cob `ncsn pb dbs zìwbmbcws bw dbs shncsmîgno`q cîobss`n{bs 9 bddb u{bcg{` whwbs dbs u{îo`wnhcs wndbs uh{ `ss{b{

db{ sîo{nwî ubcg`cw d„îzò`wnhc bw bddb îw`kdn{` `ssnw÷w pb uhssnkdb d` dnswbgbs u{nshccnb{s îzòîs#

_n dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ghnzbcw u`ssb{$ g{`cw d„îzò`wnhc$ u`{ gbso`mus gb w{`csnw$ db{ sîlh{ g`cs obs o`mus sb{` `ssn k{b pb uhssnkdb#

_BOWNHC NNcwb{cbmbcwgbsu{nshccnb{sgbfrb{{b

OA@UNW[B NF

@nod ;0D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob uh{{` shmbww{b dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b å d„nc-wb{cbmbcw# Bddb uh{{` db{ nmuhsb{ d „hkdnf`wnhc gb cb u`s s„îdhnfcb{ `-gbdåg„cb ob{w`ncb dnmnwb g o`mu hþ nds shcw ncwb{cîs h$ sn ob o`mu bsw od÷w{î$gb cb u`s bc {`coan{ d„bcobncwb# _hs {îsb{zb gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc {bd`wnzbs `q s`cownhcs uîc`dbs bw gnsonudnc`n{bs$ obs u{nshccnb{scb uh{{hcw ìw{b bcb{mîs h ohcsnfcîs pb sn obwwb mbs{b s„`zá{b cîobs-s`n{b å d` u{hwbownhc gb db{ s`cwî 9 obwwb snw`wnhc cb uh{{` bc whw o`s sbu{hdhcfb{ `-gbdå gbs on{ohcsw`cobs pn d „ {hcw {bcgb cîobss`n{b#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b uh{{hcw ìw{b mns u`{wnbddbmbcw h whw`dbmbcw bcdnkb{wî s{ u`{hdb h s{ bcf`fbmbcw$ uh{ w`cw pb dbs dhns gb d` Unss`cobghcw nds gîubcgbcw db db{ ub{mbwwbcw# Obwwb mbs{b sb{` u{nsb chw`mmbcw

g`cs dbs o`s hþ bddb ubw ohcw{nkb{ å d„`mîdnh{`wnhc gb d„îw`w gb s`cwî gbs u{n-shccnb{s# oc u{nshccnb{ cb sb{` ohcw{`ncw g„òobuwb{ s` dnkb{wî s{ u`{hdbh s{ bcf`fbmbcw#

Gás d„hzb{w{b gbs ahswndnwîs$ oa`pb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw chwnb{` å d` U`{wnb`gzb{sb dbs dhns bw {áfdbmbcws pn ub{mbwwbcw h ncwb{gnsbcw å sbs {bssh{wns-s`cws g„ oobuwb{ d` dnkb{wî s{ u`{hdb h s{ bcf`fbmbcw# Dbs u{nshccnb{s mnsbc dnkb{wî s{ u`{hdb h s{ bcf`fbmbcw ohch{mîmbcw `q dhns bw {áfdb-mbcws `ncsn chwnîs sb{hcw hkdnfîs$ s{ db{ ahccb{ ub{shccbd$ gb {bmudn{

so{udbsbmbcw$ w`cw bczb{s d` Unss`cob ghcw nds gîubcgbcw p„bczb{s obddbpn dbs ` `nws u{nshccnb{s$ dbs bcf`fbmbcws p„nd `{`nbcw ohcw{òwîs# G`cs gbwbds o`s$ d` Unss`cob ghcw nds gîubcgbcw sb{` wbcb gb c„bqnfb{ cn g„òobuwb{g„bq òc sb{znob ohcw{`n{b å d` u`{hdb h å d„bcf`fbmbcw ghccîs#

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@nod ;;Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb uh{{hcw ìw{b ncwb{cîs pb g`cs gbs îw`kdnssb-mbcws snwîs s{ wb{{b b{mb bw u{îsbcw`cw whwbs f`{`cwnbs g„a~fnácb bw gb

s`dk{nwî 9 s` g`cs gbs o`s suîon`q lswnîs u`{ d„ncwî{ìw gbs u{nshccnb{sbq-mìmbs$ obq-on cb sb{hcw u`s ncwb{cîs g`cs gbs uîcnwbconb{s#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ncwb{cîs g`cs gbs {îfnhcs m`ds`ncbs h ghcw dbodnm`w db{ bsw ub{cnonbq sb{hcw w{`csuh{wîs `ssnw÷w pb uhssnkdb shs codnm`w uds `zh{`kdb#

D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob f{hub{` dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b g`cs dbs o`mus hsbownhcs gb o`mus bc wbc`cw ohmuwb gb db{ c`wnhc`dnwî$ gb db{ d`cfb bw gbdb{s ohwmbs$ shs {îsb{zb pb obs u{nshccnb{s cb shnbcw u`s sîu`{îs gbs u{n-

shccnb{s gb fb{{b uu`{wbc`cw q h{obs {mîbs g`cs dbspbddbs nds sb{z`nbcw` mhmbcw hþ nds hcw îwî `nws u{nshccnb{s$ å mhncs p„nds c„~ ohcsbcwbcw#

@nod ;?oc u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b cb uh{{`$ å pbdpb mhmbcw pb ob shnw$ ìw{bbczh~î h {bwbc g`cs cb {îfnhc hþ nd sb{`nw bquhsî ` b gb d` |hcb gbohmk`w$ cn ìw{b wndnsî uh{ mbww{b u`{ s` u{îsbcob ob{w`ncs uhncws h ob{-w`ncbs {îfnhcs å d„`k{n gbs huî{`wnhcs mndnw`n{bs#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gnsuhsb{hcw$ ` mìmb gbf{î pb d` uhud`wnhconzndb dho`db$ g„`k{ns ohcw{b dbs khmk`{gbmbcws `î{nbcs bw `w{bs g`cfb{s gbfb{{b 9 å d„bqobuwnhc gb obq g„bcw{b bq pn u`{wnonub{`nbcw å d` u{hwbownhcgb db{s o`cwhccbmbcws ohcw{b obs g`cfb{s$ nds uh{{hcw sb {bcg{b g`cs dbs`k{ns `ssn {ùngbmbcw pb uhssnkdb$ gás pb d„`db{wb `{` îwî ghccîb# Whwb`w{b mbs{b gb u{hwbownhc pn sb{`nw u{nsb bc `zb{ gb d` uhud`wnhc db{sb{` îf`dbmbcw ùudnpîb#

Dbs Unss`cobs gîwbcw{nobs sb ohmmcnpb{hcw {îonu{hpbmbcw$ u`{ d„bcw{b-

mnsb gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs$ whwbs ncgno`wnhcs wndbs s{ d` snw`wnhcfîhf{ùanpb gbs o`mus gb u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

Oa`pb hns pb dbs ohcsngî{`wnhcs g„h{g{b mndnw`n{b db ub{mbww{hcw$ dbs o`musgb u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw snfc`dnsîs gb lh{ mh~bc gbs dbww{bs UF hUV udòîbs gb `æhc å ìw{b zbs gnswncowbmbcw g a`w gbs n{s 9 whwbhns$ dbsUnss`cobs ncwî{bssîbs uh{{hcw ohczbcn{ g„c w{b mh~bc gb snfc`dns`wnhc#_bds dbs o`mus gb u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b uh{{hcw ìw{b snfc`dnsîs gb obwwbm`cná{b#

@nod ;7Dbs o`mus gb w{`csnw h gb w{n`fb å o`{òwá{b ub{m`cbcw sb{hcw `mîc`fîsg`cs gbs ohcgnwnhcs sbmkd`kdbs å obddbs pn hcw îwî u{îzbs å d` u{îsbcwb _bo-wnhc$ bw dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ~ kîcîonb{hcw g mìmb {îfnmb pb g`csdbs `w{bs o`mus#

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>1 ?b OhczBcwnhc

OA@UNW[B NND$

@nod ;2Dbs ohcgnwnhcs gb dhfbmbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw ssn `zh{`kdbspb obddbs pn shcw {îsb{zîbs `q w{hubs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob o`cwhc-cîbs g`cs d` mìmb {îfnhc# Obs ohcgnwnhcs gbz{hcw wbcn{ ohmuwb gbs mş{sbw ohwmbs gbs u{nshccnb{s bw cb gbz{hcw$ bc òc o`s$ ìw{b u{îlgnon`kdbså db{ s`cwî#

Dbs swnud`wnhcs pn u{îoágbcw s„ùudnpb{hcw chw`mmbcw `q gh{whn{s gbsu{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ w`cw uh{ d` s{òb whw`db bw db okb g„`n{ mncnmm

pb uh{ d„`mîc`fbmbcw bw db m wî{nbd gb ohoa`fb$ ~ ohmu{ns dbs ohzb{w{bs#Dbs dho`q `bowîs å d„s`fb w`cw ncgnzngbd pb ohddbown gbs u{nshccnb{s gbfb{{b gbz{hcw ìw{b bcwná{bmbcw å d„`k{n gb d„amngnwî$ ss`mmbcw oa`-îs bw îod`n{îs$ chw`mmbcw bcw{b d` whmkîb gb d` cnw bw d„bqwncownhc gbs bq#Whwbs u{îo`wnhcs gbz{hcw ìw{b u{nsbs ohcw{b dbs g`cfb{s g„ncobcgnb#

G`cs whs dbs o`mus hþ gbs u{nshccná{bs gb fb{{b sb w{hzbcw o`cwhccîbs bcmìmb wbmus pb gbs u{nshccnb{s$ gbs gh{whn{s sîu`{îs db{ sb{hcw {îsb{zîs#

@nod ;:D` {`wnhc phwngnbccb gb k`sb sb{` ss`cwb bc p`cwnwî$ p`dnwî bw z`{nîwîuh{ m`ncwbcn{ dbs u{nshccnb{s bc khccb s`cwî$ bw bmuìoab{ cb ub{wb gbuhngs h gbs w{hkdbs gb o`{bcob# Hc wnbcg{` ohmuwb îf`dbmbcw g {îfnmb`pbd shcw a`knwîs dbs u{nshccnb{s#

D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob h{cn{` `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn w{`z`nddbcwdbs suudîmbcws gb ch{{nw{b cîobss`n{bs uh{ d „ oohmudnssbmbcw g w{`z`nd`pbd nds shcw bmudh~îs#

Gb d„b` uhw`kdb bc ss`cob sb{` h{cnb q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b# D„s`fbg w`kò sb{` `wh{nsî#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw `sshonîs g`cs whwb d` mbs{b g uhssnkdb åd` u{îu`{`wnhc gb db{ h{gnc`n{b 9 å obw bbw$ nds uh{{hcw ìw{b bmudh~îs `qonsncbs# Nds {bobz{hcw bc hw{b dbs mh~bcs g„òohmmhgb{ bq-mìmbs dbssuudîmbcws gb ch{{nw{b ghcw nds gnsuhsb{hcw#

Gbs dho`q ohczbc`kdbs sb{hcw u{îzs ohmmb {îbowhn{bs bw mbss#

Whwbs mbs{bs gnsonudnc`n{bs ohddbownzbs uh{w`cw s{ d` ch{{nw{b shcwncwb{gnwbs#

@nod ;6D„a`knddbmbcw$ db dncfb bw dbs oa`ss{bs sb{hcw h{cns bc p`cwnwî ss`cwb`q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ pn wnbcg{` ohmuwb g

@dnmbcw`wnhc

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DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> >>

odnm`w gb d` {îfnhc hþ sb w{hzbcw dbs u{nshccnb{s# Dbs cnh{mbs gbs `{mîbsbccbmnbs s`nsns u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob sb{hcw wndnsîs uh{ d„a`knddbmbcwgbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b s„nds ohcznbccbcw ` odnm`w g u`~s#

Db {bmudòbmbcw bw dbs {îu`{`wnhcs gb obs bbws sb{hcw `ss{îs {îfdná{bmbcwu`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# Bc hw{b$ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn w{`z`nddbcw{bobz{hcw cb wbcb ùu{hu{nîb u`{whw hþ d` c`w{b g w{`z`nd d„bqnfb{`#

@nod ;1G`cs whs dbs o`mus sb{hcw ncsw`ddîbs gbs o`cwncbs hþ dbs u{nshccnb{s gbfb{{b uh{{hcw sb u{ho{b{ gbs gbc{îbs `dnmbcw`n{bs$ gbs hklbws sbds$ gs`zhc bw g w`kò$ ghcw db u{nq gb zbcwb cb gbz{` bc òc o`s gîu`ssb{ db

u{nq g ohmmb{ob dho`d#Dbs kîcîobs gbs o`cwncbs sb{hcw wndnsîs ` u{hw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b 9c hcgs suîon`d sb{` o{îî å obw bbw# D„ahmmb gb ohc`cob `{` db g{hnw gbohdd`kh{b{ å d„`gmncnsw{`wnhc gb d` o`cwncb bw å d` fbswnhc gb ob hcgs#

Dh{s gb d` gnsshdwnhc g„c o`mu$ db shdgb o{îgnwb{ g hcgs suîon`d sb{`{bmns å cb h{f`cns`wnhc am`cnw`n{b ncwb{c`wnhc`db uh{ ìw{b bmudh~î ù{hw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gb d` mìmb c`wnhc`dnwî pb obq pn hcwohcw{nkî å ohcswnwb{ ob hcgs# Bc o`s gb {ù`w{nbmbcw fîcî{`d$ obs kîcî-

obs sb{hcw ohcsb{zîs u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ s` òoh{g ohcw{`n{bohcod bcw{b dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbs#

OA@UNW[B NNNa~áq

@nod ;>D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob sb{` wbcb gb u{bcg{b whwbs dbs mbs{bs g„a~fnácbcîobss`n{bs uh{ `ss{b{ d` u{hu{bwî bw d` s`dk{nwî gbs o`mus bw uh{ u{îzb-cn{ dbs îungîmnbs#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gnsuhsb{hcw$ lh{ bw cnw$ g„ncsw`dd`wnhcs ohch{mbs`q {áfdbs gb d„a~fnácb bw m`ncwbcbs bc îw`w ohcsw`cw gb u{hu{bwî# G`cs dbso`mus hþ sîlh{cbcw gbs u{nshccná{bs gb fb{{b$ gbs ncsw`dd`wnhcs sîu`{îbsgbz{hcw db{ ìw{b {îsb{zîbs#

Bc hw{b$ bw s`cs u{îlgnob gbs k`ncs bw gbs ghoabs ghcw dbs o`mus sb{hcw

uh{zs$ nd sb{` h{cn `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gb d„b` bw g s`zhc bcp`cwnwî ss`cwb uh{ db{s shncs phwngnbcs gb u{hu{bwî oh{uh{bddb bwuh{ db kd`coanss`fb gb db{ dncfb 9 dbs ncsw`dd`wnhcs$ dbs òndnwîs bw db wbmuscîobss`n{bs db{ sb{hcw òoh{gîs å obw bbw#

O`cwncbs

A~fnácb



055 ?b OhczBcwnhc

@nod ?5Oa`pb o`mu uhssîgb{` cb nc{mb{nb `gîp`wb hþ dbs u{nshccnb{s gbfb{{b {bobz{hcw dbs shncs ghcw nds uh{{hcw `zhn{ kbshnc$ `ncsn p„c {îfnmb

`dnmbcw`n{b ùu{hu{nî# Db o`s îoaî`cw$ gbs dho`q g„nshdbmbcw sb{hcw {îsb{- zîs `q m`d`gbs `wwbncws g„`bownhcs ohcw`fnbsbs h mbcw`dbs#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b `wwbncws g„cb m`d`gnb f{`zb h ghcw d„îw`w cîobs-snwb c w{`nwbmbcw suîon`d$ cb ncwb{zbcwnhc oan{{fno`db h d„ahsunw`dns`wnhc$gbz{hcw ìw{b `gmns g`cs whwb h{m`wnhc mndnw`n{b h onzndb p`dnîb uh{ dbsw{`nwb{$ mìmb sn db{ {ù`w{nbmbcw bsw bczns`fî g`cs c u{hoab `zbcn{# Gbs `-ondnwîs suîon`dbs sb{hcw òoh{gîbs uh{ dbs shncs å ghccb{ `q ncz`dngbs$ bc u`{-wnodnb{ `q `zbfdbs$ bw uh{ db{ {îîgo`wnhc$ bc wwbcg`cw db{ {ù`w{nbmbcw#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw w{`nwîs gb u{îî{bcob u`{ c ub{shccbd mî-gno`d gb d` Unss`cob ghcw nds gîubcgbcw bw$ sn uhssnkdb$ gb db{ c`wnhc`dnwî#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb uh{{hcw u`s ìw{b bmuìoaîs gb sb u{îsbcwb{`q `wh{nwîs mîgno`dbs uh{ ìw{b bq`mncîs# Dbs `wh{nwîs gîwbcw{nobs {bmbw-w{hcw$ s{ gbm`cgb$ å whw u{nshccnb{ w{`nwî cb gîod`{`wnhc honbddb ncgn-p`cw d` c`w{b gb sbs kdbss{bs h gb s` m`d`gnb$ d` g{îb g w{`nwbmbcwbw dbs shncs {bæs# rc gudno`w` gb obwwb gîod`{`wnhc sb{` bczh~î å d„fbcobobcw{`db gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

Dbs {`ns gb w{`nwbmbcw$ ~ ohmu{ns obq gb whw uu`{bnd cîobss`n{b ` m`ncwnbcgbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b bc khc îw`w gb s`cwî$ chw`mmbcw gbs u{hwaásbs$ gbc-w`n{bs h `w{bs$ bw gbs dcbwwbs$ sb{hcw å d` oa`{fb gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

@nod ?0Gbs ncsubownhcs mîgno`dbs gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw `nwbs ` mhncscb hns u`{ mhns# Bddbs ohmu{bcg{hcw db ohcw{÷db bw d „bc{bfnsw{bmbcw g uhngsgb oa`pb u{nshccnb{# Bddbs `{hcw uh{ hklbw$ bc u`{wnodnb{$ db ohcw{÷db gb

d„îw`w fîcî{`d gb s`cwî bw gb cw{nwnhc$ gb d„îw`w gb u{hu{bwî$ ncsn pb db gîuns-w`fb gbs m`d`gnbs ohcw`fnbsbs$ chw`mmbcw gb d` wkb{odhsb$ g u`dgnsmbbw gbs `bownhcs zîcî{nbccbs# obw bbw$ dbs mîwahgbs dbs uds boòbs gns-uhcnkdbs sb{hcw bmudh~îbs$ u`{ bqbmudb d` {`gnhf{ùanb uî{nhgnpb bc sî{nbs{ mno{hdm uh{ d` gîwbownhc gb d` wkb{odhsb gás sbs gîkws#

@nod ?;Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn$ s`cs `zhn{ îwî `wwòaîs ` _b{znob gb s`cwî

gb db{s h{obs `{mîbs$ shcw mîgboncs$ gbcwnswbs$ nc{mnb{s h nc{mná{bs$uh{{hcw ìw{b {bpns u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob g„bqb{ob{ db{s hcownhcsmîgno`dbs g`cs d„ncwî{ìw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gîubcg`cw gb d` mìmbUnss`cob p„bq-mìmbs# G`cs ob o`s$ nds ohcwncb{hcw å ìw{b u{nshccnb{sgb fb{{b$ m`ns nds gbz{hcw obubcg`cw ìw{b w{`nwîs gb d` mìmb m`cná{b pb

Ncsubownhcs

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U{nshccnb{s

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dbs mbmk{bs oh{{bsuhcg`cws g ub{shccbd mîgno`d {bwbcs u`{ d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob# Nds sb{hcw bqbmuwîs gb whw `w{b w{`z`nd pn uh{{`nw db{ ìw{bnmuhsî `q wb{mbs gb d„`{wnodb 7>#

OA@UNW[B NZUb{shccbd mîgno`d bw {bdnfnbq {bwbc uh{ `ssnswb{ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b

@nod ??Dbs mbmk{bs g ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b bw {bdnfnbq {bwbcs ` uhzhn{ gb dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob bc zb g„`ssnswb{ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ cb sb{hcwu`s ohcsngî{îs ohmmb u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b# Whwbhns$ nds kîcîonb{hcw `

mhncs gb whs dbs `z`cw`fbs bw gb d` u{hwbownhc gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$`ncsn pb gb whwbs dbs òndnwîs cîobss`n{bs uh{ db{ ub{mbww{b g„ùuh{wb{db{s shncs mîgno`q bw db{s sboh{s {bdnfnbq `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

Nds ohcwncb{hcw å bqb{ob{$ g`cs db o`g{b gbs dhns bw {áfdbmbcws mndnw`n{bs gbd` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ shs d„`wh{nwî gb sbs sb{znobs ohmuîwbcws bw bc ò-oh{g `zbo db{ ohcsonbcob u{hbssnhccbddb$ db{s hcownhcs mîgno`dbs h sun-{nwbddbs ` u{hw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ùu`{wbc`cw gb u{îî{bcob `qh{obs `{mîbs ghcw nds {bdázbcw# Nds lhn{hcw$ bc hw{b$ uh{ d„bqb{onob gb db{

mnssnhc mîgno`db h sun{nwbddb$ gbs òndnwîs snz`cwbs <`. Nds sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å znsnwb{ uî{nhgnpbmbcw dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b

sb w{hz`cw g`cs gbs gîwòabmbcws gb w{`z`nd h g`cs gbs a÷unw`qsnwîs å d„bqwî{nb{ g o`mu# D„ wh{nwî gîwbcw{nob mbww{` å db{ gnsuh-snwnhc$ å obw bbw$ dbs mh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w cîobss`n{bs#

k. G`cs oa`pb o`mu$ db mîgbonc mndnw`n{b db uds `conbc g`cs db f{`gbdb uds îdbzî sb{` {bsuhcs`kdb ù{ás gbs `wh{nwîs mndnw`n{bs g o`muuh{ whw ob pn ohcob{cb dbs òwnznwîs g ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b {bwbc#

obw bbw$ dbs U`{wnbs ohcjnw s„bcwbcg{hcw gás db gîkw gbs ahswndnwîs` slbw gb d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob gbs f{`gbs gb db{ ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b$~ ohmu{ns obdn gbs shonîwîs znsîbs å d„`{wnodb ;: gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gbFbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbs g`csdbs h{obs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb g 0; `hw 0>7># Uh{ whwbs dbs pbs-wnhcs {bdbz`cw gb db{ mnssnhc$ ob mîgbonc$ `ncsn g„`nddb{s pb dbs`m÷cnb{s$ `{hcw òoás gn{bow ù{ás gbs `wh{nwîs ohmuîwbcwbs go`mu# Obddbs-on db{ ghccb{hcw whwbs dbs òndnwîs cîobss`n{bs uh{ dòh{{bsuhcg`cob `~`cw w{`nw å obs pbswnhcs#

o. Knbc p„nd shnw shmns å d` gnsonudncb ncwî{nb{b g o`mu g`cs dbpbd ndsb w{hzb$ db ub{shccbd {bwbc cb uh{{` ìw{b `sw{bncw å òc w{`z`ndîw{`cfb{ å s` mnssnhc mîgno`db h {bdnfnbsb#

oh{s gbs ahswndnwîs$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s„bcwbcg{hcw ` slbw g„cb {b-dázb îzbcwbddb g ub{shccbd {bwbc bw bc qb{hcw dbs mhg`dnwîs#

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05; ?b OhczBcwnhc

ocb gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs pn u{îoágbcw cb gnsubcsb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nobgbs hkdnf`wnhcs pn dn ncohmkbcw å d„îf`{g gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b g`csdbs ghm`ncbs s`cnw`n{b bw sun{nwbd#

OA@UNW[B Z[bdnfnhc$ òwnznwîs ncwbddbowbddbs bw ua~snpbs

@nod ?7Whwb d`wnwgb sb{` d`nssîb `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b uh{ d „bqb{onob gb db{ {bdn-fnhc$ ~ ohmu{ns d„`ssnsw`cob q hobs gb db{ odwb$ å ohcgnwnhc p„nds sb ohch{-mbcw `q mbs{bs gb gnsonudncb oh{`cwbs u{bso{nwbs u`{ d„`wh{nwî mndnw`n{b#

Gbs dho`q ohczbc`kdbs sb{hcw {îsb{zîs `q hobs {bdnfnbq#

@nod ?2Dbs `m÷cnb{s pn whmkbcw `q m`ncs gb d` Unss`cob bccbmnb bw pn sb{hcw{bswîs h {bwbcs bc zb g„`ssnswb{ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ sb{hcw `wh-{nsîs å db{ ùuh{wb{ dbs sboh{s gb db{ mncnswá{b bw å d„bqb{ob{ dnk{bmbcwu`{mn db{s oh{bdnfnhcc`n{bs bc òoh{g `zbo db{ ohcsonbcob {bdnfnbsb# Ndssb{hcw {îu`{wns bcw{b dbs gnî{bcws o`mus bw gîwòabmbcws gb w{`z`nd hþ sb

w{hzbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ùu`{wbc`cw `q mìmbs h{obs `{mîbs$u`{d`cw d` mìmb d`cfb h ùu`{wbc`cw å d` mìmb {bdnfnhc# Nds kîcîonb{hcwgbs òndnwîs cîobss`n{bs$ bw$ bc u`{wnodnb{$ gbs mh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w u{îzs åd„`{wnodb ??$ uh{ znsnwb{ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b å d„bqwî{nb{ gb db{ o`mu#Nds lhn{hcw gb d` dnkb{wî gb oh{{bsuhcg`cob$ shs {îsb{zb gb d` obcs{b$ uh{dbs òwbs {bdnfnbq gb db{ mncnswá{b$ `zbo dbs `wh{nwîs boodîsn`swnpbs g u`~sgb gîwbcwnhc bw dbs h{f`cns`wnhcs {bdnfnbsbs ncwb{c`wnhc`dbs# Dbs dbww{bs bwo`{wbs p„nds bczb{{hcw g`cs ob kw znbcg{hcw s„`lhwb{ ` ohcwncfbcw u{îz

å d„ {wnodb 60#

@nod ?:Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn shcw mncnsw{bs g„c odwb s`cs `zhn{ îwî `-m÷cnb{s g`cs db{ u{hu{b `{mîb {bobz{hcw d„`wh{ns`wnhc$ pbddb pb shnw d`gîchmnc`wnhc gb db{ odwb$ g„bqb{ob{ udbncbmbcw db{ mncnswá{b u`{mn db{soh{bdnfnhcc`n{bs# Nds sb{hcw w{`nwîs å obw bbw ohmmb gbs `m÷cnb{s {bwbcsu`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# Nds cb sb{hcw `sw{bncws å òc `w{b w{`z`nd#

@nod ?6Dh{spb gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb gnsuhsbcw u`s g sboh{s g„c `m÷-cnb{ {bwbc h g„c u{nshccnb{ mncnsw{b gb db{ odwb$ c mncnsw{b ùu`{-wbc`cw shnw å db{ ohcbssnhc$ shnw å cb ohcbssnhc snmnd`n{b h$ å gî`w$c d`èpb p`dnî$ dh{spb obd` bsw uhssnkdb ` uhncw gb zb ohcbssnhccbd$

@rm÷cnb{s

{bwbcrs

U{nshccnb{s

mncnsw{bs

g„rc ordwb

U{nshccnb{s

gîuhr{zrs

g„rc mncnsw{b

gb dbr{ ordwb

[bdnfnhc




sb{` gîsnfcî å d` gbm`cgb gbs u{nshccnb{s ncwî{bssîs uh{ {bmudn{ obw hob#Obwwb gîsnfc`wnhc$ shmnsb å d„ùu{hk`wnhc gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ `{`dnb bc òoh{g `zbo d` ohmmc`wî gbs u{nshccnb{s ncwî{bssîs bw$ då hþ obd`

sb{` cîobss`n{b$ `zbo d„ùu{hk`wnhc gb d„`wh{nwî {bdnfnbsb dho`db gb d` mìmbohcbssnhc# D` ub{shccb `ncsn gîsnfcîb gbz{` sb ohch{mb{ å whs dbs {áfdb-mbcws îw`kdns u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob g`cs d„ncwî{ìw gb d` gnsonudncb bw gbd` sîo{nwî mndnw`n{b#

@nod ?1Whw bc {bsubow`cw dbs u{îî{bcobs ncgnzngbddbs gb oa`pb u{nshccnb{$ dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob bcoh{`fb{` dbs òwnznwîs ncwbddbowbddbs$ îgo`wnzbs$ {î-o{î`wnzbs bw suh{wnzbs gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b 9 bddb u{bcg{` dbs mbs{bs cî-obss`n{bs uh{ bc `ss{b{ d„bqb{onob$ bc mbww`cw å db{ gnsuhsnwnhc gbs dho`q`gîp`ws bw d„îpnubmbcw cîobss`n{b#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gbz{hcw `zhn{ d` uhssnkndnwî gb sb dnz{b{ å gbs bqb{-onobs ua~snpbs$ ~ ohmu{ns suh{ws bw lbq$ bw gb kîcîonb{ g udbnc `n{# Gbsbsuòbs dnk{bs ss`cws sb{hcw {îsb{zîs å obw s`fb g`cs whs dbs o`mus#

OA@UNW[B ZN

Gnsonudncb

@nod ?>Oa`pb o`mu gb u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{` udòî shs d „ wh{nwî gn{bowb g„chonb{ {bsuhcs`kdb uu`{wbc`cw q h{obs {mîbs {îfdná{bs gb d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob# Obw honb{ uhssîgb{` db wbqwb gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ zbnddb{`å ob pb sbs gnsuhsnwnhcs shnbcw ohccbs g ub{shccbd pn bsw shs sbs h{g{bsbw sb{` {bsuhcs`kdb gb shc uudno`wnhc$ shs db ohcw{÷db gb shc fhzb{cbmbcw#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ å d„bqobuwnhc gbs honb{s$ gbz{hcw db s`dw bw dbsm`{pbs bqwî{nb{bs gb {bsubow u{îzs u`{ dbs {áfdbmbcws bc znfb{ g`csdb{ u{hu{b `{mîb å whs dbs honb{s gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

Dbs honb{s u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb sb{hcw wbcs gb s`db{ pb dbs honb{sgb f{`gb suî{nb{ gb obwwb Unss`cob 9 whwbhns$ nds gbz{hcw db s`dw ` ohm-m`cg`cw g o`mu pbd pb shnw shc f{`gb#

@nod 75

Db uh{w gbs ncsnfcbs gb f{`gb bw gb c`wnhc`dnwî$ `ncsn pb gbs gîoh{`wnhcs$sb{` `wh{nsî#

Gnsw{òwnhcs$

ncsw{rownhc$

suh{ws

@gmncnsw{`-

wnhc# _`drw

Ncsnfcbs bwgîoh{`wnhcs






W{`nwbmbcw

gbs rw{bs

u{nshccnb{s

@nod 72Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b `w{bs pb dbs honb{s bw `ssnmndîs sb{hcw w{`nwîs`zbo dbs îf`{gs gs å db{ f{`gb bw å db{ ëfb#

D` fbswnhc gb d„h{gnc`n{b u`{ dbs u{nshccnb{s bq-mìmbs sb{` `zh{nsîb gbwhwb m`cná{b#

OA@UNW[B ZNNNjá

@nod 7:

D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ bc gîong`cw db w{`csb{w gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$gbz{` wbcn{ ohmuwb gbs ncwî{ìws gbs u{nshccnb{s bq-mìmbs$ bc zb$ chw`m-mbcw$ gb cb u`s òo{hãw{b dbs gnodwîs gb db{ {ù`w{nbmbcw#

Db w{`csb{w gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b s„bbowb{` whlh{s `zbo am`cnwî bwg`cs gbs ohcgnwnhcs pn cb gbz{hcw u`s ìw{b mhncs `zh{`kdbs pb obddbs ghcwkîcîonbcw dbs w{hubs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob g`cs db{s gîudòbmbcws# Ndsb{` whlh{s wbc ohmuwb gbs ohcgnwnhcs odnm`wnpbs `qpbddbs dbs u{nshc-cnb{s gb fb{{b shcw òohwmîs bw dbs ohcgnwnhcs g w{`csb{w cb sb{hcw bcòc o`s u{îlgnon`kdbs å db{ s`cwî#

D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob h{cn{` q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ ubcg`cw db w{`cs-b{w$ gb d„b` uhw`kdb bw gb d` ch{{nw{b bc ss`cob uh{ dbs m`ncwbcn{ bckhccb s`cwî$ `ncsn pb dbs zìwbmbcws$ db dhfbmbcw bw dbs shncs mîgno`q cîobs-s`n{bs# Bddb u{bcg{` whwbs dbs u{îo`wnhcs wndbs$ chw`mmbcw bc o`s gb zh~`fbu`{ mb{ h u`{ d` zhnb gbs `n{s$ uh{ `ss{b{ db{ sîo{nwî ubcg`cw db w{`csb{wbw bddb îw`kdn{`$ `z`cw db{ gîu`{w$ d` dnswb ohmudáwb gbs u{nshccnb{s w{`csî{îs#

@nod 76Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b m`d`gbs h kdbssîs cb sb{hcw u`s w{`csî{îs w`cwpb db{ fî{nshc uh{{`nw ìw{b ohmu{hmnsb u`{ db zh~`fb$ å mhncs pb db{sîo{nwî cb d„bqnfb nmuî{nbsbmbcw#

_n db {hcw sb {ùu{hoab g„c o`mu$ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gb ob o`mu cbsb{hcw w{`csî{îs pb sn db{ w{`csb{w ubw s„bbowb{ g`cs gbs ohcgnwnhcsss`cwbs gb sîo{nwî$ h s„nds oh{bcw gb uds f{`cgs {nspbs å {bswb{ s{udòb p„å ìw{b w{`csî{îs#

@nod 71Bc o`s gb w{`csb{w$ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw `znsîs honbddbmbcw gbdb{ gîu`{w bw gb db{ chzbddb `g{bssb uhsw`db 9 obw `zns db{ sb{` ghccî `ssb|w÷w uh{ p„nds unssbcw u{îu`{b{ db{s k`f`fbs bw `zb{wn{ db{ `mnddb#

Ohcgnwnhcs

On{ohcs-

w`cobs

bqodr`cw dbs

w{`csb{ws

Mhg`dnwîs



05: ?b OhczBcwnhc

Nds sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å bmuh{wb{ db{s bbws ub{shccbds$ db{ oh{{bsuhcg`cob bwdbs ohdns `{{nzîs å db{ `g{bssb 9 db uhngs gb obs bbws uh{{` ìw{b dnmnwî$ sn dbson{ohcsw`cobs g w{`csb{w d„bqnfbcw$ å ob pb db u{nshccnb{ ubw {`nshcc`kdb-

mbcw uh{wb{$ m`ns bc òc o`s db uhngs `wh{nsî cb gîu`ssb{` zncfw-oncp indhs#D` oh{{bsuhcg`cob bw dbs ohdns `g{bssîs å db{ `conbc o`mu db{ sb{hcw w{`cs-mns s`cs gîd`n# Db ohmm`cg`cw g o`mu u{bcg{`$ g„bcwbcwb `zbo d„ahmmbgb ohc`cob$ dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ `ss{b{ db w{`csb{w gbs knbcsohddbowns gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b bw gbs k`f`fbs pb dbs u{nshccnb{s cbuh{{`nbcw bmuh{wb{ `zbo bq bc {`nshc g„cb dnmnw`wnhc u{nsb bc zb{w ggbqnámb `dncî` g u{îsbcw `{wnodb#

Dbs {`ns o`sîs u`{ dbs w{`csb{ws sb{hcw å d` oa`{fb gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

_BOWNHC NNN{zndgbsu{nshccnb{sgbfrb{{b

@nod 7>D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob uh{{` bmudh~b{ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b z`dngbsohmmb w{`z`nddb{s$ bc wbc`cw ohmuwb gb db{ ëfb$ gb db{ sbqb$ gb db{ f{`gb$

`ncsn pb gb db{s ùwnwgbs ua~snpbs$ bw bc zb chw`mmbcw gb dbs m`ncwbcn{g`cs c khc îw`w gb s`cwî ua~snpb bw mh{`db#

Dbs shs-honb{s u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb uh{{hcw ìw{b `sw{bncws p„å gbsw{`z`q gb s{zbndd`cob# Obq pn c„~ sb{`nbcw u`s `sw{bncws uh{{hcw gbm`c-gb{ c `w{b w{`z`nd pn db{ ohcznbccb bw pn db{ sb{` u{ho{î g`cs d` mb-s{b g uhssnkdb#

_n dbs honb{s h `ssnmndîs gbm`cgbcw c w{`z`nd pn db{ ohcznbccb$ obdn-ondb{ sb{` u{ho{î g`cs d` mbs{b g uhssnkdb# Nds cb uh{{hcw bc òc o`s

ìw{b sw{bncws w{`z`nd#

@nod 25Bc gbah{s gbs w{`z`q bc {ùuh{w `zbo d„`gmncnsw{`wnhc$ d„`mîc`fbmbcw hd„bcw{bwnbc gb db{ o`mu$ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb uh{{hcw ìw{b `sw{bncwsp„å gbs w{`z`q ùu`{wbc`cw `q o`wîfh{nbs îcmî{îbs on-ù{ás <

`. `f{nodw{b 9k. ncgsw{nbs u{hgownzbs$ bqw{òwnzbs h m`còw{ná{bs$ å d„bqobuwnhc

gbs ncgsw{nbs mîw`dd{fnpbs$ mîo`cnpbs bw oanmnpbs$ gbs w{`z`qukdnos bw gbs w{`z`q g këwnmbcw gb o`{òwá{b mndnw`n{b h å gbswn-c`wnhc mndnw`n{b 9

o. w{`csuh{ws bw m`cwbcwnhc$ s`cs o`{òwá{b h gbswnc`wnhc mndnw`n{b 9g. òwnznwîs ohmmb{on`dbs h `{wnswnpbs 9b. sb{znobs ghmbswnpbs 9

W{`z`rq

`rwh{nsîs

Fîcî{`dnwîs




Ohcgnwnhcs

gb w{`z`nd

. sb{znobs ukdnos s`cs o`{òwá{b h gbswnc`wnhc mndnw`n{b#

Bc o`s gb znhd`wnhc gbs u{bso{nuwnhcs on-gbsss$ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb-{hcw `wh{nsîs å bqb{ob{ db{ g{hnw gb ud`ncwb$ ohch{mîmbcw å d „ {wnodb 61#

@nod 20Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gbz{hcw kîcîonb{ gb ohcgnwnhcs gb w{`z`nd ohczb-c`kdbs$ u`{wnodná{bmbcw bc ob pn ohcob{cb db dhfbmbcw$ d` ch{{nw{b$d„a`knddbmbcw bw db m`wî{nbd 9 obs ohcgnwnhcs cb gbz{hcw u`s ìw{b ncî{nb{bså obddbs pn shcw {îsb{zîbs `q c`wnhc`q gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bm-udh~îs å gbs w{`z`q snmnd`n{bs 9 nd sb{` îf`dbmbcw wbc ohmuwb gbs ohcgnwnhcsodnm`wnpbs#

D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob pn wndnsb db w{`z`nd gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b `ss-{b{`$ g`cs dbs {îfnhcs hþ obs u{nshccnb{s w{`z`nddbcw$ d„ùudno`wnhc gbs dhns c`-wnhc`dbs s{ d` u{hwbownhc g w{`z`nd bw$ uds u`{wnodná{bmbcw$ gbs {áfdbmbcwss{ d` sîo{nwî gbs hz{nb{s#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gbz{hcw {bobzhn{ cb h{m`wnhc bw ìw{b uh{zs gbmh~bcs gb u{hwbownhc ùu{hu{nîs ` w{`z`nd p„nds ghnzbcw òohmudn{ bw sbm-kd`kdbs å obq u{îzs uh{ dbs {bssh{wnss`cws gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# _hs{îsb{zb gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`{wnodb 2;$ dbs u{nshccnb{s uh{{hcw ìw{b shmns

`q {nspbs ch{m`q bcoh{s u`{ d` m`nc-g„şz{b onzndb#Bc òc o`s$ dbs ohcgnwnhcs gb w{`z`nd cb uh{{hcw ìw{b {bcgbs uds uî-cnkdbs u`{ gbs mbs{bs gnsonudnc`n{bs#

@nod 2; mhncs p„nd cb shnw zhdhcw`n{b$ òc u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b cb uh{{` ìw{bbmudh~î å gbs w{`z`q gb o`{òwá{b m`ds`nc h g`cfb{bq#

oc u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b cb sb{` `bowî å c w{`z`nd uhz`cw ìw{b ohcsn-gî{î ohmmb amndn`cw uh{ c mbmk{b gbs h{obs `{mîbs gb d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob#

D„bcdázbmbcw gbs mncbs h g„ w{bs bcfncs `c`dhfbs sb{` ohcsngî{î ohmmbc w{`z`nd g`cfb{bq#

@nod 2?D` g{îb g w{`z`nd lh{c`dnb{ gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ ~ ohmu{ns obddb gw{`lbw g„`ddb{ bw gb {bwh{$ cb sb{` u`s bqobssnzb bw cb gbz{`$ bc òc o`s$gîu`ssb{ obddb pn bsw `gmnsb uh{ gbs hz{nb{s onznds gb d` {îfnhc$ {bssh{wns-s`cws gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ bmudh~îs ` mìmb w{`z`nd#

Nd sb{` hkdnf`whn{bmbcw òoh{gî `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ ` mndnb g w{`- z`nd phwngnbc$ c {buhs g„cb ab{b ` mhncs 9 ob {buhs sb{` db mìmb pbobdn pn bsw u{îz uh{ dbs hz{nb{s gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob sn ob gb{cnb{

W{`z`rq g`c-

fb{brq hr

armndn`cws

Gr{îb gr

w{`z`nd



051 ?b OhczBcwnhc

bsw gb uds dhcfb g{îb# Nd db{ sb{` îf`dbmbcw òoh{gî c {buhs gb zncfw-p`w{b ab{bs ohcsîownzbs oa`pb sbm`ncb$ gb u{îî{bcob db gnm`coab hdb lh{ gb {buhs hksb{zî g`cs db{ u`~s g„h{nfncb# Gb uds$ whw u{nshccnb{

`~`cw w{`z`nddî cb `ccîb kîcîonb{` g„c {buhs gb anw lh{s ohcsîownsubcg`cw dbpbd shc ncgbmcnwî gb w{`z`nd dn sb{` u`~îb#

_n gbs mîwahgbs gb w{`z`nd wbddbs pb db w{`z`nd `q unáobs shcw bmudh~îbs$bddbs cb gbz{hcw u`s {bcg{b bqobssnzb d` g{îb g w{`z`nd#

@nod 27D„ncgbmcnwî gb w{`z`nd gb `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{` qîb sbdhc dbs swn-ud`wnhcs gb d „ {wnodb :; gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn shcw znownmbs g„òongbcws gb w{`z`nd h pnohcw{òwbcw cb m`d`gnb ` oh{s h å o`sb gb db{ w{`z`nd {bobz{hcw whsdbs shncs pb cîobssnwb db{ îw`w# Bc hw{b$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob db{ {bmbw-w{` c ob{wno`w mîgno`d db{ ub{mbww`cw gb `n{b z`dhn{ db{s g{hnws ù{ásgb d` Unss`cob ghcw nds gîubcgbcw$ bw bddb bc b{` wbcn{ c ghkdb å d„fbcobobcw{`db gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 0;?#

@nod 22

D„ùwnwgb ` w{`z`nd gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{` ohcw{÷dîb uî{nhgnpb-mbcw u`{ gbs bq`mbcs mîgno`q$ ` mhncs cb hns u`{ mhns# G`cs obs bq`-mbcs$ nd gbz{` ìw{b wbc u`{wnodná{bmbcw ohmuwb gb d` c`w{b gbs w{`z`q`qpbds dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b shcw `sw{bncws#

_n c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b s„bswnmb ncoù`kdb gb w{`z`nddb{$ nd sb{` `wh{nsî åsb u{îsbcwb{ gbz`cw dbs `wh{nwîs mîgno`dbs gb shc o`mu 9 dbs mîgboncs uh{-{hcw {bohmm`cgb{ pb dbs u{nshccnb{s pn$ å db{ `zns# shcw ncùwbs ` w{`- z`nd$ bc shnbcw bqbmuwîs#

@nod 2:Db {îfnmb gbs gîwòabmbcws gb w{`z`nd sb{` sbmkd`kdb å obdn gbs o`mus gbu{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

Whw gîwòabmbcw gb w{`z`nd ohcwncb{` å ìw{b udòî shs db ohcw{÷db g„co`mu gb u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b bw å bc gîubcg{b `gmncnsw{`wnzbmbcw# Dbs`wh{nwîs mndnw`n{bs bw db ohmm`cg`cw gb ob o`mu sb{hcw {bsuhcs`kdbs$ shsdb ohcw{÷db gb db{ fhzb{cbmbcw$ gb d„hksb{z`wnhc$ g`cs db gîwòabmbcw gb

w{`z`nd$ gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#Db ohmm`cg`cw g o`mu wnbcg{` å lh{ cb dnswb gbs gîwòabmbcws gb w{`z`ndgîubcg`cw gb shc o`mu bw d` ohmmcnpb{` `q gîdîfîs gb d` Unss`cobu{hwbow{nob$ g Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb h g„`w{bs h{f`-cnsmbs zbc`cw bc `ngb `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ pn znsnwb{`nbcw db o`mu#

Gîwòab-

mbcws gb

w{`z`nd

Ohcw{÷dbmîgno`d

Ncgbmcnwî

gb w{`z`nd#

@oongbcws bwm`d`gnbs gb

w{`z`nd




U{nshccnb{s

w{`z`ndd`cw

uhr{ gbsu`{wnordnb{s

@nod 26Db w{`nwbmbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b w{`z`ndd`cw uh{ db ohmuwb gb u`{-wnodnb{s$ mìmb sn obq-on bc `ss{bcw d` f`{gb bw d` u{hwbownhc shs db{

u{hu{b {bsuhcs`kndnwî$ sb{` ` mhncs îf`d å obdn pn bsw u{îz u`{ d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc 9 d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ dbs `wh{nwîs mndnw`n{bs bw db ohmm`c-g`cw g o`mu `pbd ùu`{wnbccbcw obs u{nshccnb{s `ssmb{hcw d„bcwná{b{bsuhcs`kndnwî gb d„bcw{bwnbc$ gbs shncs$ g w{`nwbmbcw bw g u`nbmbcw gb d„nc-gbmcnwî gb w{`z`nd gb obs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

Obs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b `{hcw db g{hnw gb {bswb{ bc ohcwòw `zbo dbsahmmbs gb ohc`cob gbs o`mus ghcw nds gîubcgbcw#

_BOWNHC NZbsshr{obsuîorcnn{bsgbsu{nshccnb{sgbfrb{{b

@nod 21Gás db gîkw gbs ahswndnwîs bw bc wwbcg`cw gb s„ìw{b mnsb g„ ooh{g å ob slbw zbod` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob uh{{` qb{ d` shmmb m`qn-mm bc bsuáobs h shs cb h{mb `c`dhfb pb dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{buh{{hcw `zhn{ s{ bq# Whw bqoîgbcw dîfnwnmbmbcw bc db{ uhssbssnhc$ {bwn{î

h {bwbc$ sb{`$ gb mìmb pb whw gîu÷w g„`{fbcw bbowî u`{ bq$ uh{wî å db{ohmuwb bw cb uh{{` ìw{b ohczb{wn bc cb w{b mhcc`nb s`cs db{ `ssbcwnmbcw#

P`cg dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å `n{b gbs òa`ws h å {bobzhn{ gbs sb{znobs$ ohcw{b u`nbmbcws bc bsuáobs$ å d„bqwî{nb{ g o`mu$ obs u`nb-mbcws sb{hcw bbowîs u`{ dbs u{nshccnb{s bq-mìmbs h u`{ d„`gmncnsw{`wnhcg o`mu$ pn uh{wb{` obs u`nbmbcws ` gîknw g ohmuwb gbs u{nshccnb{s ncwî-{bssîs# D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob îgnowb{` dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs cîobss`n{bs å ob slbw#

@nod 2>Dbs shmmbs bc mhcc`nb gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob {bwn{îbs `q u{nshccnb{sgb fb{{b$ ohch{mîmbcw å d„`{wnodb 01$ ` mhmbcw hþ nds shcw `nws u{nshc-cnb{s$ sb{hcw uh{wîbs ` o{îgnw g ohmuwb gb oaòc g„bq$ ohch{mîmbcw`q gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`{wnodb :7 gb d` u{îsbcwb _bownhc#

_b{hcw îf`dbmbcw uh{wîbs ` o{îgnw gb ob ohmuwb dbs shmmbs bc mhcc`nbgb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob pn u{hznbccbcw gb d` ohczb{snhc gbs shmmbs bcg„`w{bs mhcc`nbs$ {bwn{îbs `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b å ob mìmb mhmbcw#

@nod :5D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob zb{sb{` å whs dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb `z`cobgb shdgb mbcsbddb$ ghcw db mhcw`cw sb{` qî u`{ d` ohczb{snhc g`cs d` mhc-c`nb gb d`gnwb Unss`cob gbs shmmbs snz`cwbs <

O`wîfh{nb N < u{nshccnb{s gb f{`gb ncî{nb{ å sb{fbcw < anw {`cos snssbs 9

[bsshr{obs

bc `{fbcw

ohmuw`cw

@z`cobs

gb shdgb

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005 ?b OhczBcwnhc

O`wîfh{nb NN < sb{fbcws bw `w{bs shs-honb{s h u{nshccnb{s gb f{`gbîpnz`dbcw < gh|b {`cos snssbs 9

O`wîfh{nb NNN < honb{s lsp„` f{`gb gb oùnw`ncb h u{nshccnb{s gb

f{`gb îpnz`dbcw < oncp`cwb {`cos snssbs 9O`wîfh{nb NZ < ohmm`cg`cws h m`lh{s$ dnbwbc`cws-ohdhcbds$ ohdhcbds h

u{nshccnb{s gb f{`gb îpnz`dbcw < shnq`cwb {`cos snssbs 9O`wîfh{nb Z < honb{s fîcî{`q h u{nshccnb{s gb f{`gb îpnz`dbcw <

shnq`cwb-pnc|b {`cos snssbs#

Whwbhns$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ncwî{bssîbs uh{{hcw mhgnb{ u`{ òoh{gssuîon`q db mhcw`cw gbs `z`cobs gb shdgb g `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gbsgnî{bcwbs o`wîfh{nbs îcmî{îbs on-gbsss#

Bc hw{b$ sn dbs mhcw`cws u{îzs ` u{bmnb{ `dncî` on-gbsss îw`nbcw w{hu îdb- zîs ohmu`{îs å d` shdgb u`~îb q mbmk{bs gbs h{obs `{mîbs gb d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob h sn$ uh{ whwb `w{b {`nshc$ nds gbz`nbcw o`sb{ c bmk`{{`ssî{nbq å obwwb Unss`cob$ obddb-on$ bc `wwbcg`cw d` ohcodsnhc g„c òoh{gsuîon`d `zbo d` Unss`cob ghcw gîubcgbcw dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b bc zb gbmhgnb{ obs mhcw`cws <

`. ohcwncb{` gb o{îgnwb{ dbs ohmuwbs gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gbsmhcw`cws ncgnpîs ` u{bmnb{ `dncî` 9

k. uh{{` wbmuh{`n{bmbcw dnmnwb{ å gbs shmmbs pn shcw {`nshcc`kdbsdbs mhcw`cws$ u{îdbzîs s{ dbs `z`cobs gb shdgb$ p„bddb mbww{` å d` gns-uhsnwnhc gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b uh{ db{ s`fb 9 whwbhns$ uh{dbs u{nshccnb{s gb d` o`wîfh{nb N$ obs shmmbs cb sb{hcw l`m`ns ncî-{nb{bs å obddbs pb zb{sb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob `q mbmk{bs gb sbsu{hu{bs h{obs `{mîbs#

Dbs {`nshcs g„cb wbddb dnmnw`wnhc sb{hcw ohmmcnpîbs s`cs gîd`n å dÙnss`cob u{hwbow{nob#

@nod :0D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob òobuwb{` dbs bczhns g„`{fbcw pb d` Unss`cob ghcwgîubcgbcw dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b db{ b{` u`{zbcn{ å wnw{b gb suudîmbcwgb shdgb$ å ohcgnwnhc pb dbs mhcw`cws shnbcw dbs mìmbs uh{ oa`pb u{n-shccnb{ gb d` mìmb o`wîfh{nb$ p„nds shnbcw zb{sîs å whs dbs u{nshccnb{s gbobwwb o`wîfh{nb gîubcg`cw gb obwwb Unss`cob$ bw p„nds shnbcw uh{wîs$ gás pbuhssnkdb$ ` o{îgnw gbs ohmuwbs ncgnzngbds gbs u{nshccnb{s$ ohch{mîmbcw`q gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`{wnodb :7# Obs suudîmbcws gb shdgb cb gnsubcsb{hcw d`

Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob g„òcb gbs hkdnf`wnhcs pn dn ncohmkbcw `q wb{mbsgb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

@nod :;Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b {bobz{hcw$ gn{bowbmbcw gbs `wh{nwîs gîwbcw{nobs$cb ncgbmcnwî gb w{`z`nd îpnw`kdb$ ghcw db w`q sb{` qî u`{ obs `wh{nwîs$

_ruudîmbcw

gb shdgb

Ncgbmcnwî

gb w{`z`nd




m`ns pn cb uh{{` l`m`ns ìw{b ncî{nb{b å c p`{w gb {`co snssb u`{ lh{-cîb bcwná{b gb w{`z`nd# D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob b{` ohcc`ãw{b `q u{nshccnb{s`ncsn p„å d` Unss`cob ghcw nds gîubcgbcw$ u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gb d` Unss`cob

u{hwbow{nob$ db w`q gbs ncgbmcnwîs gb w{`z`nd lh{c`dná{bs p„bddb `{` qî#rcb ncgbmcnwî gb w{`z`nd sb{` îf`dbmbcw zb{sîb u`{ dbs `wh{nwîs gîwbcw{nobs`q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b bowîs g„cb m`cná{b ub{m`cbcwb å gbs hcownhcsh å c w{`z`nd `{wns`c`d bc {ùuh{w `zbo d„`gmncnsw{`wnhc$ d„`mîc`fbmbcwncwî{nb{ h d„bcw{bwnbc gbs o`mus$ `ncsn p„`q u{nshccnb{s {bpns g„bqb{ob{gbs hcownhcs sun{nwbddbs h mîgno`dbs ` u{hw gb db{s o`m`{`gbs#

D„ncgbmcnwî gb w{`z`nd gb d„ahmmb gb ohc`cob$ gb sbs `qndn`n{bs bw$ îzbc-wbddbmbcw$ gb sbs ohcsbnddb{s sb{` u{îdbzîb s{ db hcgs `dnmbcwî u`{ dbs kî-

cîobs gb o`cwncb 9 db w`q bc sb{` qî u`{ d „ahmmb gb ohc`cob bw uu{hzîu`{ db ohmm`cg`cw g o`mu# _n ob hcgs c„bqnswb u`s$ dbs `wh{nwîs gîwbc-w{nobs zb{sb{hcw å obs u{nshccnb{s cb ncgbmcnwî gb w{`z`nd îpnw`kdb#

@nod :?Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å {bobzhn{ dbs bczhns g„`{fbcw pndb{ sb{hcw `g{bssîs ncgnzngbddbmbcw h ohddbownzbmbcw#

Oa`pb u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b gnsuhsb{` g shdgb o{îgnwb{ gb shc ohmuwb$

wbd p„nd bsw u{îz å d„`{wnodb snz`cw$ g`cs dbs dnmnwbs qîbs u`{ d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob$ pn bbowb{` dbs u`nbmbcws gbm`cgîs# _hs {îsb{zb gbs {bsw{no-wnhcs c`coná{bs h mhcîw`n{bs p„bddb bswnmb bssbcwnbddbs$ dbs u{nshccnb{s gbfb{{b sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å bbowb{ gbs u`nbmbcws å d„îw{`cfb{# G`cs ob o`s$d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob `zh{nsb{` suîon`dbmbcw dbs u`nbmbcws pb dbs u{nshc-cnb{s `g{bssbcw `q ub{shccbs pn shcw å db{ oa`{fb#

Bc whw îw`w gb o`sb$ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b uh{{hcw$ sn d` Unss`cob ghcwnds gîubcgbcw ~ ohcsbcw$ `n{b bqîowb{ gbs u`nbmbcws g`cs db{ u{hu{b u`~s

sbdhc d` u{hoîg{b snz`cwb < d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob b{` u`{zbcn{ å d`gnwbUnss`cob$ u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ c `zns pn ohmu{bc-g{` whwbs ncgno`wnhcs wndbs s{ d„`wb{ bw db kîcîon`n{b g u`nbmbcw `ncsnpb db mhcw`cw gb d` shmmb å u`~b{$ bqu{nmî bc mhcc`nb gb d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob 9 obw `zns sb{` snfcî u`{ db u{nshccnb{ ncwî{bssî bw ohcw{bsnfcî u`{db ohmm`cg`cw g o`mu# D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gîknwb{` db ohmuwb g u{n-shccnb{ gb ob mhcw`cw 9 dbs shmmbs `ncsn gîknwîbs sb{hcw uh{wîbs u`{ bddb ò{îgnw gb d` Unss`cob ghcw gîubcgbcw dbs u{nshccnb{s#

Uh{ uudnpb{ dbs u{bso{nuwnhcs pn u{îoágbcw$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob uh{-{` wndbmbcw ohcsdwb{ db {áfdbmbcw-w~ub f{`cw g`cs d„`ccbqb Z gb d` u{î-sbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

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00; ?b OhczBcwnhc

@nod :7D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob wnbcg{` uh{ oa`pb u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b c ohmuwbpn ohcwnbcg{` ` mhncs dbs ncgno`wnhcs snz`cwbs <

0. dbs mhcw`cws gs u{nshccnb{ h {bæs u`{ dn å wnw{b g„ z`cob gb shdgb$g„ncgbmcnwî gb w{`z`nd h å whw `w{b wnw{b 9 dbs shmmbs$ bc mhcc`nbgb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ {bwn{îbs ` u{nshccnb{ 9 dbs shmmbs {bwn{îbs` u{nshccnb{ bw ohczb{wnbs$ s{ s` gbm`cgb$ bc mhcc`nb gb d`gnwbUnss`cob 9

;. dbs shmmbs {bmnsbs ` u{nshccnb{ bc bsuáobs h shs cb h{mb `c`dh-fb 9 dbs u`nbmbcws `nws uh{ shc ohmuwb bw å s` gbm`cgb 9 dbs shmmbsw{`csî{îbs sbdhc db w{hnsnámb `dncî` gb d„`{wnodb u{îoîgbcw#

@nod :2Whwb îo{nw{b u`ssîb ` ohmuwb g„c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b sb{` ohcw{bsnfcîbh u`{ùaîb u`{ dn h u`{ d„ahmmb gb ohc`cob `fnss`cw bc shc chm#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b {bobz{hcw bc whw wbmus gbs òndnwîs {`nshcc`kdbsuh{ ohcsdwb{ db{ ohmuwb bw bc {bobzhn{ cb ohunb 9 db ohmuwb uh{{` ìw{b zî{nî îf`dbmbcw u`{ dbs {bu{îsbcw`cws gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob dh{s gbs znsnwbs gb o`mu#

Dh{s g w{`csb{w gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b g„c o`mu g`cs c `w{b$ db{ohmuwb ub{shccbd dbs snz{`# Bc o`s gb w{`csb{w g„cb Unss`cob gîwbcw{nobå cb `w{b$ dbs shmmbs db{ ùu`{wbc`cw pn cb shcw u`s g`cs d` mhcc`nb gbd` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob dbs snz{hcw 9 cb `wwbsw`wnhc db{ sb{` gîdnz{îb uh{whwbs dbs `w{bs shmmbs pn {bswb{`nbcw ` o{îgnw gb db{ ohmuwb#

Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ncwî{bssîbs uh{{hcw s„bcwbcg{b uh{ sb ohmmcnpb{u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob bw å gbs ncwb{z`ddbs gîwb{mncîs$ dbs

{bdbzîs gbs ohmuwbs gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

@nod ::Dh{spb d` oùwnznwî g u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b u{bcg{` c$ u`{ dnkî{`wnhc h{ù`w{nbmbcw$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob dn gîdnz{b{` cb gîod`{`wnhc snfcîbu`{ c honb{ ohmuîwbcw bw `wwbsw`cw db shdgb o{îgnwb{ pn dn bsw g å d`c gb s` oùwnznwî# G„`w{b u`{w$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob b{` u`{zbcn{ å dÙnss`cob ghcw gîubcgbcw dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gb dÙnss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ gbs dnswbs ghcc`cw whwbs dbs ncgno`wnhcs s{ dbs u{n-

shccnb{s ghcw d` oùwnznwî ` u{ns c u`{ {ù`w{nbmbcw$ dnkî{`wnhc$ îz`snhc$gîoás h whwb `w{b m`cná{b$ bw `wwbsw`cw chw`mmbcw dbs shdgbs o{îgnwb{sgb db{s ohmuwbs# Oa`pb bnddb gb obs dnswbs sb{` `wabcwnîb u`{ c {bu{î-sbcw`cw `wh{nsî gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

Dnprng`wnhc

gr ohmuwb

Mhg`dnwîs

gr ohmuwb

Ohmuwb gr

u{nshccnb{




Ohmubcs`-

wnhc bcw{b

dbs U`{wnbs

`r ohcjnw

Gbm`cgbs

g„ncgbmcnwî

Dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbs uh{{hcw$ u`{ òoh{g suîon`d$ mhgnb{ whw hu`{wnb gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs u{îzbs on-gbsss#

D` Unss`cob ghcw db u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b gîubcg sb{` {bsuhcs`kdb g shnc

gb {îfdb{ `zbo dn db shdgb o{îgnwb{ dn {bsw`cw g u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nobå d` c gb s` oùwnznwî#

@nod :6Dbs `z`cobs gb shdgb zb{sîbs `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ohch{mîmbcw å d„`{-wnodb :5 sb{hcw ohcsngî{îbs ohmmb `nwbs ` chm gb d` Unss`cob ghcw nds gî-ubcgbcw 9 obs z`cobs gb shdgb$ ncsn pb whs dbs u`nbmbcws bqîowîs u`{ d`gnwbUnss`cob bc zb{w gb d„`{wnodb :?$ w{hnsnámb `dncî`$ bw gb d„`{wnodb :1$ b{hcw

d„hklbw g„`{{`cfbmbcws bcw{b dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbs$ å d` c gbs ahswndnwîs#

@nod :1Whwb gbm`cgb g„ncgbmcnwî `nwb u`{ c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b bc {`nshc g„còongbcw h g„cb `w{b ncz`dngnwî {îsdw`cw g w{`z`nd sb{` ohmmcnpîbå d` Unss`cob ghcw nd gîubcg u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob#Ohch{mîmbcw `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`{wnodb 27$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob {b-mbww{` g`cs whs dbs o`s ` u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b cb gîod`{`wnhc `wwbsw`cwd` c`w{b gb d` kdbss{b h gb d„ncz`dngnwî$ dbs on{ohcsw`cobs g`cs dbspbddbsbddb s„bsw u{hgnwb bw dbs {bcsbnfcbmbcws {bd`wns `q shncs mîgno`q h ahs-unw`dnb{s pn dn hcw îwî ghccîs# Obwwb gîod`{`wnhc sb{` snfcîb u`{ c honb{{bsuhcs`kdb gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bw dbs {bcsbnfcbmbcws g„h{g{b mîgno`dsb{hcw ob{wnîs ohch{mbs u`{ c mîgbonc g _b{znob gb s`cwî#

D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob ohmmcnpb{` îf`dbmbcw å d` Unss`cob ghcw gî-ubcgbcw dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b whwb gbm`cgb g„ncgbmcnwî u{îsbcwîb u`{c u{nshccnb{ ` slbw gbs bbws ub{shccbds$ shmmbs h hklbws gb z`db{$ pndn hcw îwî {bwn{îs `q wb{mbs gb d„`{wnodb 01 bw pn cb dn hcw u`s îwî {bswnwîsdh{s gb shc {ù`w{nbmbcw$ gb mìmb pb whwb gbm`cgb g„ncgbmcnwî {bd`wnzbå cb ub{wb pb db u{nshccnb{ `ww{nkb å d` `wb gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nobh g„c gb sbs `fbcws# Bc {bz`coab$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob {bmudòb{` å sbs{`ns dbs bbws ub{shccbds ghcw db u{nshccnb{ `{`nw kbshnc g{`cw s` oùwn- znwî# G`cs whs dbs o`s$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob {bmbww{` ` u{nshccnb{ cbgîod`{`wnhc snfcîb u`{ c honb{ {bsuhcs`kdb bw ghcc`cw whwbs dbs nch{-m`wnhcs wndbs s{ dbs {`nshcs uh{ dbspbddbs obs bbws$ shmmbs h hklbwsgb z`db{ cb dn hcw u`s îwî {bswnwîs# rc gudno`w` gb obwwb gîod`{`wnhc sb{`

`g{bssî å d` Unss`cob ghcw gîubcg db u{nshccnb{ u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gb d„fbcobobcw{`db gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 0;?#



007 ?b OhczBcwnhc

_BOWNHC Zbdwnhcsgbsu{nshccnb{sgbfrb{{bzbod„bwî{nbr{

@nod :>Gás p„bddb `{` bc shc uhzhn{ gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ d` Unss`cob gî-wbcw{nob uh{wb{` å db{ ohcc`nss`cob `ncsn p„å obddb gb d` Unss`cob ghcw ndsgîubcgbcw$ u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ dbs mbs{bs u{îzbsuh{ d „bqîownhc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb _bownhc 9 bddb chwnb{` gbmìmb whwb mhgno`wnhc ùuh{wîb å obs mbs{bs#

@nod 65

Oa`pb u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b sb{` mns bc mbs{b$ gás p„nd `{` îwî `nw u{n-shccnb{ h$ uds w`{g$ cb sbm`ncb u{ás shc {{nzîb g`cs c o`mu$ mìmbs„nd s„`fnw g„c o`mu gb w{`csnw$ bw gb mìmb bc o`s gb m`d`gnb h gb w{`csb{wg`cs c d`|`{bw h g`cs c `w{b o`mu$ g„`g{bssb{ gn{bowbmbcw å s` `mnddb$g„cb u`{w$ bw å d„fbcob obcw{`db gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b u{îzb å d„`{-wnodb¥0;?$ g„`w{b u`{w$ cb o`{wb îw`kdnb sn uhssnkdb sbdhc db mhgádb `ccbqîå d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ dbs nch{m`cw gb s` oùwnznwî$ gb shc `g{bssb bwgb shc îw`w gb s`cwî# Dbsgnwbs o`{wbs sb{hcw w{`csmnsbs `zbo whwb d` {ùngnwîuhssnkdb bw cb uh{{hcw ìw{b {bw`{gîbs g„òcb m`cná{b#

@nod 60Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å bquîgnb{ `ncsn p„å {bobzhn{ gbsdbww{bs bw gbs o`{wbs# _n d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bswnmb cîobss`n{b gb dnmnwb{obwwb oh{{bsuhcg`cob$ bddb gbz{` ` mhncs `wh{nsb{ d„bczhn gb gbq dbww{bsbw gb p`w{b o`{wbs u`{ mhns$ îw`kdnbs `w`cw pb uhssnkdb sbdhc dbs mhgádbs`ccbqîs å d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc !bw obon s`cs ohmuwb{ dbs o`{wbs u{îzbs åd„`{wnodb 65.# G„`w{bs dnmnw`wnhcs cb uh{{hcw ìw{b nmuhsîbs pb sn d` Uns-

s`cob u{hwbow{nob ` whw dnb gb dbs bswnmb{ g`cs d„ncwî{ìw gbs u{nshccnb{sbq-mìmbs$ z dbs gnodwîs pb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob {bcohcw{b g`cs db{bo{wbmbcw g„c chmk{b ss`cw gb w{`gowb{s p`dnîs uh{ bbowb{d` obcs{b cîobss`n{b# _n d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob `g{bssîb `q u{nshccnb{s ghnwìw{b {bsw{bncwb$ obwwb gîonsnhc cb uh{{` ìw{b u{nsb pb u`{ d` Unss`cob ghcwnds gîubcgbcw$ îzbcwbddbmbcw å d` gbm`cgb gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# Obsdbww{bs bw o`{wbs gbz{hcw ìw{b òabmncîbs u`{ dbs mh~bcs dbs uds {ùngbs ghcwgnsuhsb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob 9 bddbs cb uh{{hcw ìw{b {bw`{gîbs cn {bwbcbsuh{ gbs {`nshcs gb gnsonudncb#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn shcw gbuns dhcfwbmus s`cs chzbddbs gb db{`mnddb h pn sb w{hzbcw g`cs d„nmuhssnkndnwî g„bc {bobzhn{ h gb dn bcghccb{ u`{ d` zhnb h{gnc`n{b$ gb mìmb pb obq pn shcw sîu`{îs gbs db{su`{ gbs gnsw`cobs ohcsngî{`kdbs$ sb{hcw wh{nsîs å bquîgnb{ gbs wîdîf{`mmbsghcw dbs w`qbs sb{hcw u`ssîbs ` gîknw gb db{ ohmuwb ù{ás gb d` Unss`cob

Oh{{bsuhc-

g`cob

Chwno`wnhc

gbs mbsr{bs

u{nsbs

O`{wb gboùwr{b




Bczhns gb

sbohr{sN# U{nconubs

fîcî{`rq

gîwbcw{nob h u`~îbs `zbo d„`{fbcw ghcw nds gnsuhsbcw# Dbs u{nshccnb{s kîcî-onb{hcw îf`dbmbcw g„cb wbddb mbs{b bc o`s g„{fbcob#

Bc {áfdb fîcî{`db$ d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob gbs u{nshccnb{s sb{` {îgnfîb g`cs db{

d`cfb m`wb{cbddb# Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw uh{{hcw `wh{nsb{ d` oh{{bsuhc-g`cob bc g„`w{bs d`cfbs#

Dbs sòs ohcwbc`cw db oh{{nb{ gbs u{nshccnb{s sb{hcw shnfcbsbmbcw sobddîs$îwnpbwîs gb `æhc å ncgnpb{ od`n{bmbcw db{ ohcwbc bw `g{bssîs `q k-{b`q gb uhswb gb gbswnc`wnhc#

@nod 6;Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å {bobzhn{ u`{ zhnb uhsw`db h u`{

whw `w{b mh~bc gbs bczhns ncgnzngbds h ohddbowns ohcwbc`cw chw`mmbcwgbs gbc{îbs `dnmbcw`n{bs$ gbs zìwbmbcws$ gbs mîgno`mbcws bw gbs `{wnodbsgbswncîs å s`wns`n{b å db{s kbshncs bc m`wná{b gb {bdnfnhc$ g„îwgbs h gbdhnsn{s$ ~ ohmu{ns gbs dnz{bs$ gbs hklbws gb odwb$ g m`wî{nbd sonbcwnpb$ gbsh{mdbs g„bq`mbc$ gbs ncsw{mbcws gb msnpb$ gbs òobsshn{bs gb suh{wbw g m`wî{nbd ub{mbww`cw `q u{nshccnb{s gb uh{snz{b db{s îwgbs hg„bqb{ob{ cb òwnznwî `{wnswnpb#

Obs bczhns cb uh{{hcw bc òcb `æhc dnkî{b{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gbs

hkdnf`wnhcs pn dn ncohmkbcw bc zb{w gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#Dbs sbdbs {bsw{nownhcs pn uh{{hcw ìw{b ùuh{wîbs å obs bczhns sb{hcw obddbspn sb{hcw u{huhsîbs u`{ d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ g`cs d„ncwî{ìw gbs u{nshc-cnb{s gb fb{{b bq-mìmbs$ h$ bc ob pn ohcob{cb db{s bczhns {bsubownssbdbmbcw$ bc {`nshc gb d„bcohmk{bmbcw bqobuwnhccbd gbs mh~bcs gb w{`cs-uh{w bw gb ohmmcno`wnhc$ u`{ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb hwhw `w{b h{f`cnsmb zbc`cw bc `ngb `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

Dbs mhg`dnwîs {bd`wnzbs å d„bquîgnwnhc gbs bczhns ncgnzngbds h ohddbowns b{hcw

d„hklbw$ s„nd ~ ` dnb$ g„òoh{gs suîon`q bcw{b dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbs$ pn cbuh{{hcw bc òc o`s {bw`{gb{ d` gnsw{nkwnhc gbs bczhns gb sboh{s `q u{n-shccnb{s gb fb{{b# Dbs bczhns gb znz{bs h gb zìwbmbcws cb ohcwnbcg{hcw u`s gbdnz{bs 9 dbs sboh{s mîgno`q sb{hcw$ bc fîcî{`d$ bczh~îs g`cs gbs ohdns ohddbowns#

@nod 6? gî`w g„òoh{gs suîon`q bcw{b dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbs s{ dbs mhg`-dnwîs {bd`wnzbs å d` {îobuwnhc `ncsn p„å d` gnsw{nkwnhc gbs bczhns gb sboh{s

ohddbowns$ db {áfdbmbcw ohcob{c`cw dbs sboh{s ohddbowns `ccbqî å d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc sb{` ùudnpî#

Dbs òoh{gs suîon`q u{îzs on-gbsss cb uh{{hcw bc òc o`s {bsw{bncg{bdb g{hnw gbs ahmmbs gb ohc`cob gb u{bcg{b uhssbssnhc gbs bczhns gb sb-oh{s ohddbowns gbswncîs `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ gb u{hoîgb{ å db{ gnsw{n-kwnhc bw g„bc gnsuhsb{ g`cs d„ncwî{ìw gbs u{nshccnb{s#

NN# _bohr{s

ohddbowns



00: ?b OhczBcwnhc

Obs òoh{gs cb uh{{hcw u`s chc uds {bsw{bncg{b db g{hnw p„`{hcw dbs {b-u{îsbcw`cws gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ g Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb h gb whw `w{b h{f`cnsmb zbc`cw bc `ngb `q u{nshccnb{s pn sb{`nw

oa`{fî gb w{`csmbww{b obs bczhns ohddbowns$ g„bc ohcw{÷db{ d` gnsw{nkwnhc ådb{s gbswnc`w`n{bs#

@nod 67Whs dbs bczhns gb sboh{s gbswncîs q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw bqbmuwsgb whs g{hnws g„bcw{îb$ gb gh`cb bw `w{bs#

D` oh{{bsuhcg`cob$ dbs bczhns gb sboh{s bw dbs bczhns `wh{nsîs g„`{fbcw`g{bssîs `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b h bquîgnîs u`{ bq$ u`{ zhnb uhsw`db$

shnw gn{bowbmbcw$ shnw u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gbs K{b`q gb {bcsbnfcbmbcws u{î- zs å d„`{wnodb¥0;; bw gb d„fbcob obcw{`db gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b u{îzb åd„`{wnodb¥0;?$ sb{hcw bqhcî{îs gb whwbs w`qbs uhsw`dbs$ ssn knbc g`cs dbs u`~sg„h{nfncb bw gb gbswnc`wnhc pb g`cs dbs u`~s ncwb{mîgn`n{bs#

Dbs {`ns gb w{`csuh{w gbs bczhns gb sboh{s gbswncîs `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$pn$ bc {`nshc gb db{ uhngs h uh{ whw `w{b mhwn$ cb ubzbcw u`s db{ ìw{bw{`csmns u`{ zhnb uhsw`db$ sb{hcw å d` oa`{fb gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob g`cswhs dbs wb{{nwhn{bs udòîs shs shc ohcw{÷db# Dbs `w{bs Unss`cobs u`{wnbs å d`

Ohczbcwnhc suuh{wb{hcw dbs {`ns gb w{`csuh{w g`cs db{s wb{{nwhn{bs {bsubowns#Bc d„`ksbcob g„òoh{gs suîon`q bcw{b dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbs$ dbs {`ns {î-sdw`cw g w{`csuh{w gb obs bczhns$ pn cb sb{`nbcw u`s ohzb{ws u`{ dbs {`c-oansbs u{îzbs on-gbsss$ sb{hcw å d` oa`{fb gb d„bquîgnwb{#

Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bh{ob{hcw gb {îgn{b `w`cw pb uhssnkdbdbs w`qbs wîdîf{ùanpbs uh{ dbs wîdîf{`mmbs bquîgnîs u`{ dbs u{nshccnb{sgb fb{{b h pn db{ shcw `g{bssîs#

@nod 62 o`s hþ dbs huî{`wnhcs mndnw`n{bs bmuìoab{`nbcw dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbsgb {bmudn{ d„hkdnf`wnhc pn db{ ncohmkb g„`ss{b{ db w{`csuh{w gbs bczhnsu{îzs `q `{wnodbs 65$ 60$ 6; bw 66$ dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs ncwî{bssîbs$ dbOhmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb h whw `w{b h{f`cnsmb `f{îî u`{dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw$ uh{{hcw bcw{bu{bcg{b g„`ss{b{ db w{`csuh{w gb obsbczhns `zbo dbs mh~bcs `gîp`ws !v`fhcs$ o`mnhcs$ k`wb`q h `znhcs$ bwo#.# obw bbw$ dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bh{ob{hcw gb db{ u{ho{b{ obs

mh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w bw g„bc `wh{nsb{ d` on{od`wnhc$ chw`mmbcw bc òoh{-g`cw dbs s`-ohcgnws cîobss`n{bs#

Obs mh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w uh{{hcw ìw{b îf`dbmbcw wndnsîs uh{ òabmncb{ <`. d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob$ dbs dnswbs bw dbs {ùuh{ws îoa`cfîs bcw{b d„fbcob

obcw{`db gb {bcsbnfcbmbcws u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 0;?$ bw dbs K{b`q c`-wnhc`q u{îzs å d„ {wnodb 0;; 9

W{`csuh{ws

suîon`rq

J{`coansbs

gb uh{w bw

gb w{`csuh{w




Obcsr{b bw

ohcw{÷db

k. d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob bw dbs {ùuh{ws ohcob{c`cw dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{bpb dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs$ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb h whw `w{b h{f`cnsmb zbc`cw bc `ngb `q u{nshccnb{s îoa`c-

fbcw shnw `zbo db{s u{hu{bs gîdîfîs$ shnw `zbo dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#Dbs u{îsbcwbs gnsuhsnwnhcs cb {bsw{bnfcbcw bc {nbc db g{hnw gb whwb U`{wnb òhcjnw g„h{f`cnsb{$ sn bddb db u{îá{b$ g„`w{bs w{`csuh{ws bw gb gîdnz{b{ gbss`-ohcgnws `q ohcgnwnhcs pn uh{{hcw ìw{b ohczbcbs#

Bc d„`ksbcob g„òoh{gs suîon`q$ dbs {`ns hoo`snhccîs u`{ d„bmudhn gb obsmh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w sb{hcw suuh{wîs u{huh{wnhccbddbmbcw u`{ dbs U`{wnbs` ohcjnw ghcw dbs {bssh{wnss`cws kîcîonbcw gb obs sb{znobs#

@nod 6:D` obcs{b gb d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob `g{bssîb `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b h bq-uîgnîb u`{ bq gbz{` ìw{b `nwb g`cs db uds k{b gîd`n uhssnkdb# Bddb cb uh{{`ìw{b bbowîb pb u`{ dbs w`ws bquîgnwb{ bw gbswnc`w`n{b$ bw cb sbdb hnsuh{ oaòc g„bq#

Db ohcw{÷db gbs bczhns gbswncîs `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb gbz{` u`s s„b-bowb{ g`cs gbs ohcgnwnhcs wbddbs p„nd ohmu{hmbwwb d` ohcsb{z`wnhc gbsgbc{îbs p„nds ohcwnbccbcw bw nd sb b{`$ å mhncs p„nd cb s„`fnssb g„c îo{nw h

g„c nmu{nmî$ bc u{îsbcob g gbswnc`w`n{b h g„c o`m`{`gb gmbcw m`c-g`wî u`{ dn# D` {bmnsb gbs bczhns ncgnzngbds h ohddbowns `q u{nshccnb{s cbuh{{` ìw{b {bw`{gîb shs u{îwbqwb gb gnodwîs gb obcs{b#

Whwb ncwb{gnownhc gb oh{{bsuhcg`cob îgnowîb u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw$ uh{gbs {`nshcs mndnw`n{bs h uhdnwnpbs$ cb uh{{` ìw{b pb wbmuh{`n{b bw g„cbg{îb `ssn k{ázb pb uhssnkdb#

@nod 66

Dbs Unss`cobs gîwbcw{nobs `ss{b{hcw whwbs òndnwîs uh{ d` w{`csmnssnhc$u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob h gb d„fbcob obcw{`db gbs u{n-shccnb{s gb fb{{b u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 0;?$ gbs òwbs$ unáobs bw ghombcws$ gbs-wncîs `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b h pn îm`cbcw g„bq$ bc u`{wnodnb{ gbsu{ho{`wnhcs h gbs wbsw`mbcws#

G`cs whs dbs o`s$ dbs Unss`cobs gîwbcw{nobs òndnwb{hcw `q u{nshccnb{s gbfb{{b d „îw`kdnssbmbcw gb obs ghombcws 9 bddbs dbs `wh{nsb{hcw bc u`{wnodnb{å ohcsdwb{ c l{nswb bw u{bcg{hcw dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ `n{b `wwbswb{

d„`wabcwnonwî gb db{ snfc`w{b#

Îw`kdnssb-mbcw bw

w{`csmnssnhc

gb ghor-

mbcws dîf`rq



001 ?b OhczBcwnhc

_BOWNHC ZNuuh{wgbsu{nshccnb{sgbfrb{{bzbodbsrwh{nwîs

OA@UNW[B N

@nod 61Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b `{hcw db g{hnw gb u{îsbcwb{ `q `wh{nwîs mndn-w`n{bs ` uhzhn{ gbspbddbs nds sb w{hzbcw gbs {bpìwbs ohcob{c`cw db {îfnmbgb oùwnznwî `pbd nds shcw shmns#

Nds `{hcw îf`dbmbcw$ s`cs {bsw{nownhc$ db g{hnw gb s„ g{bssb{ shnw u`{ d„bcw{bmnsbgb d„ahmmb gb ohc`cob$ shnw gn{bowbmbcw s„nds d „bswnmbcw cîobss`n{b$ `q {b-u{îsbcw`cws gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs$ uh{ db{ ncgnpb{ dbs uhncws s{ dbs-pbds nds `{`nbcw gbs ud`ncwbs å h{mdb{ å d„îf`{g g {îfnmb gb d` oùwnznwî#

Obs {bpìwbs bw ud`ncwbs cb sb{hcw u`s dnmnwîbs cn ohcsngî{îbs ohmmb `n-s`cw u`{wnb g ohcwncfbcw gb oh{{bsuhcg`cob mbcwnhccî å d„`{wnodb 60# Bddbsgbz{hcw ìw{b w{`csmnsbs g„{fbcob# Bddbs cb uh{{hcw ghccb{ dnb å òcbucnwnhc$ mìmb sn bddbs shcw {bohccbs chc hcgîbs#

Dbs ahmmbs gb ohc`cob uh{{hcw bczh~b{ q {bu{îsbcw`cws gbs Unss`cobsu{hwbow{nobs gbs {ùuh{ws uî{nhgnpbs s{ d` snw`wnhc g`cs dbs o`mus bw dbskbshncs gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

OA@UNW[B NN

@nod 6>

G`cs whs dbs dnbq hþ sb w{hzbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ å d„bqobuwnhcgb obq hþ sb w{hzbcw gbs honb{s$ dbs u{nshccnb{s îdn{hcw dnk{bmbcw bw `so{wnc sbo{bw$ whs dbs snq mhns$ bw gb mìmb bc o`s gb zò`cob$ gbs ahmmbsgb ohc`cob oa`{fîs gb dbs {bu{îsbcwb{ ù{ás gbs `wh{nwîs mndnw`n{bs$ gbsUnss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs$ g Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb bw gbwhw `w{b h{f`cnsmb pn db{ znbcg{`nw bc `ngb# Obs ahmmbs gb ohc`cobsb{hcw {îîdnfnkdbs#

G`cs dbs o`mus g„honb{s bw `ssnmndîs h g`cs dbs o`mus mnqwbs$ d„honb{

u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b db uds `conbc g`cs db f{`gb db uds îdbzî sb{` {bohccohmmb d„ahmmb gb ohc`cob# G`cs dbs o`mus g„honb{s$ nd sb{` `ssnswî g„ch gb udsnb{s ohcsbnddb{s oahnsns u`{ dbs honb{s 9 g`cs dbs o`mus mnqwbs$sbs `ssnsw`cws sb{hcw oahnsns u`{mn dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b `w{bs pb dbshonb{s bw îds u`{ bq#

Îdbownhcs

Ud`ncwbs bw

{bprìwbs




Jhcownhcs

G`cs dbs o`mus gb w{`z`nd uh{ u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ gbs honb{s u{nshc-cnb{s gb fb{{b gb mìmb c`wnhc`dnwî sb{hcw udòîs `c gb {bmudn{ dbs hco-wnhcs `gmncnsw{`wnzbs g o`mu ncohmk`cw `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b# Bc

hw{b$ obs honb{s uh{{hcw ìw{b îds `q uhswbs g„ahmmbs gb ohc`cobohch{mîmbcw `q gnsuhsnwnhcs g u{bmnb{ `dncî` g u{îsbcw `{wnodb# G`csob o`s$ dbs `ssnsw`cws gb d„ahmmb gb ohc`cob sb{hcw oahnsns u`{mn dbs u{n-shccnb{s gb fb{{b `w{bs pb gbs honb{s#

Whw ahmmb gb ohc`cob îd gbz{` ìw{b `f{îî u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbc-w{nob `z`cw gb uhzhn{ bcw{b{ bc hcownhc# _n d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob {bsbg„`f{îb{ c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b îd u`{ sbs ohmu`fchcs gb oùwnznwî$ bddbgbz{` ghccb{ å d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob dbs {`nshcs gb shc {bs#

G`cs whs dbs o`s$ d„ahmmb gb ohc`cob sb{` gb mìmb c`wnhc`dnwî$ d`cfbbw ohwmbs pb dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b p„nd {bu{îsbcwb# ncsn$ dbs u{nshc-cnb{s gb fb{{b {îu`{wns g`cs gbs sbownhcs gnî{bcwbs g„c o`mu sbdhc db{c`wnhc`dnwî$ d`cfb h ohwmbs$ `{hcw$ uh{ oa`pb sbownhc$ db{ u{hu{bahmmb gb ohc`cob$ ohch{mîmbcw `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gbs `dncî`s u{îoîgbcws#

@nod 15Dbs ahmmbs gb ohc`cob gbz{hcw ohcw{nkb{ ` knbc-ìw{b ua~snpb$ mh{`d

bw ncwbddbowbd gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#Bc u`{wnodnb{$ sn dbs u{nshccnb{s gîong`nbcw g„h{f`cnsb{ bcw{b bq c s~s-wámb g„`ssnsw`cob mwbddb$ obwwb h{f`cns`wnhc sb{`nw gb d` ohmuîwbcob gbsahmmbs gb ohc`cob$ ncgîubcg`mmbcw gbs wëoabs suîon`dbs pn db{ shcwohcîbs u`{ g„ w{bs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

Dbs ahmmbs gb ohc`cob cb sb{hcw u`s {bsuhcs`kdbs$ g sbd `nw gb db{shcownhcs$ gbs nc{òwnhcs ohmmnsbs u`{ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

@nod 10Dbs ahmmbs gb ohc`cob cb sb{hcw `sw{bncws å òc `w{b w{`z`nd$ sn d„ò-ohmudnssbmbcw gb db{ hcownhc gbz`nw bc ìw{b {bcgb uds gnondb#

Dbs ahmmbs gb ohc`cob uh{{hcw gîsnfcb{ u`{mn dbs u{nshccnb{s dbs `s-snsw`cws pn db{ shcw cîobss`n{bs# Whwbs òndnwîs m`wî{nbddbs db{ sb{hcwòoh{gîbs bw chw`mmbcw ob{w`ncbs dnkb{wîs gb mhzbmbcw cîobss`n{bs å d„ò-ohmudnssbmbcw gb db{s wëoabs !znsnwbs gb gîwòabmbcws gb w{`z`nd$ {îobuwnhcgbs bczhns gb sboh{s$ bwo#.#

Dbs ahmmbs gb ohc`cob sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å znsnwb{ dbs dho`q hþ shcw ncwb{-cîs dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b bw obq-on {hcw db g{hnw gb ohcsdwb{ dnk{bmbcwdb{ ahmmb gb ohc`cob#

Whwbs òndnwîs sb{hcw îf`dbmbcw òoh{gîbs `q ahmmbs gb ohc`cob uh{db{ oh{{bsuhcg`cob uhsw`db bw wîdîf{ùanpb `zbo dbs `wh{nwîs gîwbcw{nobs$

U{î{hf`wnzbs



0;5 ?b OhczBcwnhc

`zbo dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs$ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfbbw db{s gîdîfîs$ `zbo dbs Ohmmnssnhcs mîgno`dbs mnqwbs$ `ncsn p„`zbo dbsh{f`cnsmbs pn znbcg{`nbcw bc `ngb `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b# Dbs ahmmbs

gb ohc`cob gbs gîwòabmbcws gb w{`z`nd lhn{hcw gbs mìmbs òndnwîs uh{db{ oh{{bsuhcg`cob `zbo d„ahmmb gb ohc`cob g o`mu u{nconu`d# Obsoh{{bsuhcg`cobs cb sb{hcw u`s dnmnwîbs cn ohcsngî{îbs ohmmb `ns`cw u`{wnbg ohcwncfbcw mbcwnhccî å d„`{wnodb 60#

oc ahmmb gb ohc`cob cb uh{{` ìw{b w{`csî{î s`cs pb db wbmus {`n-shcc`kdbmbcw cîobss`n{b dn nw îwî d`nssî uh{ mbww{b shc soobssb{ oh-{`cw gbs ``n{bs bc oh{s#

Bc o`s gb gbswnwwnhc$ dbs mhwns gb obwwb gîonsnhc sb{hcw ohmmcnpîs å d`

Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob#

OA@UNW[B NNN_

N# Gnsuhsnwnhcs fîcî{`dbs

@nod 1;Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw shmns `q dhns$ {áfdbmbcws bw h{g{bs fîcî-{`q bc znfb{ g`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# Obddb-onsb{` `wh{nsîb å u{bcg{b gbs mbs{bs lgnon`n{bs h gnsonudnc`n{bs å d„îf`{g gbwhw u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b `~`cw ohmmns cb nc{òwnhc å obs dhns$ {áfdbmbcwsh h{g{bs fîcî{`q# Obubcg`cw$ òcb uh{snwb h s`cownhc ohcw{`n{bs`q gnsuhsnwnhcs g u{îsbcw oaùnw{b cb sb{` `wh{nsîb#

_n gbs dhns$ {áfdbmbcws h h{g{bs fîcî{`q gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gîod`-{bcw ucnss`kdbs gbs òwbs ohmmns u`{ c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b `dh{s pbobs òwbs cb db shcw u`s p`cg nds shcw ohmmns u`{ c mbmk{b gbs h{obs`{mîbs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ nds cb uh{{hcw ohmuh{wb{ pb gbs s`co-wnhcs gnsonudnc`n{bs#

@nod 1?Dh{sp„nd s„`fn{` gb s`zhn{ sn cb nc{òwnhc ohmmnsb u`{ c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{bghnw ìw{b ucnb gnsonudnc`n{bmbcw h lgnon`n{bmbcw$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob

zbnddb{` å ob pb dbs `wh{nwîs ohmuîwbcwbs sbcw gb d` uds f{`cgb ncgdfbcob

g`cs d„ùu{îon`wnhc gb d` pbswnhc bw {boh{bcw å gbs mbs{bs gnsonudnc`n{bs ud-w÷w p„å gbs uh{snwbs lgnon`n{bs$ oa`pb hns pb obd` sb{` uhssnkdb#

@nod 17_bds dbs w{nkc`q mndnw`n{bs uh{{hcw lfb{ c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b$ åmhncs pb d` dîfnsd`wnhc gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob c„`wh{nsb bqu{bssîmbcw

W{nkrc`rq

Oahnq bcw{b

dbs zhnbs

gnsonudnc`n{b

hr lrgnon`n{b

G{hnw

ùudno`kdb



DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> 0;0

Nc{òwnhcs

ohmmnsbs

`z`cw dòùwr{b

© Chc kns

nc ngbm ¹

Ubncbs

gbs w{nkc`q onznds å lfb{ c mbmk{b gbs h{obs `{mîbs gb obwwb Unss`cobuh{ d` mìmb nc{òwnhc pb obddb uh{ d`pbddb db u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b bswuh{snzn#

Bc òc o`s$ c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b cb sb{` w{`gnw gbz`cw pbdpb w{nk-c`d pb ob shnw pn c„h{n{`nw u`s dbs f`{`cwnbs bssbcwnbddbs g„ncgîubcg`cob bwg„nmu`{wn`dnwî fîcî{`dbmbcw {boohcbs bw$ bc u`{wnodnb{$ ghcw d` u{hoîg{bcb dn `ss{b{`nw u`s dbs g{hnws bw mh~bcs gb d` gîbcsb u{îzs å d„`{wnodb 052#

@nod 12Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b uh{snzns bc zb{w gb d` dîfnsd`wnhc gb d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob uh{ gbs òwbs p„nds hcw ohmmns `z`cw g„`zhn{ îwî `nws u{nshccnb{s

{bswb{hcw$ mìmb s„nds shcw ohcg`mcîs$ ` kîcîob gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

@nod 1:rc u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b cb uh{{` ìw{b ucn p„cb sbdb hns bc {`nshc gmìmb `nw h g mìmb oab g„òos`wnhc#

@nod 16Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb uh{{hcw ìw{b {ùuîs u`{ dbs `wh{nwîs mndn-

w`n{bs bw dbs w{nkc`q gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob g„`w{bs ubncbs pb obddbspn shcw u{îzbs uh{ dbs mìmbs `nws å d„îf`{g gbs mbmk{bs gbs h{obs `{-mîbs gb obwwb Unss`cob#

Uh{ qb{ d` ubncb$ dbs w{nkc`q h `wh{nwîs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nobu{bcg{hcw bc ohcsngî{`wnhc$ g`cs d` uds d`{fb mbs{b uhssnkdb$ db `nw pbdb u{îzbc c„îw`cw u`s c {bssh{wnss`cw gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob c„bsw dnî åbddb u`{ òc gbzhn{ gb gîdnwî bw p„nd sb w{hzb bc shc uhzhn{ å d` snwb gbon{ohcsw`cobs ncgîubcg`cwbs gb s` u{hu{b zhdhcwî# Nds `{hcw d` òdwî g„`w-wîcb{ dnk{bmbcw d` ubncb u{îzb uh{ d„nc{òwnhc {bu{hoaîb ` u{nshccnb{$bw cb sb{hcw u`s wbcs$ å obw bbw$ g„ùudnpb{ db mncnmm gb obwwb ubncb#

_hcw ncwb{gnwbs whwb ubncb ohddbownzb uh{ gbs òwbs ncgnzngbds$ whwb ubncboh{uh{bddb$ whwb nco`{oî{`wnhc g`cs gbs dho`q chc îod`n{îs u`{ d` dmná{bg lh{ bw$ g„cb m`cná{b fîcî{`db$ whwb h{mb pbdohcpb gb wh{w{b h gbo{`wî#

Gb uds$ òc u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b cb uh{{` ìw{b u{nzî gb shc f{`gb u`{ dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ cn bmuìoaî g„bc uh{wb{ dbs ncsnfcbs#

@nod 11 f{`gb îpnz`dbcw$ dbs honb{s$ shs-honb{s h shdg`ws u{nshccnb{s gbfb{{b$ sknss`cw cb ubncb gnsonudnc`n{b h lgnon`n{b$ cb sb{hcw u`s shmnså c w{`nwbmbcw uds sîzá{b pb obdn u{îz$ bc ob pn ohcob{cb d` mìmbubncb$ uh{ dbs mbmk{bs gbs h{obs `{mîbs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

Bqîorwnhc

gbs ubncbs



0;; ?b OhczBcwnhc

Dbs u{nshccná{bs gb fb{{b cb sb{hcw u`s ohcg`mcîbs å cb ubncb uds sî- zá{b$ h$ ubcg`cw p„bddbs sknssbcw db{ ubncb$ w{`nwîbs uds sîzá{bmbcw pbdbs bmmbs ùu`{wbc`cw `q h{obs `{mîbs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob ucnbs

uh{ cb nc{òwnhc c`dhfb#Bc òc o`s$ dbs u{nshccná{bs gb fb{{b cb uh{{hcw ìw{b ohcg`mcîbs åcb ubncb uds sîzá{b$ h$ ubcg`cw p„bddbs sknssbcw db{ ubncb$ w{`nwîbs udssîzá{bmbcw p„c ahmmb mbmk{b gbs h{obs `{mîbs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbc-w{nob$ ucn uh{ cb nc{òwnhc `c`dhfb#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb uh{{hcw$ ù{ás `zhn{ skn gbs ubncbs gnsonudn-c`n{bs h lgnon`n{bs pn db{ `{hcw îwî ncjnfîbs$ ìw{b w{`nwîs gnî{bmmbcwgbs `w{bs u{nshccnb{s#

NN# _`cownhcs gnsonudnc`n{bs

@nod 1>Dbs ubncbs gnsonudnc`n{bs ùudno`kdbs `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw <

0. d„`mbcgb lsp„å ohco{{bcob gb 25 uh{ obcw gb d„`z`cob gb shdgb bw gbd„ncgbmcnwî gb w{`z`nd u{îzbs `q `{wnodbs :5 bw :;$ bw obd`$ ubcg`cw cbuî{nhgb pn c„bqoîgb{` u`s w{bcwb lh{s9

;. d` suu{bssnhc g„`z`cw`fbs òoh{gîs bc ss g w{`nwbmbcw u{îz u`{ dù{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc9

?. dbs oh{zîbs c„bqoîg`cw u`s gbq ab{bs u`{ lh{9

7. dbs `{{ìws#

Whwbhns$ d` ubncb znsîb shs oan{b ? cb uh{{` u`s ìw{b ùudnpîb `qhonb{s#

Bc òc o`s$ dbs ubncbs gnsonudnc`n{bs cb sb{hcw ncam`ncbs$ k{w`dbs hg`cfb{bsbs uh{ d` s`cwî gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

@nod >5D` g{îb g„cb mìmb ucnwnhc cb gîu`ssb{` l`m`ns w{bcwb lh{s# Bc o`s gb`wb gnsonudnc`n{b$ dbs uî{nhgbs gb gîwbcwnhc u{îzbcwnzb sknbs `z`cw d„`-gnbcob h db u{hchcoî gb d` ubncb sb{hcw gîgnwbs gb d` ubncb u{hchcoîb#

Db m`qnmm gb w{bcwb lh{s u{îz on-gbsss cb uh{{` u`s ìw{b gîu`ssî$

mìmb sn c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b `z`nw å {îuhcg{b gnsonudnc`n{bmbcw gbudsnb{s `nws ` mhmbcw hþ nd bsw sw`wî å shc îf`{g$ pb obs `nws shnbcwohccbqbs h chc#

Nd cb s„îohdb{` u`s uds g„c mhns bcw{b d` gîonsnhc gnsonudnc`n{b bw shcbqîownhc#

NN# Gr{îb

gbs ubncbs

Fîcî{`dnwîs

N# C`wr{b

gbs ubncbs



DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> 0;?

Îz`snhc

N# Îz`snhc

{îrssnb

NN# Îz`snhc

chc {îrssnb

o`s hþ c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b sb{`nw {ùuî g„cb chzbddb ubncb gnson-udnc`n{b$ c gîd`n gb w{hns lh{s mhncs sîu`{b{` d „bqîownhc gb oaòcb gbsubncbs$ gás pb d` g{îb gb d„cb g„bddbs sb{` gb gnq lh{s h uds#

@nod >0D„îz`snhc g„c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b sb{` ohcsngî{îb ohmmb {îssnb dh{spb <

0. nd `{` {blhncw dbs h{obs {mîbs gb d` Unss`cob ghcw nd gîubcg h obddbsg„cb Unss`cob `ddnîb 9

;. nd `{` pnwwî db wb{{nwhn{b udòî shs db uhzhn{ gb d` Unss`cob gîwbc-w{nob h g„cb Unss`cob `ddnîb å obddb-on 9

?. nd `{` {blhncw c c`zn{b k`ww`cw u`znddhc gb d` Unss`cob ghcw nd gîubcgh g„cb Unss`cob `ddnîb bw pn sb w{hzb{`nw g`cs dbs b`q wb{{nwh{n`dbsgb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ å ohcgnwnhc pb ob c`zn{b cb shnw u`s udòîshs d„`wh{nwî gb obwwb gb{cná{b#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn$ ù{ás `zhn{ {îssn db{ îz`snhc ` sbcs g u{î-sbcw `{wnodb$ sb{`nbcw gb chzb` `nws u{nshccnb{s$ cb sb{hcw u`ssnkdbs g„`-ocb ubncb uh{ db{ îz`snhc `cwî{nb{b#

@nod >;rc u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b pn wbcwb gb s„îz`gb{ bw pn bsw {bu{ns `z`cw g„`zhn{{îssn shc îz`snhc$ ` sbcs gb d„`{wnodb >0$ cb sb{` u`ssnkdb uh{ obw òwb$mìmb bc o`s gb {îongnzb$ pb g„cb ubncb gnsonudnc`n{b#

Db u{nshccnb{ {bu{ns sb{` {bmns `ssnw÷w pb uhssnkdb `q `wh{nwîs mndnw`n{bsohmuîwbcwbs#

Bc gî{hf`wnhc å d„`{wnodb 11$ p`w{námb `dncî`$ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b u-cns å d` snwb g„cb îz`snhc chc {îssnb uh{{hcw ìw{b shmns å c {îfnmb gb

s{zbndd`cob suîon`d$ å ohcgnwnhc whwbhns pb ob {îfnmb c„`bowb u`s db{îw`w gb s`cwî$ p„nd shnw skn g`cs c o`mu gb u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b bw p„ndcb ohmuh{wb d` suu{bssnhc g„òcb gbs f`{`cwnbs pn db{ shcw òoh{gîbsu`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

@nod >?D„îz`snhc$ h d` wbcw`wnzb g„îz`snhc$ mìmb s„nd ~ ` {îongnzb$ cb sb{` u`s ohcsn-gî{îb ohmmb cb on{ohcsw`cob `ff{`z`cwb g`cs db o`s hþ db u{nshccnb{ gb

fb{{b sb{`nw gîî{î `q w{nkc`q uh{ cb nc{òwnhc ohmmnsb ` oh{s gbd„îz`snhc h gb d` wbcw`wnzb g„îz`snhc#

Ohch{mîmbcw `q swnud`wnhcs gb d„`{wnodb 1?$ dbs nc{òwnhcs ohmmnsbs u`{dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b g`cs db sbd gbssbnc gb òndnwb{ db{ îz`snhc bw pnc„`{hcw ohmuh{wî òcb znhdbcob ohcw{b dbs ub{shccbs$ p„nd s„`fnssb g„nc-{òwnhcs ohcw{b d` u{hu{nîwî ukdnpb$ gb zhd s`cs gbssbnc g„bc{noanssbmbcw$

NNN# Nc{òwnhcs

ohccbqbs



0;7 ?b OhczBcwnhc

gb d„îw`kdnssbmbcw bw gb d„s`fb gb `q uùnb{s$ gb uh{w g„a`knws onznds$ cbghccb{hcw dnb p„å gbs ubncbs gnsonudnc`n{bs#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn `{hcw ohhuî{î å cb îz`snhc h å cb wbcw`-

wnzb g„îz`snhc cb sb{hcw u`ssnkdbs gb ob oab pb g„cb ubncb gnsonudnc`n{b#

@nod >7_n c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b îz`gî bsw {bu{ns$ chwno`wnhc bc sb{` `nwb$ sbdhcdbs mhg`dnwîs u{îzbs å d„`{wnodb 0;;$ å d` Unss`cob ghcw nd gîubcg$ uh{ `-w`cw pb shc îz`snhc `{` îwî chwnîb#

@nod >2

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b u{îzbcs gb `wbs gnsonudnc`n{bs cb sb{hcw u`sm`ncwbcs bc gîwbcwnhc u{îzbcwnzb g`cs d„`wwbcwb gb d` gîonsnhc$ å mhncspb d` mìmb mbs{b cb shnw ùudno`kdb `q mbmk{bs gbs h{obs `{mîbs gb dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob uh{ gbs nc{òwnhcs `c`dhfbs h pb dbs ncwî{ìws s-uî{nb{s g m`ncwnbc gb d„h{g{b bw gb d` gnsonudncb g`cs db o`mu cb d„bqnfbcw#

Uh{ whs dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ d` gîwbcwnhc u{îzbcwnzb bc o`s gb `wbsgnsonudnc`n{bs sb{` {îgnwb ` sw{now mncnmm bw c„bqoîgb{` u`s p`wh{|b lh{s#Dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gbs `{wnodbs >6 bw >1 g u{îsbcw oaùnw{b s„ùudnpb{hcw `q

u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b bc gîwbcwnhc u{îzbcwnzb uh{ `wbs gnsonudnc`n{bs#

@nod >:Dbs `nws ohcswnw`cw cb `wb ohcw{b d` gnsonudncb b{hcw d„hklbw g„cb bc-pìwb nmmîgn`wb#

_`cs u{îlgnob gb d` ohmuîwbcob gbs w{nkc`q bw gbs `wh{nwîs mndnw`n{bssuî{nb{bs$ dbs ubncbs gnsonudnc`n{bs cb uh{{hcw ìw{b u{hchcoîbs pb u`{c honb{ mcn gb uhzhn{s gnsonudnc`n{bs bc s` p`dnwî gb ohmm`cg`cw gb

o`mu$ h u`{ c honb{ {bsuhcs`kdb pn db {bmudòb h å pn nd ` gîdîfî sbsuhzhn{s gnsonudnc`n{bs#

Bc òc o`s$ obs uhzhn{s cb uh{{hcw ìw{b gîdîfîs å c u{nshccnb{ gbfb{{b cn bqb{oîs u`{ c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b#

z`cw whw u{hchcoî g„cb ubncb gnsonudnc`n{b$ db u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b nc-oduî sb{` nch{mî `zbo u{îonsnhc gbs `nws pn dn shcw {bu{hoaîs# Nd sb{` `-wh{nsî å `n{b bcwbcg{b gbs wîmhncs bw å {boh{n{$ sn cîobss`n{b$ `q hobsg„c ncwb{u{áwb p`dnî# D` gîonsnhc sb{` `cchcoîb ` u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b

bw å d„ahmmb gb ohc`cob#Db ohmm`cg`cw g o`mu gbz{` wbcn{ c {bfnsw{b gbs ubncbs gnsonudnc`n{bsu{hchcoîbs 9 ob {bfnsw{b sb{` wbc å d` gnsuhsnwnhc gbs {bu{îsbcw`cws gb dÙnss`cob u{hwbow{nob#

NZ# Chwno`-

wnhc gb d`

{bu{nsb gr

u{nshccnb{

U{hoîgr{bN# Gîwbcwnhc

u{îzbcwnzb

NN# @rwh{nwîs

ohmuîwbcwbs

bw g{hnw gb

gîbcsb




Bqîorwnhc

gbs ubncbs

N# Dho`rq

NN# F`{`cwnbs

bssbcwnbddbs

@nod >6Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b cb sb{hcw bc òc o`s w{`csî{îs g`cs gbs îw`kdns-sbmbcws uîcnwbcwn`n{bs !u{nshcs$ uîcnwbconb{s$ k`fcbs$ bwo#. uh{ ~ skn{ gbs

ubncbs gnsonudnc`n{bs#Whs dbs dho`q g`cs dbspbds sb{hcw sknbs dbs ubncbs gnsonudnc`n{bs sb{hcwohch{mbs `q bqnfbcobs gb d„a~fnácb u{îzbs å d„`{wnodb ;2# Dbs u{nshccnb{sgb fb{{b ucns sb{hcw mns å mìmb gb sb wbcn{ bc îw`w gb u{hu{bwî$ sbdhc dbsgnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`{wnodb ;>#

Dbs honb{s bw `ssnmndîs cb sb{hcw u`s gîwbcs g`cs dbs mìmbs dho`q pb dbsshs-honb{s h ahmmbs gb w{hub#

Dbs u{nshccná{bs gb fb{{b sknss`cw cb ubncb gnsonudnc`n{b sb{hcw gîwbcbsg`cs gbs dho`q gnswncows gb obq gbs ahmmbs bw sb{hcw udòîbs shs d` s{- zbndd`cob nmmîgn`wb gb bmmbs#

@nod >1Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gîwbcs å d` snwb g„cb ubncb gnsonudnc`n{b ohcwn-cb{hcw å kîcîonb{ gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ s` g`cs d`mbs{b hþ db{ gîwbcwnhc mìmb dbs {bcg ncùudno`kdbs# Whwbhns$ db kîcîobgbs `{wnodbs 61 bw 0;: cb uh{{` bc òc o`s db{ ìw{b {bwn{î#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ucns gnsonudnc`n{bmbcw cb uh{{hcw ìw{b u{nzîsgbs u{î{hf`wnzbs `wwòaîbs å db{ f{`gb#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ucns gnsonudnc`n{bmbcw `{hcw d` òdwî gbu{bcg{b oa`pb lh{ gb d„bqb{onob bw g„ìw{b bc udbnc `n{ ubcg`cw ` mhncsgbq ab{bs#

Nds sb{hcw `wh{nsîs$ s{ db{ gbm`cgb$ å sb u{îsbcwb{ å d` znsnwb mîgno`dbphwngnbccb 9 nds {bobz{hcw dbs shncs pb cîobssnwb db{ îw`w gb s`cwî bw$ db o`s

îoaî`cw$ sb{hcw îzòîs s{ d„nc{mb{nb g o`mu h s{ c a÷unw`d#Nds sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å dn{b bw å îo{n{b$ `ncsn p„å bquîgnb{ bw å {bobzhn{ gbsdbww{bs# Bc {bz`coab$ dbs ohdns bw dbs bczhns g„`{fbcw uh{{hcw cb db{ ìw{b gîdn- z{îs p„å d„bqun{`wnhc gb d` ubncb 9 nds sb{hcw ohcîs$ bc `wwbcg`cw$ å d„ahmmbgb ohc`cob$ pn {bmbww{` å d„nc{mb{nb dbs gbc{îbs uî{nss`kdbs sb w{hz`cwg`cs obs ohdns#

NNN# Uhr{srnwbs lrgnon`n{bs

@nod >>oc u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b cb uh{{` ìw{b uh{snzn h ohcg`mcî uh{c òwb pn c„bsw u`s bqu{bssîmbcw {îu{nmî u`{ d` dîfnsd`wnhc gb d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob h u`{ db g{hnw ncwb{c`wnhc`d pn shcw bc znfb{ ` lh{ hþ obwòwb ` îwî ohmmns#

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0;: ?b OhczBcwnhc

ocb u{bssnhc mh{`db h ua~snpb cb uh{{` ìw{b bqb{oîb s{ c u{nshccnb{gb fb{{b uh{ d„`mbcb{ å sb {bohcc`ãw{b ohu`kdb g `nw ghcw nd bsw òosî#

oc u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b cb uh{{` ìw{b ohcg`mcî s`cs `zhn{ b d` uhssn-

kndnwî gb sb gîbcg{b bw s`cs `zhn{ îwî `ssnswî u`{ c gîbcsb{ p`dnî#

@nod 055Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b bw dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs sb{hcw nch{mîs `s-snw÷w pb uhssnkdb gbs nc{òwnhcs u`ssnkdbs gb d` ubncb gb mh{w bc zb{w gb d`dîfnsd`wnhc gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

U`{ d` snwb$ òcb nc{òwnhc cb uh{{` ìw{b {bcgb u`ssnkdb gb d` ubncb gbmh{w s`cs d„òoh{g gb d` Unss`cob ghcw gîubcgbcw dbs u{nshccnb{s#

D` ubncb gb mh{w cb uh{{` ìw{b u{hchcoîb ohcw{b c u{nshccnb{ pb sn d„`w-wbcwnhc g w{nkc`d$ ohch{mîmbcw å d„`{wnodb 16$ gbqnámb `dncî`$ ` îwî suî-on`dbmbcw ùubdîb s{ db `nw pb db u{îzbc$ c„îw`cw u`s c {bssh{wnss`cw gb dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob c„bsw dnî å bddb u`{ oc gbzhn{ gb gîdnwî bw p„nd sb w{hzbbc shc uhzhn{ å d` snwb gb on{ohcsw`cobs ncgîubcg`cwbs gb s` u{hu{b zhdhcwî#

@nod 050_n d` ubncb gb mh{w bsw u{hchcoîb ohcw{b c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b$ db lfb-

mbcw cb sb{` u`s bqîowî `z`cw d„bqun{`wnhc g„c gîd`n g„` mhncs snq mhns åu`{wn{ g mhmbcw hþ d` ohmmcno`wnhc gîw`nddîb u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 056 sb{ù`{zbcb å d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob å d„`g{bssb ncgnpîb#

@nod 05;rc lfbmbcw cb uh{{` ìw{b z`d`kdbmbcw {bcg ohcw{b c u{nshccnb{ gbfb{{b pb s„nd ` îwî u{hchcoî u`{ dbs mìmbs w{nkc`q bw snz`cw d` mìmbu{hoîg{b p„å d„îf`{g gbs ub{shccbs ùu`{wbc`cw `q h{obs `{mîbs gb d`

Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bw sn$ bc hw{b$ dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs g u{îsbcw oaùnw{b hcwîwî hksb{zîbs#

@nod 05?Whwb ncsw{ownhc lgnon`n{b ohcw{b c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b sb{` ohcgnwb`ssn {ùngbmbcw pb db ub{mbww{hcw dbs on{ohcsw`cobs bw gb wbddb `æhc pb dbu{hoás `nw dnb db udw w÷w uhssnkdb# oc u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b cb sb{` m`nc-wbc bc gîwbcwnhc u{îzbcwnzb$ å mhncs pb d` mìmb mbs{b cb shnw uudno`kdb`q mbmk{bs gbs h{obs `{mîbs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob uh{ gbs nc{ò-wnhcs `c`dhfbs$ h pb d„ncwî{ìw gb d` sîo{nwî c`wnhc`db cb d„bqnfb# Obwwbgîwbcwnhc u{îzbcwnzb cb g{b{` bc òc o`s uds gb w{hns mhns#

D` g{îb gb d` gîwbcwnhc u{îzbcwnzb g„c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b sb{` gîgnwbgb obddb gb d` ubncb u{nz`wnzb gb dnkb{wî å d`pbddb nd `{` îwî ohcg`mcî 9 nd bcsb{` g„`nddb{s wbc ohmuwb ` mhmbcw gb qb{ d` ubncb#

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G{`cw db{ gîwbcwnhc u{îzbcwnzb$ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ohcwncb{hcw gbkîcîonb{ gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gbs `{wnodbs >6 bw >1 g u{îsbcw oaùnw{b#

@nod 057G`cs whs dbs o`s hþ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob `{` gîongî g„bcw`mb{ gbs uh{-snwbs lgnon`n{bs ohcw{b c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b$ bddb bc `znsb{` d` Unss`cobu{hwbow{nob ssnw÷w pb uhssnkdb bw mhncs w{hns sbm`ncbs z`cw d„hzb{w{bgbs gîk`ws#

Ob gîd`n gb w{hns sbm`ncbs cb oh{{` p„å u`{wn{ g mhmbcw hþ obw `zns sb{ù`{zbc å d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ å d„`g{bssb u{î`d`kdbmbcw ncgnpîb u`{obwwb gb{cná{b å d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

Obw `zns ohcwnbcg{` dbs ncgno`wnhcs snz`cwbs <

0. dbs chm bw u{îchms g u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b$ shc f{`gb$ shc cmî{hm`w{nodb$ s` g`wb gb c`nss`cob$ bw$ s„nd ~ ` dnb$ s` u{hbssnhc 9

;. db dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw h gb gîwbcwnhc 9

?. d` suîono`wnhc g h gbs oabs g„òos`wnhc$ zbo d` mbcwnhc gbs gnsuh-snwnhcs dîf`dbs ùudno`kdbs 9

7. d„ncgno`wnhc g w{nkc`d pn lfb{` d„``n{b `ncsn pb obddb gb d` g`wb bwg dnb u{îzs uh{ d„hzb{w{b gbs gîk`ws#

D` mìmb ohmmcno`wnhc sb{` `nwb u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob å d„ahmmbgb ohc`cob g u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b#

_n$ å d„hzb{w{b gbs gîk`ws$ d` u{bzb c„bsw u`s ùuh{wîb pb d` Unss`cobu{hwbow{nob$ db u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b bw d„ahmmb gb ohc`cob ncwî{bssî hcw{bæ d„`zns mbcwnhccî on-gbsss ` mhncs w{hns sbm`ncbs `z`cw d„hzb{w{bgbs gîk`ws$ obq-on cb uh{{hcw `zhn{ dnb bw sb{hcw `lh{cîs#

@nod 052Db u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b `{` db g{hnw g„ìw{b `ssnswî u`{ c gb sbs o`m`{`gbsu{nshccnb{s$ g„ìw{b gîbcg u`{ c `zho`w p`dnî gb shc oahnq$ gb `n{b onwb{gbs wîmhncs bw gb {boh{n{$ s„nd d„bswnmb cîobss`n{b$ `q hobs g„c ncwb{u{áwbohmuîwbcw# Nd sb{` `znsî gb obs g{hnws bc wbmus wndb$ `z`cw dbs gîk`ws$ u`{ dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

_n db u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b c„` u`s oahnsn gb gîbcsb{$ d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob

dn bc u{ho{b{` c 9 bddb gnsuhsb{` g„` mhncs cb sbm`ncb å obw bbw# d`gbm`cgb gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob dn {bmbww{` cbdnswb gb ub{shccbs p`dnîbs uh{ `ss{b{ d` gîbcsb# o`s hþ cn db u{nshc-cnb{ gb fb{{b cn d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob c„`{`nw `nw oahnq g„c gîbcsb{$d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gîsnfcb{` g„hob c `zho`w p`dnî uh{ gîbcg{b dbu{îzbc#



0;1 ?b OhczBcwnhc

Uh{ u{îu`{b{ d` gîbcsb g u{îzbc$ db gîbcsb{ gnsuhsb{` g„c gîd`n gbgbq sbm`ncbs ` mhncs `z`cw d„hzb{w{b gbs gîk`ws$ `ncsn pb gbs òndnwîscîobss`n{bs 9 nd uh{{` chw`mmbcw {bcg{b dnk{bmbcw znsnwb u{îzbc bw s„bc-

w{bwbcn{ s`cs wîmhncs `zbo dn# Nd uh{{` s„bcw{bwbcn{ `zbo whs dbs wîmhncs ågîoa`{fb$ ~ ohmu{ns gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b# Nd kîcîonb{` gb obs òndnwîs lsp„å d„bqun{`wnhc gbs gîd`ns gb {boh{s#

Db u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b u{îzbc {bobz{`$ `ssb| w÷w `z`cw d„hzb{w{b gbs gî-k`ws$ ohmmcno`wnhc$ g`cs cb d`cfb p„nd ohmu{bccb$ gb d„òwb g„òos`-wnhc `ncsn pb gbs òwbs pn shcw$ bc fîcî{`d$ ohmmcnpîs ` u{îzbc bc zb{w gbs dhns bc znfb{ g`cs dbs `{mîbs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# D` mìmbohmmcno`wnhc gbz{` ìw{b `nwb g`cs dbs mìmbs ohcgnwnhcs å shc gîbcsb{#

Dbs {bu{îsbcw`cws gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob `{hcw db g{hnw g„`ssnswb{ `qgîk`ws$ s` sn obq-on gbz`nbcw$ bqobuwnhccbddbmbcw$ `zhn{ dnb å ans odhsg`cs d „ncwî{ìw gb d` s{bwî gb d „w`w 9 g`cs ob o`s d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bc`znsb{` d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob#

@nod 05:Whw u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b `{` db g{hnw$ g`cs dbs mìmbs ohcgnwnhcs pb dbsmbmk{bs gbs h{obs `{mîbs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ gb {boh{n{ bc ùubd$

bc o`ss`wnhc h bc {îznsnhc$ ohcw{b whw lfbmbcw {bcg å shc bcg{hnw# Nd sb{ùdbncbmbcw nch{mî gb sbs g{hnws gb {boh{s `ncsn pb gbs gîd`ns {bpns uh{dbs bqb{ob{#

@nod 056Whw lfbmbcw {bcg å d„îf`{g g„c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b sb{` nmmîgn`wb-mbcw uh{wî å d` ohcc`nss`cob gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ shs h{mb g„cbohmmcno`wnhc shmm`n{b$ ncgnp`cw îf`dbmbcw sn db u{nshccnb{ ` db g{hnwgb {boh{n{ bc ùubd$ bc o`ss`wnhc h bc {îznsnhc# Obwwb ohmmcno`wnhc sb{``nwb `ssn å d„ahmmb gb ohc`cob ncwî{bssî# Bddb sb{` `nwb îf`dbmbcw ` u{n-shccnb{ gb fb{{b bw g`cs cb d`cfb p„nd ohmu{bccb$ sn db lfbmbcw c„ù`s îwî u{hchcoî bc s` u{îsbcob# Gb uds$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob ohmmcn-pb{` nmmîgn`wbmbcw å d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob d` gîonsnhc g u{nshccnb{ gbfb{{b g„sb{ h chc gb sbs g{hnws gb {boh{s#

Bc hw{b$ bc o`s gb ohcg`mc`wnhc gbzbcb gîcnwnzb bw s„nd s„`fnw gb dùbncb gb mh{w$ bc o`s gb ohcg`mc`wnhc u{hchcoîb bc u{bmná{b ncsw`cob$ dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob `g{bssb{`$ `ssnw÷w pb uhssnkdb$ å d` Unss`cob u{hwbo-

w{nob$ cb ohmmcno`wnhc gîw`nddîb ohcwbc`cw <

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?. d„ncgno`wnhc$ db o`s îoaî`cw$ gb d„îw`kdnssbmbcw hþ sb{` u{fîb d` ubncb#

Dbs ohmmcno`wnhcs u{îzbs `q `dncî`s u{îoîgbcws sb{hcw `nwbs å dÙnss`cob u{hwbow{nob å d„`g{bssb p„bddb `{` `nw ohcc`ãw{b ` u{î`d`kdb å d`

Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

@nod 051Dbs ubncbs u{hchcoîbs ohcw{b dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b bc zb{w gb lfb-mbcws {îfdná{bmbcw gbzbcs bqîowhn{bs sb{hcw u{fîbs g`cs dbs mìmbsîw`kdnssbmbcws bw g`cs dbs mìmbs ohcgnwnhcs pb uh{ dbs mbmk{bs gbsh{obs `{mîbs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# Obs ohcgnwnhcs sb{hcw g`cs whs dbso`s ohch{mbs `q bqnfbcobs gb d„a~fnácb bw gb d„am`cnwî#

rcb u{nshccná{b gb fb{{b ohcw{b d`pbddb cb wbddb ubncb `{` îwî u{hchcoîbsb{` udòîb g`cs gbs dho`q sîu`{îs bw sb{` shmnsb å d` s{zbndd`cob gb bmmbs#

Bc whw o`s$ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ohcg`mcîs å cb ubncb u{nz`wnzb gbdnkb{wî {bswb{hcw ` kîcîob gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gbs `{wnodbs 61 bw 0;: gb d` u{î-sbcwb Ohczbcwnhc# Bc hw{b$ nds sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å {bobzhn{ bw å bquîgnb{ gbd` oh{{bsuhcg`cob$ å {bobzhn{ ` mhncs c ohdns gb sboh{s u`{ mhns bw åu{bcg{b {îfdná{bmbcw gb d„bqb{onob bc udbnc `n{ 9 nds {bobz{hcw dbs shncs mî-gno`q cîobssnwîs u`{ db{ îw`w gb s`cwî `ncsn pb d„`ngb sun{nwbddb p„nds

uh{{`nbcw gîsn{b{# Dbs ucnwnhcs pn gbz{`nbcw db{ ìw{b ncjnfîbs sb{hcwohch{mbs `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d „ {wnodb 16$ w{hnsnámb `dncî`#

WNW[B NZJGD``Z

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uw{nbmbcwgn{bowbwhsunwdnswnhcbcuscbrw{b@nod 05>

Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw sb{hcw wbcbs$ shs {îsb{zb g w{hnsnámb `dncî` g u{î-sbcw `{wnodb$ gb {bczh~b{ g`cs db{ u`~s$ s`cs îf`{g ` chmk{b cn ` f{`gbbw ù{ás dbs `zhn{ mns bc îw`w g„ìw{b w{`csuh{wîs$ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{bf{`cgs m`d`gbs bw f{`cgs kdbssîs$ ohch{mîmbcw ` u{bmnb{ `dncî` gb d„`{-wnodb snz`cw#

Ubcg`cw d` g{îb gbs ahswndnwîs$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s„bh{ob{hcw$ `zbo dbohcoh{s gbs Unss`cobs cbw{bs ncwî{bssîbs$ g„h{f`cnsb{ d„ahsunw`dns`wnhc bcu`~s cbw{b gbs u{nshccnb{s kdbssîs h m`d`gbs znsîs u`{ db gbqnámb `dncî`gb d „ {wnodb snz`cw 9 bddbs uh{{hcw$ bc hw{b$ ohcod{b gbs òoh{gs bc zbg {ù`w{nbmbcw gn{bow h gb d„ncwb{cbmbcw bc u`~s cbw{b gbs u{nshccnb{s z`dngbs `~`cw skn cb dhcfb oùwnznwî#

Fîcî{`dnwîs



0?5 ?b OhczBcwnhc

oc u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b kdbssî h m`d`gb u{îz uh{ db {ù`w{nbmbcw`q wb{mbs g u{bmnb{ `dncî` g u{îsbcw `{wnodb cb uh{{` ìw{b {ù`w{nîohcw{b s` zhdhcwî ubcg`cw dbs ahswndnwîs#

@nod 005_b{hcw {ù`w{nîs gn{bowbmbcw <

0. dbs kdbssîs bw dbs m`d`gbs nco{`kdbs$ ghcw d„ùwnwgb ncwbddbowbddb hua~snpb u`{`ãw zhn{ skn cb gnmncwnhc ohcsngî{`kdb 9

;. dbs kdbssîs bw dbs m`d`gbs pn$ g„ù{ás dbs u{îznsnhcs mîgno`dbs$ cb shcwu`s ssobuwnkdbs gb fî{nshc g`cs d„bsuòb g„cb `ccîb$ ghcw d„îw`w bqnfbc w{`nwbmbcw bw ghcw d„ùwnwgb ncwbddbowbddb h ua~snpb u`{`ãw `zhn{skn cb gnmncwnhc ohcsngî{`kdb 9

?. dbs kdbssîs bw dbs m`d`gbs fî{ns ghcw d„ùwnwgb ncwbddbowbddb h ua~-snpb u`{`ãw `zhn{ skn cb gnmncwnhc ohcsngî{`kdb bw ub{m`cbcwb#

Uh{{hcw ìw{b ahsunw`dnsîs bc u`~s cbw{b <

0. dbs kdbssîs bw dbs m`d`gbs ghcw d` fî{nshc ubw ìw{b bczns`fîb g`cs d„`c-cîb pn snw d` g`wb gb d` kdbss{b h db gîkw gb d` m`d`gnb$ sn c w{`n-

wbmbcw bc u`~s cbw{b d`nssb u{îzhn{ cb fî{nshc uds ob{w`ncb bw uds{ùngb 9

;. dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ghcw d` s`cwî ncwbddbowbddb h ua~snpb bsw$sbdhc dbs u{îznsnhcs mîgno`dbs$ mbcòîb sî{nbsbmbcw u`{ db m`ncwnbcbc oùwnznwî$ m`ns p„cb ahsunw`dns`wnhc bc u`~s cbw{b uh{{`nw shs-w{`n{b å obwwb mbcòb#

Dbs ohcgnwnhcs pb gbz{hcw {bmudn{ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ahsunw`dnsîs bc

u`~s cbw{b uh{ ìw{b {ù`w{nîs sb{hcw qîbs$ gb mìmb pb db{ sw`ww$ u`{ ò-oh{g bcw{b dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbs# Bc fîcî{`d$ sb{hcw {ù`w{nîs dbs u{nshc-cnb{s gb fb{{b ahsunw`dnsîs bc u`~s cbw{b$ pn ùu`{wnbccbcw `q o`wîfh{nbssnz`cwbs <

0. obq ghcw d„îw`w gb s`cwî s„bsw `ff{`zî gb m`cná{b å {bmudn{ dbs ohcgn-wnhcs g {ù`w{nbmbcw gn{bow 9

;. obq ghcw d„ùwnwgb ncwbddbowbddb h ua~snpb gbmb{b$ ù{ás w{`nwb-mbcw$ ohcsngî{`kdbmbcw gnmncîb#

gî`w g„òoh{gs suîon`q u`ssîs bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ncwî{bssîbs bc zb gb gîwb{mncb{ dbs o`s g„ncz`dngnwî h gb m`d`gnb bcw{`ãc`cw db {ù`w{nb-mbcw gn{bow h d„ahsunw`dns`wnhc bc u`~s cbw{b$ obs o`s sb{hcw qîs ohch{mî-mbcw `q u{nconubs ohcwbcs g`cs d„òoh{g-w~ub ohcob{c`cw db {ù`w{nbmbcw

O`s gb

{ù`w{nbmbcw

hr g„ahsunw`-

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DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> 0?0

Ohmmnssnhcs

mîgno`dbsmnqwbs

Ncwb{cbmbcw

bc u`~s

cbrw{b

gn{bow bw d„ahsunw`dns`wnhc bc u`~s cbw{b gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b kdbssîs bwm`d`gbs bw g`cs db {áfdbmbcw ohcob{c`cw dbs Ohmmnssnhcs mîgno`dbs mnqwbs`ccbqîs å d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

@nod 000D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ d` Unss`cob ghcw gîubcgbcw dbs u{nshccnb{s gbfb{{b bw cb Unss`cob cbw{b `f{îîb u`{ obs gbq Unss`cobs s„bh{ob{hcw gbohcod{b gbs òoh{gs pn ub{mbww{hcw d„ncwb{cbmbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{bs{ db wb{{nwhn{b gb d`gnwb Unss`cob cbw{b lsp„å d` obss`wnhc gbs ahswndnwîs#

@nod 00;Gás db gîkw g ohcjnw$ gbs Ohmmnssnhcs mîgno`dbs mnqwbs sb{hcw gîsnfcîbs

bc zb g„bq`mncb{ dbs u{nshccnb{s m`d`gbs bw kdbssîs$ bw gb u{bcg{b whwbsgîonsnhcs wndbs å db{ îf`{g# D` gîsnfc`wnhc$ dbs gbzhn{s bw db hcownhccbmbcwgb obs Ohmmnssnhcs sb{hcw ohch{mbs `q gnsuhsnwnhcs g {áfdbmbcw `c-cbqî å d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

Obubcg`cw$ dbs u{nshccnb{s pn$ gb d„`zns gbs `wh{nwîs mîgno`dbs gb dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ shcw m`cnbswbmbcw gb f{`cgs kdbssîs h gb f{`cgsm`d`gbs$ uh{{hcw ìw{b {ù`w{nîs s`cs gbzhn{ ìw{b bq`mncîs u`{ cbOhmmnssnhc mîgno`db mnqwb#

@nod 00?Hw{b obq pn `{hcw îwî gîsnfcîs u`{ dbs `wh{nwîs mîgno`dbs gb d` Uns-s`cob gîwbcw{nob$ dbs u{nshccnb{s kdbssîs h m`d`gbs ùu`{wbc`cw `q o`wî-fh{nbs îcmî{îbs on-ù{ás `{hcw d` òdwî gb sb u{îsbcwb{ å d„bq`mbc gbsOhmmnssnhcs mîgno`dbs mnqwbs u{îzbs å d„`{wnodb u{îoîgbcw <

0. dbs kdbssîs bw dbs m`d`gbs u{huhsîs u`{ c mîgbonc ohmu`w{nhwb h {bs-sh{wnss`cw g„cb Unss`cob u`{wnb ` ohcjnw `ddnîb å d` Unss`cob ghcw nds

gîubcgbcw$ bqb{æ`cw sbs hcownhcs g`cs db o`mu 9;. dbs kdbssîs bw dbs m`d`gbs u{huhsîs u`{ db{ ahmmb gb ohc`cob 9

?. dbs kdbssîs bw dbs m`d`gbs pn hcw îwî u{huhsîs u`{ d` Unss`cob ghcw ndsgîubcgbcw h u`{ c h{f`cnsmb {bohcc u`{ obwwb Unss`cob$ pn znbc-g{`nw bc `ngb `q u{nshccnb{s#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn c„ uu`{wnbccbcw u`s å d„cb gbs w{hns o`wîfh{nbson-gbsss uh{{hcw cî`cmhncs sb u{îsbcwb{ å d„bq`mbc gbs Ohmmnssnhcs mî-

gno`dbs mnqwbs$ m`ns cb sb{hcw bq`mncîs p„ù{ás obq gbsgnwbs o`wîfh{nbs#Db mîgbonc ohmu`w{nhwb gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b shmns å d„bq`mbc gb dÒhmmnssnhc mîgno`db mnqwb bw db{ ahmmb gb ohc`cob sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å`ssnswb{ å obw bq`mbc#

U{nshccnb{s

shrmns å

d„bq`mbc gbs

Ohmmnssnhcs

mîgno`dbs

mnqwbs



0?; ?b OhczBcwnhc

@nod 007Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b znownmbs g„òongbcws$ å d„bqobuwnhc gbs kdbssîs zh-dhcw`n{bs$ sb{hcw mns$ bc ob pn ohcob{cb db {ù`w{nbmbcw h îzbcwbddbmbcw

d„ahsunw`dns`wnhc bc u`~s cbw{b$ ` kîcîob gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc#

@nod 002oc u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b {ùuî g„cb ubncb gnsonudnc`n{b$ pn sb w{hzb{`nwg`cs dbs ohcgnwnhcs u{îzbs uh{ db {ù`w{nbmbcw h d„ahsunw`dns`wnhc g`cs cu`~s cbw{b$ cb uh{{` ìw{b {bwbc uh{ d` {`nshc p„nd c„` u`s skn s` ubncb#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b uh{snzns h ohcg`mcîs lgnon`n{bmbcw$ pn sb-

{`nbcw u{îzs uh{ db {ù`w{nbmbcw h d„ahsunw`dns`wnhc bc u`~s cbw{b$ uh{-{hcw kîcîonb{ gb obs mbs{bs `z`cw d` c gb d` u{hoîg{b h gb d„bqîownhcgb d` ubncb$ sn d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob ~ ohcsbcw#

Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw sb ohmmcnpb{hcw dbs chms gb obq pn sb{hcw {bwb-cs lsp„å d` c gb d` u{hoîg{b h gb d„bqîownhc gb d` ubncb#

@nod 00:Dbs {`ns gb {ù`w{nbmbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b h gb db{ w{`csuh{w g`cs

c u`~s cbw{b sb{hcw å d` oa`{fb gb d` Unss`cob ghcw gîubcgbcw obs u{nshc-cnb{s$ å u`{wn{ gb d` {hcwná{b gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

@nod 006oc {ù`w{nî cb uh{{` ìw{b bmudh~î å c sb{znob mndnw`n{b òwn#

_BOWNHC NN

Dnkî{wnhcbw{uw{nbmbcwgbsu{nshccnb{sgbfrb{{bådncgbshswndnwîs

@nod 001Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw dnkî{îs bw {ù`w{nîs s`cs gîd`n ù{ás d` c gbsahswndnwîs òwnzbs#

Bc d„`ksbcob gb gnsuhsnwnhcs å obw bbw g`cs cb ohczbcwnhc u`ssîb bcw{b dbsU`{wnbs ` ohcjnw uh{ mbww{b c `q ahswndnwîs$ h å gî`w g„cb wbddb ohczbc-

wnhc$ oaòcb gbs Unss`cobs gîwbcw{nobs îw`kdn{` bddb-mìmb bw bqîowb{` s`csgîd`n c ud`c gb {ù`w{nbmbcw ohch{mb u{nconub îchcoî å d„`dncî` u{îoîgbcw#

G`cs d„c bw d„`w{b o`s$ dbs mbs{bs `ghuwîbs sb{hcw uh{wîbs å d` ohcc`ns-s`cob gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

Dbs {`ns gb {ù`w{nbmbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw bc whw o`s {îu`{-wns g„cb m`cná{b îpnw`kdb bcw{b d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bw d` Unss`cob ghcw

Dnkî{`wnhc bw

{ù`w{nbmbcw

@ownznwî u{ás

db {ù`w{nb-

mbcw

J{`ns gb

{ù`w{nbmbcw

U{nshccnb{s

znownmbs

g„òongbcws

U{nshccnb{s

srknss`cw

rcb ubncb



DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> 0??

Mhg`dnwîs

gnzb{sbs

gîubcgbcw dbs u{nshccnb{s# obw bbw$ dbs u{nconubs snz`cws sb{hcw hksb{zîsg`cs obwwb {îu`{wnwnhc <

`. dh{spb obs gbq Unss`cobs shcw dnmnw{huabs$ d` Unss`cob ghcw gî-

ubcgbcw dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ssmb{` dbs {`ns gb db{ {ù`w{nb-mbcw å u`{wn{ gb d` {hcwná{b gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob 9

k. dh{spb obs gbq Unss`cobs cb shcw u`s dnmnw{huabs$ d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob `ssmb{` dbs {`ns gb w{`csuh{w gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{bs{ shc wb{{nwhn{b lsp„å s` {hcwná{b h å shc uh{w g„bmk`{pbmbcwdb uds u{hoab gb d` Unss`cob ghcw nds gîubcgbcw# P`cw ` {bswb gbs{`ns bcw{`ãcîs u`{ db {ù`w{nbmbcw$ dbs U`{wnbs ncwî{bssîbs sb mbww{hcwg„òoh{g uh{ dbs {îu`{wn{ îpnw`kdbmbcw bcw{b bddbs# D` ohcodsnhcg„c wbd òoh{g cb uh{{` bc òc o`s lswnb{ db mhncg{b gîd`n g`csdb {ù`w{nbmbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

@nod 00>Dbs {ù`w{nbmbcws sb{hcw bbowîs g`cs gbs ohcgnwnhcs c`dhfbs å obddbs pnshcw u{îzbs u`{ dbs `{wnodbs 7: å 71 ncods gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc uh{ dbw{`csb{w gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b bw bc wbc`cw ohmuwb gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gbd„`{wnodb 001 `ncsn pb gb obddbs pn snzbcw#

Dh{s g {ù`w{nbmbcw$ dbs hklbws gb z`db{ {bwn{îs `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ohch{mîmbcw `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`{wnodb 01$ bw dbs shmmbs bc mhcc`nbîw{`cfá{b pn c„`{`nbcw u`s îwî ohczb{wnbs g`cs d` mhcc`nb gb d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob db{ sb{hcw {bswnwîs# Dbs hklbws gb z`db{ bw dbs shmmbs bc mhc-c`nb îw{`cfá{b pn$ uh{ pbdpb {`nshc pb ob shnw$ c„`{`nbcw u`s îwî {bs-wnwîs `q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b dh{s gb db{ {ù`w{nbmbcw$ sb{hcw {bmns `K{b` gb {bcsbnfcbmbcws u{îz u`{ d„`{wnodb 0;;#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw wh{nsîs å bmuh{wb{ db{s bbws ub{shccbds$db{ oh{{bsuhcg`cob bw dbs ohdns `{{nzîs å db{ `g{bssb 9 db uhngs gb obs bbws

uh{{` ìw{b dnmnwî$ sn dbs on{ohcsw`cobs g {ù`w{nbmbcw d„bqnfbcw$ å ob pb dbu{nshccnb{ ubw {`nshcc`kdbmbcw uh{wb{ 9 bc whw o`s$ oa`pb u{nshccnb{ sb{``wh{nsî å bmuh{wb{ ` mhncs zncfw-oncp indhs#

Dbs `w{bs bbws ub{shccbds g u{nshccnb{ {ù`w{nî sb{hcw f`{gîs u`{ dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob 9 obddb-on dbs dn b{` u`{zbcn{ gás p„bddb `{` ohcod`zbo d` Unss`cob ghcw gîubcg db u{nshccnb{ c òoh{g q`cw dbs mhg`dnwîsgb db{ w{`csuh{w bw db u`nbmbcw gbs {`ns p„nd hoo`snhccb{`#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn sb{`nbcw shs db ohu g„cb uh{snwb uîc`dbuh{ c o{nmb h c gîdnw gb g{hnw uîc`d uh{{hcw ìw{b {bwbcs lsp„å d` cgb d` u{hoîg{b bw$ db o`s îoaî`cw$ lsp„å d„bqun{`wnhc gb d` ubncb# Nd bc sb{`gb mìmb gb obq pn shcw ohcg`mcîs uh{ c o{nmb h gîdnw gb g{hnw uîc`d#

Dbs U`{wnbs ohcjnw sb ohmmcnpb{hcw dbs chms gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{bpn sb{hcw {bwbcs lsp„å d` c gb d` u{hoîg{b h gb d„bqîownhc gb d` ubncb#



0?7 ?b OhczBcwnhc

Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s„bcwbcg{hcw uh{ ncswnwb{ gbs ohmmnssnhcs bc zbgb {boab{oab{ dbs u{nshccnb{s gnsub{sîs bw g„`ss{b{ db{ {ù`w{nbmbcw g`csdb uds k{b gîd`n#

_BOWNHC NNNGîosgbsu{nshccnb{sgbfrb{{b

@nod 0;5Dbs wbsw`mbcws gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b sb{hcw îw`kdns gb m`cná{b å s`wns-`n{b `q ohcgnwnhcs gb z`dngnwî {bpnsbs u`{ d` dîfnsd`wnhc gb db{ u`~s g„h{n-

fncb$ pn u{bcg{` dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ uh{wb{ obs ohcgnwnhcs å dòhcc`nss`cob gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# d` gbm`cgb g u{nshccnb{ gbfb{{b bw bc whw o`s ù{ás s` mh{w$ db wbsw`mbcw sb{` w{`csmns s`cs gîd`n å dÙnss`cob u{hwbow{nob bw cb ohunb ob{wnîb ohch{mb sb{` {bmnsb å d„fbcobobcw{`db gb {bcsbnfcbmbcws#

Dbs ob{wno`ws gb gîoás$ ohch{mbs ` mhgádb `ccbqî å d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc$ h gbs dnswbs$ ob{wnîbs ohch{mbs u`{ c honb{ {bsuhcs`kdb$gb whs dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b mh{ws bc oùwnznwî$ sb{hcw `g{bssîs g`cs

db uds k{b gîd`n ` K{b` gb {bcsbnfcbmbcws gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{bncswnwî ohch{mîmbcw å d„`{wnodb 0;;# Dbs {bcsbnfcbmbcws g„ngbcwnwî ghcw d`dnswb bsw ghccîb ` w{hnsnámb `dncî` gb d„`{wnodb 06$ db dnb bw d` g`wb g gîoás$d` o`sb g gîoás$ db dnb bw d` g`wb gb d„ncam`wnhc `ncsn pb whs dbs {bc-sbnfcbmbcws cîobss`n{bs uh{ ngbcwnb{ dbs whmkbs gbz{hcw f{b{ g`cs obsob{wno`ws h g`cs obs dnswbs#

D„bcwb{{bmbcw h d„nconcî{`wnhc gbz{` ìw{b u{îoîgî g„c bq`mbc mîgno`d goh{us `c gb ohcsw`wb{ db gîoás$ gb ub{mbww{b d` {îgòwnhc g„c {ùuh{w bw$s„nd ~ ` dnb$ g„îw`kdn{ d„ ngbcwnwî g gîoîgî#

Dbs wh{nwîs gîwbcw{nobs zbnddb{hcw å ob pb dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gîoîgîsbc oùwnznwî shnbcw bcwb{{îs ahch{`kdbmbcw$ sn uhssnkdb sbdhc dbs {nwbs gb d`{bdnfnhc å d`pbddb nds ùu`{wbc`nbcw$ bw pb db{s whmkbs shnbcw {bsubowîbs$ohczbc`kdbmbcw bcw{bwbcbs bw m`{pîbs gb `æhc å uhzhn{ whlh{s ìw{b{bw{hzîbs# Oa`pb hns pb obd` sb{` uhssnkdb$ dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gîoî-gîs pn gîubcg`nbcw gb d` mìmb Unss`cob sb{hcw bcwb{{îs ` mìmb bcg{hnw#

Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b gîoîgîs sb{hcw bcwb{{îs ncgnzngbddbmbcw$ s` o`s

gb h{ob m`lb{b pn nmuhsb{`nw cb whmkb ohddbownzb# Dbs oh{us cb uh{{hcwìw{b nconcî{îs pb sn g„nmuî{nbsbs {`nshcs g„a~fnácb h d` {bdnfnhc g gî-oîgî d„bqnfbcw h bcoh{b s„nd bc ` bqu{nmî db gîsn{# Bc o`s g„nconcî{`wnhc$ nd bcsb{` `nw mbcwnhc `zbo ncgno`wnhc gbs mhwns s{ d„òwb gb gîoás#

c pb dbs whmkbs unssbcw whlh{s ìw{b {bw{hzîbs$ whs dbs {bcsbnfcb-mbcws {bd`wns q ncam`wnhcs bw q whmkbs gbz{hcw ìw{b bc{bfnsw{îs u`{ c

Wbsw`mbcws$

òwbs

gb gîoás$ncarm`wnhc$

nconcî{`wnhc




U{nshccnb{s

wrîs hr kdbs-

sîs g`cs gbs

ohcgnwnhcs

suîon`dbs

_b{znob gbs whmkbs o{îî u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# Dbs dnswbs gbs whmkbs bw dbs{bcsbnfcbmbcws {bd`wns q u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ncamîs g`cs dbs onmbwná{bsh nddb{s sb{hcw w{`csmns å d` Unss`cob ghcw gîubcg`nbcw obs u{nshccnb{s gb

fb{{b# Nd ncohmkb{` å d` Unss`cob ohcw{÷d`cw db wb{{nwhn{b$ sn bddb bsw u`{wnb åd` Ohczbcwnhc$ gb u{bcg{b shnc gb obs whmkbs bw g„bc{bfnsw{b{ whw w{`csb{wdwî{nb{ gbs oh{us# Obs gnsuhsnwnhcs s„ùudnpbcw gb mìmb `q obcg{bs pnsb{hcw ohcsb{zîbs u`{ db _b{znob gbs whmkbs lsp„å ob pb db u`~s g„h{nfncb`ssb ohcc`ãw{b dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gîcnwnzbs p„nd gîsn{b u{bcg{b å ob slbw#

@nod 0;0Whw gîoás h whwb kdbss{b f{`zb g„c u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b o`sîs h ss-ubows g „ zhn{ îwî o`sîs u`{ cb sbcwncbddb$ u`{ c `w{b u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{bh u`{ whwb `w{b ub{shccb$ `ncsn pb whw gîoás ghcw d` o`sb bsw ncohc-cb$ sb{hcw snzns nmmîgn`wbmbcw g„cb bcpìwb honbddb gb d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob#

rcb ohmmcno`wnhc å ob slbw sb{` `nwb nmmîgn`wbmbcw å d` Unss`cob u{h-wbow{nob# Dbs gîuhsnwnhcs gbs wîmhncs sb{hcw {bobnddnbs$ chw`mmbcw obddbsgbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b 9 c {ùuh{w dbs ohcwbc`cw sb{` ohmmcnpî å d`-gnwb Unss`cob#

_n d„bcpìwb îw`kdnw d` odu`kndnwî g„cb h gb udsnb{s ub{shccbs$ dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob u{bcg{` whwbs mbs{bs uh{ d` uh{snwb lgnon`n{b gh gbs {bsuhcs`kdbs#

WNW[B ZK`G_F___G__`D___GF

@nod 0;;Gás db gîkw g„c ohcjnw bw g`cs whs dbs o`s g„hoou`wnhc$ oaòcb gbs U`{-wnbs ` ohcjnw ohcswnwb{` c K{b` honbd gb {bcsbnfcbmbcws s{ dbs u{n-shccnb{s gb fb{{b sb w{hz`cw bc shc uhzhn{ 9 dbs Unss`cobs cbw{bs h chckbddnfî{`cwbs pn `{hcw {bæ s{ db{ wb{{nwhn{b gbs ub{shccbs ùu`{wbc`cwå d„cb gbs o`wîfh{nbs znsîbs å d„`{wnodb 7 `fn{hcw gb mìmb å d„îf`{g gb obsub{shccbs# D` Unss`cob ncwî{bssîb zbnddb{` å ob pb db K{b` gb {bcsbnfcb-mbcws gnsuhsb gbs dho`q$ g m`wî{nbd bw g ub{shccbd cîobss`n{bs uh{ p„nd

unssb hcownhccb{ gb m`cná{b boòb# Bddb sb{` dnk{b g„~ bmudh~b{ gbs u{n-shccnb{s gb fb{{b bc {bsubow`cw dbs ohcgnwnhcs swnudîbs å d` _bownhc gb dù{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc ohcob{c`cw db w{`z`nd gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b#

G`cs db uds k{b gîd`n uhssnkdb$ oaòcb gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ghccb{` åshc K{b` dbs nch{m`wnhcs ghcw nd bsw `nw îw`w `q p`w{námb$ oncpnámb

Kr{b`rq

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0?: ?b OhczBcwnhc

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unbg h gb whs dbs h{wbnds bw gbs mîw`w`{snbcs g„c unbg#

k. ci~dhsb$ ub{wb gb wnss hssbq$ {îw{îonssbmbcw ono`w{nonbd `khdnss`cw d` hcownhc g„cbgbs f{`cgbs `{wnod`wnhcs h gb whwbs dbs `{wnod`wnhcs gnfnw`dbs g„cb m`nc#

o. Usbg`{wa{hsb gbs hs dhcfs#g. Gnh{mnwîs {îsdw`cw gb {òw{bs h `w{b òongbcw bw ohmuh{w`cw c sî{nbq `mhnc-

g{nssbmbcw gb d„òwnznwî bw gb d„ùwnwgb å uh{wb{ gbs uhngs#

;. Whs dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b kdbssîs ghcw d„îw`w bsw gbzbc oa{hcnpb ` uhncw pb dbu{hchswno sbmkdb bqod{b$ m`df{î dbs w{`nwbmbcws$ db {îw`kdnssbmbcw g`cs d„`ccîb pn snwd` g`wb gb d` kdbss{b$ ohmmb u`{ bqbmudb bc o`s gb <

`. U{hlbowndb g`cs db ohb{$ mìmb sn d` Ohmmnssnhc mîgno`db mnqwb$ dh{s gb shc bq`mbc$c„ u ohcsw`wb{ gb w{hkdbs f{`zbs#

k. od`w mîw`ddnpb g`cs db ob{zb` h g`cs dbs uhmhcs$ mìmb sn d` Ohmmnssnhc mî-gno`db mnqwb$ dh{s gb shc bq`mbc$ cb ubw ohcsw`wb{ gb {îòwnhc dho`db h fîcî{`db#

o. Hswîhm~îdnwb ghcw d` fî{nshc bsw nmu{îznsnkdb ` oh{s gb d„`ccîb pn snw d` kdbss{bbw pn sbmkdb gbzhn{ `khwn{ å d„`ci~dhsb g„cb `{wnod`wnhc h å g„`w{bs `dwî{`wnhcsîpnz`d`cw å d` ub{wb g„cb m`nc h g„c unbg#

g. Kdbss{b uîcîw{`cwb bw suu{`cwb gbs f{`cgbs `{wnod`wnhcs#

b. Kdbss{b g o{ëcb `zbo ub{wb h gîudòbmbcw gb wnss hssbq# . Kdbss{b h k{d{b gb d` òb `zbo ub{wb gb wnss bw dîsnhcs hcownhccbddbs# f. Kdbss{b gb d` mhbddb îuncná{b#a. Dîsnhc gbs cb{s uî{nuaî{npbs ghcw dbs sîpbddbs îpnz`dbcw å d` ub{wb g„cb m`nc h

g„c unbg bw ghcw d` fî{nshc gbm`cgb uds g„cb ccîb u{ás d` kdbss{b$ u`{ bqbmudb <kdbss{b g udbqs k{òan`d h dhmkhsò{î$ gbs cb{s mîgn`c h son`wnpb$ `ncsn pb d`



077 ?b OhczBcwnhc

kdbss{b ohmkncîb gbs cb{s {`gn`d bw oknw`d h gbs cb{s uî{hcnb{ ohmmc bw wnkn`$bwo# D` kdbss{b nshdîb gbs cb{s {`gn`d$ oknw`d$ uî{hcnb{ h wnkn`d cb lswnb u`s db {ù`-w{nbmbcw$ s` bc o`s gb ohcw{òw{bs h gb w{hkdbs cb{hw{huanpbs sî{nbq#

n. Kdbss{b gb d„ùu`{bnd {nc`n{b ohmu{hmbww`cw sî{nbsbmbcw shc hcownhccbmbcw#?. Whs dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b m`d`gbs ghcw d„îw`w bsw gbzbc oa{hcnpb ` uhncw pb db

u{hchswno sbmkdb bqod{b$ m`df{î dbs w{`nwbmbcws$ db {îw`kdnssbmbcw g`cs d„ ccîb pn snwdb gîkw gb d` m`d`gnb$ ohmmb u`{ bqbmudb bc o`s gb <`. Wkb{odhsb îzhdwnzb$ gb pbdpb h{f`cb pb ob shnw$ pn cb ubw uds$ sbdhc dbs u{h-

chswnos mîgno`q$ ìw{b fî{nb h ` mhncs sî{nbsbmbcw `mîdnh{îb u`{ c w{`nwbmbcwbc u`~s cbw{b#

k. D` udb{îsnb bqsg`wnzb#

o. Dbs m`d`gnbs f{`zbs gbs h{f`cbs {bsun{`whn{bs$ g„îwnhdhfnb chc wkb{odbsb$ u{îs-mîbs nco{`kdbs$ u`{ bqbmudb < bmua~sámb udmhc`n{b f{`zb !`zbo h s`cs k{hc-oanwb. 9 `swamb oa{hcnpb, 9 k{hcoanwb oa{hcnpb sb u{hdhcfb`cw ubcg`cw uds g„cb`ccîb bc oùwnznwî 9 k{hcoabow`snb, 9 bwo#

g. Dbs `bownhcs oa{hcnpbs f{`zbs gb d` on{od`wnhc$ u`{ bqbmudb < `bownhcs z`dzd`n{bsbw g m~ho`{gb `~`cw m`cnbswî gbs snfcbs gb gîohmubcs`wnhc g{`cw d` oùwnznwî$mìmb sn d` Ohmmnssnhc mîgno`db mnqwb$ dh{s gb shc bq`mbc$ cb ubw ohcsw`wb{ òcgb obs snfcbs 9 bownhcs g uî{no`{gb bw gbs z`nssb`q !m`d`gnb gb Kb{fb{$ cîz{nsmbgbs f{`cgs z`nssb`q. 9 bwo#

b. Dbs `bownhcs oa{hcnpbs f{`zbs gbs h{f`cbs gnfbswns u`{ bqbmudb < doá{b gb d„bswh-mò h g ghgîcm 9 snwb g„ncwb{zbcwnhc oan{{fno`db s{ d„bswhmò `nwb bc où-wnznwî 9 f`sw{nwb$ bcwî{nwb h ohdnpb oa{hcnpbs g{`cw uds g„cb `ccîb bw `bow`cwf{`zbmbcw d„îw`w fîcî{`d 9 on{{ahsb aîu`wnpb 9 oahdîo~swhu`wanb oa{hcnpb 9 bwo#

. Dbs `bownhcs oa{hcnpbs f{`zbs gbs h{f`cbs fîcnwh-{nc`n{bs$ u`{ bqbmudb < m`d`gnbsoa{hcnpbs g {bnc `zbo w{hkdbs ohcsîowns 9 cîua{bowhmnb uh{ c {bnc wkb{o-dbq 9 u~îdnwb oa{hcnpb h o~swnwb oa{hcnpb 9 a~g{h h u~hcîua{hsb 9 bownhcs f~cî-ohdhfnpbs oa{hcnpbs f{`zbs 9 f{hssbssbs bw `bownhcs hkswîw{no`dbs$ dh{spb d„ahsun-

w`dns`wnhc bc u`~s cbw{b bsw nmuhssnkdb 9 bwo# f. Dbs m`d`gnbs oa{hcnpbs f{`zbs g s~swámb cb{zbq obcw{`d bw uî{nuaî{npb$ u`{

bqbmudb whwbs dbs us~oahsbs bw us~oahcîz{hsbs m`cnbswbs$ wbddbs pb a~swî{nb f{`zb$sî{nbsb us~oahcîz{hsb gb oùwnznwî$ bwo#$ gmbcw ohcsw`wîbs u`{ c suîon`dnswb 9 whwbîundbusnb gmbcw ohcsw`wîb u`{ db mîgbonc g o`mu, 9 `{wî{nhsodî{hsb oî{îk{`db 9 cî- z{nwb oa{hcnpb g{`cw uds g„cb `ccîb 9 bwo#

a. Dbs m`d`gnbs oa{hcnpbs f{`zbs g s~swámb cb{hzîfîw`wn `zbo gnmncwnhc ohcsngî-{`kdb gb d„ùwnwgb ncwbddbowbddb h oh{uh{bddb$ ub{wb ùu{îon`kdb gb uhngs bw `swaîcnb

fîcî{`db#n. D` oîonwî gbs gbq ~bq h obddb g„c şnd dh{spb d` zb gb d„`w{b şnd bsw mhncs gb 0$m`df{î d„bmudhn gb zb{{bs oh{{bowb{s 9 d` gnmncwnhc gb d„ onwî znsbddb cb uhz`cw

, D` gîonsnhc gb d` Ohmmnssnhc mîgno`db mnqwb sb hcgb{` bc khccb u`{wnb s{ dbs hksb{z`wnhcs gbs mîgboncs gbo`mu bw gbs mîgboncs ohmu`w{nhwbs gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b h s{ d „bq`mbc gb mîgboncs suîon`dnswbs ùu`{-wbc`cw å d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#




ìw{b oh{{nfîb å 0(; uh{ c şnd ` mhncs, 9 dbs `w{bs `bownhcs hod`n{bs f{`zbs$ u`{bqbmudb < fdòhmb 9 n{nwns 9 oadh{hègnwb 9 w{òahmb 9 bwo#

i. Dbs w{hkdbs gb d„`gnwnhc wbds pb s{gnwî ohmudáwb cnd`wî{`db$ sn d„`w{b h{bnddb cb

ub{æhnw uds d` u`{hdb h{gnc`n{b å c máw{b gb gnsw`cob, 9 bwo#d. Dbs m`d`gnbs f{`zbs g mîw`khdnsmb$ u`{ bqbmudb < gn`káwb so{î cîobssnw`cw c w{`n-

wbmbcw å d„ncsdncb 9 bwo#m. Dbs w{hkdbs f{`zbs gbs fd`cgbs å sîo{îwnhc ncwb{cb$ u`{ bqbmudb < wa~{îhwhqnohsb 9 a~-

uhwa~{îhsb 9 m`d`gnb g„ggnshc 9 oòabqnb gb _nmmhcgs 9 wîw`cnb 9 bwo#c. Dbs m`d`gnbs f{`zbs bw oa{hcnpbs g s~swámb aîm`whuhèîwnpb#h. Dbs ncwhqno wnhcs oa{hcnpbs f{`zbs$ u`{ bqbmudb < s`w{cnsmb$ a~g{`f~{nsmb 9 mh{-

uancnsmb$ oho`ècnsmb$ dohhdnsmb 9 ncwhqno`wnhcs u`{ dbs f`| bw u`{ dbs {`gn`wnhcs 9 bwo# u. Dbs `bownhcs oa{hcnpbs gbs h{f`cbs dhohmhwb{s `zbo w{hkdbs hcownhccbds m`-

cnbswbs$ u`{ bqbmudb < `{wa{hsbs gîh{m`cwbs 9 uhd~`{wa{nwb oa{hcnpb îzhdwnzb u{n-m`n{b bw sbohcg`n{b 9 {am`wnsmb `zbo m`cnbsw`wnhcs odncnpbs f{`zbs < bwo#

p. Dbs `bownhcs ow`cîbs oa{hcnpbs bw f{`zbs$ {bkbddbs ` w{`nwbmbcw#{. Whw cîhud`smb m`dnc#s. Dbs m`d`gnbs ncbownbsbs oa{hcnpbs f{`zbs ub{snsw`cw cb `ccîb ù{ás db gîkw$ u`{

bqbmudb < u`dgnsmb `zbo `dwî{`wnhcs h{f`cnpbs u{hchcoîbs 9 g~sbcwb{nb `mnknbccbh kòndd`n{b `zbo w{hkdbs ohcsngî{`kdbs 9 s~uandns znsoî{`db wb{wn`n{b$ {îsnsw`cw ` w{`n-wbmbcw 9 dáu{b 9 bwo#

w. Dbs `znw`mnchsbs f{`zbs h d„nc`cnwnhc f{`zb#

K# Ahsuw`s`whc bc u`~s cbrw{b_b{hcw u{îsbcwîs bc zb gb d„ahsunw`dns`wnhc bc u`~s cbw{b <

0. Whs dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b kdbssîs pn cb shcw u`s ssobuwnkdbs gb fî{n{ bc oùwnznwî$m`ns pn uh{{`nbcw ìw{b fî{ns h ghcw d„îw`w uh{{`nw ìw{b cbwwbmbcw `mîdnh{î s„ndsîw`nbcw ahsunw`dnsîs bc u`~s cbw{b#

;. Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b `wwbncws gb whwb h{mb gb wkb{odhsb pbd pb shnw d„h{f`cb`bowî$ ghcw db w{`nwbmbcw bc u`~s cbw{b `mácb{`nw z{`nsbmkd`kdbmbcw d` fî{nshc hg mhncs cb `mîdnh{`wnhc ohcsngî{`kdb$ bqobuwnhc `nwb gb d` wkb{odhsb u{nm`n{bfî{nb `z`cw d` oùwnznwî#

?. Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b `wwbncws gb whwb `bownhc lswnon`kdb g„c w{`nwbmbcw gbs h{-f`cbs {bsun{`whn{bs$ on{od`whn{bs$ gnfbswns$ cb{zbq$ sbcsh{nbds$ fîcnwh-{nc`n{bs$ ow`-cîs$ dhohmhwb{s$ bwo#$ bw ghcw obdn-on `{`nw m`cnbswbmbcw gb mbnddb{s {îsdw`ws bcu`~s cbw{b p„bc oùwnznwî#

7. Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b `~`cw skn cb cîua{bowhmnb bc oùwnznwî uh{ cb bownhc{îc`db chc wkb{odbsb$ h wwbncws g„hswîhm~îdnwb bc zhnb gb fî{nshc h d`wbcwb$ h gbgn`káwb so{î c„bqnfb`cw u`s gb w{`nwbmbcw å d„ncsdncb$ bwo#

, D` gîonsnhc gb d` Ohmmnssnhc mîgno`db mnqwb sb hcgb{` bc khccb u`{wnb s{ dbs hksb{z`wnhcs gbs mîgboncs gbo`mu bw gbs mîgboncs ohmu`w{nhwbs gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b h s{ d „bq`mbc gb mîgboncs suîon`dnswbs ùu`{-wbc`cw å d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#



07: ?b OhczBcwnhc

2. Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b `wwbncws gb cîz{hsbs bcfbcg{îbs u`{ d` fb{{b h d` oùwnznwî#

Dbs o`s gb cîz{hsb gb oùwnznwî pn cb shcw u`s fî{ns ù{ás w{hns mhns g„ahsunw`dns`wnhcbc u`~s cbw{b h pn$ ù{ás ob gîd`n$ cb shcw u`s m`cnbswbmbcw bc zhnb gb fî{nshc

gîcnwnzb$ sb{hcw {ù`w{nîs#:. Whs dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b$ `wwbncws g„ncwhqno`wnhc oa{hcnpb !dbs f`|$ dbs mîw`q$ dbs

`do`dhègbs$ bwo#.$ uh{ dbspbds dbs ub{subownzbs gb fî{nshc bc u`~s cbw{b shcw u`{wno-dná{bmbcw `zh{`kdbs#

6. Whwbs dbs u{nshccná{bs gb fb{{b bcobncwbs bw dbs u{nshccná{bs pn shcw má{bs `zbo db{sch{{nsshcs bw bc`cws bc k`s ëfb#

_b{hcw bqods gb d„ahsunw`dns`wnhc bc u`~s cbw{b <

0. Whs dbs o`s gb us~oahsbs gmbcw ohcsw`wîbs#

;. Whwbs dbs `bownhcs cb{zbsbs h{f`cnpbs h hcownhccbddbs {îuwîbs nco{`kdbs#

?. Whwbs dbs m`d`gnbs ohcw`fnbsbs g`cs d` uî{nhgb hþ bddbs shcw w{`csmnssnkdbs$ å d„bqobu-wnhc gb d` wkb{odhsb#

NN# HK_B[Z@WNHC_ FÎCÎ[@DB_

0. Dbs ohcgnwnhcs qîbs on-gbsss ghnzbcw$ g„cb m`cná{b fîcî{`db$ ìw{b ncwb{u{îwîbs bw ù-

udnpîbs g`cs c bsu{nw `ssn d`{fb pb uhssnkdb#Dbs îw`ws cîz{hwanpbs bw us~oahu`wanpbs bcfbcg{îs u`{ d` fb{{b h d` oùwnznwî$ `ncsnpb dbs o`s gb wkb{odhsb å whs dbs gbf{îs$ ghnzbcw s{whw kîcîonb{ gb obwwb d`{fb{g„bsu{nw# Dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b ~`cw skn udsnb{s kdbss{bs$ ghcw ocb$ ohcsngî-{îb nshdîmbcw$ cb lswnb db {ù`w{nbmbcw$ sb{hcw bq`mncîs g`cs db mìmb bsu{nw$ ohmuwbwbc g w{`m`wnsmb us~oanpb g ` chmk{b gbs kdbss{bs#

;. Whs dbs o`s ncohcwbsw`kdbs ghcc`cw g{hnw ` {ù`w{nbmbcw gn{bow ! muw`wnhc$ oîonwîh s{gnwî whw`db$ wkb{odhsb udmhc`n{b hzb{wb$ m`d`gnb mbcw`db$ cîhud`smb m`dnc$

bwo#. sb{hcw bq`mncîs bw {ù`w{nîs db uds w÷w uhssnkdb u`{ dbs mîgboncs g o`mu h u`{gbs ohmmnssnhcs gb mîgboncs mndnw`n{bs gîsnfcîbs u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

?. Dbs kdbss{bs bw m`d`gnbs `cwî{nb{bs å d` fb{{b$ bw pn cb sb shcw u`s `ff{`zîbs$ `ncsnpb dbs kdbss{bs gb fb{{b pn c„hcw u`s bmuìoaî d` {bu{nsb g sb{znob mndnw`n{b$ cbghccb{hcw u`s g{hnw ` {ù`w{nbmbcw gn{bow#

7. Dbs u{îsbcwbs gnsuhsnwnhcs kîcîonb{hcw g„cb ncwb{u{îw`wnhc bw g„cb ùudno`wnhc `c`-dhfbs g`cs whs dbs w`ws u`{wnbs ` ohcjnw# Dbs Unss`cobs bw `wh{nwîs ncwî{bssîbs ghc-

cb{hcw `q Ohmmnssnhcs mîgno`dbs mnqwbs whwbs dbs òndnwîs cîobss`n{bs å d„ oohmudns-sbmbcw gb db{ wëoab#

2. Dbs bqbmudbs mbcwnhccîs on-gbsss shs oan{b 0 cb {bu{îsbcwbcw pb gbs o`s w~unpbs#Obq pn cb shcw u`s bqòwbmbcw ohch{mbs å obs gnsuhsnwnhcs sb{hcw lfîs g`cs d„bsu{nwgbs swnud`wnhcs gb d„`{wnodb 005 gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bw gbs u{nconubs ohcwbcsg`cs db u{îsbcw òoh{g#




@CCBqB NNFD`D____G`D__

!zhn{ `{wnodb 00;.

@nod 0#Dbs Ohmmnssnhcs mîgno`dbs mnqwbs u{îzbs å d„`{wnodb 00; gb d` Ohczbcwnhc sb{hcw ohmuh-sîbs gb w{hns mbmk{bs$ ghcw gbq uu`{wnbcg{hcw å c u`~s cbw{b$ db w{hnsnámb îw`cw gîsnfcîu`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# rc gbs mbmk{bs cbw{bs u{îsngb{`#

@nod ;Dbs gbq mbmk{bs cbw{bs sb{hcw gîsnfcîs u`{ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb$

g„òoh{g `zbo d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ s{ d` gbm`cgb gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# Nds uh{-{hcw ìw{b ncgnî{bmmbcw ghmnondnîs g`cs db{ u`~s g„h{nfncb h g`cs c `w{b u`~s cbw{bh s{ db wb{{nwhn{b gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

@nod ?Dbs mbmk{bs cbw{bs sb{hcw `f{îîs u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ncwî{bssîbs$ pn chwnb{hcw db{`f{îmbcw ` Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb bw å d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob# Gás obwwbchwno`wnhc$ dbs mbmk{bs sb{hcw ohcsngî{îs ohmmb bbownzbmbcw gîsnfcîs#

@nod 7Gbs mbmk{bs suudî`cws sb{hcw îf`dbmbcw gîsnfcîs bc chmk{b ss`cw uh{ {bmudòb{ dbsmbmk{bs wnwd`n{bs bc o`s gb cîobssnwî# Obwwb gîsnfc`wnhc sb{` bbowîb bc mìmb wbmus pbobddb gbs mbmk{bs wnwd`n{bs$ h$ g mhncs$ g`cs db uds k{b gîd`n uhssnkdb#

@nod 2_n$ uh{ cb {`nshc pbdohcpb$ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb cb ubw u{hoîgb{

å d` gîsnfc`wnhc gbs mbmk{bs cbw{bs$ nd ~ sb{` u{hoîgî u`{ d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob#

@nod :G`cs d` mbs{b g uhssnkdb$ d„c gbs gbq mbmk{bs cbw{bs gbz{` ìw{b oan{{fnbc$ bw d„`w{bmîgbonc#

@nod 6Dbs mbmk{bs cbw{bs lhn{hcw g„cb bcwná{b ncgîubcg`cob å d„îf`{g gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw$pn gbz{hcw db{ `ss{b{ whwbs òndnwîs g`cs d„òohmudnssbmbcw gb db{ mnssnhc#

@nod 1G„òoh{g `zbo d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb qb{` dbsohcgnwnhcs gb sb{znob gbs ncwî{bssîs$ dh{sp„nd b{` dbs gîsnfc`wnhcs ncgnpîbs `q `{wnodbs ; bw7 g u{îsbcw {áfdbmbcw#



071 ?b OhczBcwnhc

@nod >Gás pb dbs mbmk{bs cbw{bs `{hcw îwî `f{îîs$ dbs Ohmmnssnhcs mîgno`dbs mnqwbs ohm-mbcob{hcw db{s w{`z`q `ssn {ùngbmbcw pb uhssnkdb bw$ bc whw o`s$ g`cs c gîd`n gb w{hns

mhns å ohmuwb{ gb d` g`wb gb d„ f{îmbcw#

@nod 05Dbs Ohmmnssnhcs mîgno`dbs mnqwbs bq`mncb{hcw whs dbs u{nshccnb{s znsîs u`{ d„`{wnodb 00?gb d` Ohczbcwnhc# Bddbs u{huhsb{hcw db {ù`w{nbmbcw$ d„bqodsnhc g {ù`w{nbmbcw h d„`lh{-cbmbcw å c bq`mbc dwî{nb{# Db{s gîonsnhcs sb{hcw u{nsbs å d` m`lh{nwî#

@nod 00

G`cs db mhns pn snz{` d` znsnwb$ d` gîonsnhc u{nsb u`{ d` Ohmmnssnhc g`cs oa`pb o`s g„bs-uáob sb{` ohmmcnpîb å d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ å d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob bw ` Ohmnwî nc-wb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb# D` Ohmmnssnhc mîgno`db mnqwb nch{mb{` îf`dbmbcw oa`pbu{nshccnb{ `~`cw u`ssî d` znsnwb gb d` gîonsnhc u{nsb$ bw gîdnz{b{` cb `wwbsw`wnhc sbmkd`kdb `mhgádb `ccbqî å d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc å obq ghcw bddb `{` u{huhsî db {ù`w{nbmbcw#

@nod 0;D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob sb{` wbcb g„bqîowb{ dbs gîonsnhcs gb d` Ohmmnssnhc mîgno`db mnqwbg`cs c gîd`n gb w{hns mhns ù{ás p„bddb bc `{` îwî gmbcw nch{mîb#

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0. D„ zns mbcwnhccî å d„ {wnodb :?$ w{hnsnámb `dncî`$ ohcwnbcg{` dbs ncgno`wnhcs snz`cwbs <`. db cmî{h m`w{nodb u{îz å d„`{wnodb 06$ db f{`gb$ dbs chm bw u{îchms g u{nshccnb{

gb fb{{b `wb{ g u`nbmbcw 9k. db chm bw d„ g{bssb g gbswnc`w`n{b g u`nbmbcw g`cs db u`~s g„h{nfncb 9o. d` shmmb pn ghnw ìw{b u`~îb bqu{nmîb bc mhcc`nb gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

;. Obw `zns sb{` snfcî u`{ db u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b# _n ob gb{cnb{ cb s`nw u`s îo{n{b$ nd ~ ù-uhsb{` c snfcb `wabcwnî u`{ c wîmhnc# D„ahmmb gb ohc`cob ohcw{bsnfcb{` îf`db-mbcw obw `zns#

?. Db ohmm`cg`cw g o`mu lhwb{` å obw zns c ob{wno`w wwbsw`cw pb db shdgb o{îgnwb{g ohmuwb g u{nshccnb{ gb fb{{b ncwî{bssî c„bsw u`s ncî{nb{ å d` shmmb pn ghnw ìw{bu`~îb#

7. Obs `zns uh{{hcw sb `n{b shs h{mb gb dnswbs# Oa`pb bnddb gb obs dnswbs sb{` `wabc-wnîb u`{ d„ahmmb gb ohc`cob bw ob{wnîb ohch{mb u`{ db ohmm`cg`cw g o`mu#






WNW[B NG___F`D_

@nod 0Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bcf`fbcw å `n{b {bsubowb{ d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs#

@nod ;Bc gbah{s gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs pn ghnzbcw bcw{b{ bc znfb{ gás db wbmus gbu`nq$ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc s„ùudnpb{` bc o`s gb fb{{b gîod`{îb h gbwhw `w{b ohcjnw `{mî s{fnss`cw bcw{b gbq h udsnb{s gbs A`wbs U`{wnbs

ohcw{òw`cwbs$ mìmb sn d„îw`w gb fb{{b c„bsw u`s {bohcc u`{ d„cb g„bddbs#





OHCZBCWNHC GB FBCÁZB[BD@WNZB Å D@ U[HWBOWNHC GB_ UB[_HCCB_ ONZNDB_BC WBMU_ GB FRB[[B GR 0; @HùW 0>7>

Dbs shssnfcîs$ Udîcnuhwbcwn`n{bs gbs Fhzb{cbmbcws {bu{îsbcwîs å d` Ohcî{bcob gnudhm wnpbpn s„bsw {îcnb å Fbcázb g ;0 `z{nd ` 0; `hw 0>7> bc zb g„îd`kh{b{ cb ohczbcwnhc uh{ dù{hwbownhc gbs ub{shccbs onzndbs bc wbmus gb fb{{b$ shcw ohczbcs gb ob pn snw<

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0:5 7b OhczBcwnhc



d„îf`{g gbs ub{shccbs mbcwnhccîbs on-gbsss <`. dbs `wwbncwbs uh{wîbs å d` znb bw d„ncwîf{nwî oh{uh{bddb$ chw`mmbcw db

mb{w{b shs whwbs sbs h{mbs$ dbs mwnd`wnhcs$ dbs w{`nwbmbcwso{bds$ wh{w{bs bw suudnobs9

k. dbs u{nsbs g„hw`fbs9o. dbs `wwbncwbs å d` gnfcnwî gbs ub{shccbs$ chw`mmbcw dbs w{`nwbmbcws

amndn`cws bw gîf{`g`cws9g. dbs ohcg`mc`wnhcs u{hchcoîbs bw dbs bqîownhcs bbowîbs s`cs c


;. Dbs kdbssîs bw dbs m`d`gbs sb{hcw {bobnddns bw shnfcîs#rc h{f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b nmu`{wn`d$ wbd pb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gbd` O{hnq-[hfb$ uh{{` h{n{ sbs sb{znobs `q U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s„bh{ob{hcw$ g„`w{b u`{w$ gb mbww{b bc znfb{ u`{ zhnb g„ ooh{gs suîon`q whw h u`{wnb gbs `w{bs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{î-

sbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#D„ùudno`wnhc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs pn u{îoágbcw c„`{` u`s g„bbw s{ db sw`ww l{ngnpb gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

@nod 7_hcw u{hwîfîbs u`{ d` Ohczbcwnhc dbs ub{shccbs pn$ å c mhmbcw pbd-ohcpb bw gb pbdpb m`cná{b pb ob shnw$ sb w{hzbcw$ bc o`s gb ohcjnw hg„hoou`wnhc$ ` uhzhn{ g„cb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw h g„cb Unss`cob hoo-u`cwb ghcw bddbs cb shcw u`s {bssh{wnss`cwbs#

Dbs {bssh{wnss`cws g„c w`w pn c„bsw u`s dnî u`{ d` Ohczbcwnhc cb shcw u`su{hwîfîs u`{ bddb# Dbs {bssh{wnss`cws g„c w`w cbw{b sb w{hz`cw s{ db wb{-{nwhn{b g„c w`w kbddnfî{`cw bw dbs {bssh{wnss`cws g„c w`w oh-kbddnfî{`cw cbsb{hcw u`s ohcsngî{îs ohmmb gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs `ssn dhcfwbmus pbd„w`w ghcw nds shcw {bssh{wnss`cws `{` cb {bu{îsbcw`wnhc gnudhm`wnpb ch{-m`db ù{ás gb d„w`w ` uhzhn{ gpbd nds sb w{hzbcw#

Dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs g Wnw{b NN hcw whwbhns c oa`mu g„ùudno`wnhc uds îwbc-g$ gîcn å d„`{wnodb 0?#

Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs u`{ d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhcg sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbs g`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb g0; `hw 0>7>$ h u`{ obddb gb Fbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs$gbs m`d`gbs bw gbs c`{`fîs gbs h{obs `{mîbs s{ mb{ g 0; `hw 0>7>$ hu`{ obddb gb Fbcázb {bd`wnzb ` w{`nwbmbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b g 0;

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DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> 0:0

`hw 0>7>$ cb sb{hcw u`s ohcsngî{îbs ohmmb ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs ` sbcs gbd` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

@nod 2_n$ s{ db wb{{nwhn{b g„cb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw$ obddb-on ` gb sî{nbsbs {`nshcs gbohcsngî{b{ p„cb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc `nw ncgnzn-gbddbmbcw d„hklbw g„cb ssunonhc dîfnwnmb gb sb dnz{b{ å cb òwnznwî u{îl-gnon`kdb å d` sîo{nwî gb d„w`w h s„nd bsw îw`kdn p„bddb sb dnz{b bc `nw å obwwbòwnznwî$ d`gnwb ub{shccb cb uh{{` sb u{îz`dhn{ gbs g{hnws bw u{nzndáfbs ohcî-{îs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc pn$ s„nds îw`nbcw bqb{oîs bc s` `zb{$ uh{-{`nbcw uh{wb{ u{îlgnob å d` sîo{nwî gb d„w`w#

_n$ g`cs c wb{{nwhn{b hoouî$ cb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb u`{ d` Ohczbcwnhc bswùu{îabcgîb bc w`cw p„bsunhc h s`khwb{ h u`{ob p„bddb `nw ncgnzngbddb-mbcw d„hklbw g„cb ssunonhc dîfnwnmb gb sb dnz{b{ å cb òwnznwî u{îlgnon`kdbå d` sîo{nwî gb d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb$ d`gnwb ub{shccb uh{{`$ g`cs dbs o`shþ d` sîo{nwî mndnw`n{b d„bqnfb `kshdmbcw$ ìw{b u{nzîb gbs g{hnws gb ohmm-cno`wnhc u{îzs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

G`cs oaòc gb obs o`s$ dbs ub{shccbs znsîbs u`{ dbs `dncî`s u{îoîgbcwssb{hcw whwbhns w{`nwîbs `zbo am`cnwî bw$ bc o`s gb uh{snwbs$ cb sb{hcw

u`s u{nzîbs gb db{ g{hnw å c u{hoás îpnw`kdb bw {îfdnb{ wbd p„nd bsw u{î- z u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc# Bddbs {bohz{b{hcw îf`dbmbcw db kîcîob gbwhs dbs g{hnws bw u{nzndáfbs g„cb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb$ ` sbcs gb d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc$ å d` g`wb d` uds u{hoab uhssnkdb b îf`{g å d` sîo{nwî gb d„w`wh gb d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb$ snz`cw db o`s#

@nod :D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc s„ùudnpb{` gás db gîkw gb whw ohcjnw h hoou`-wnhc mbcwnhccîs å d„`{wnodb ;#

_{ db wb{{nwhn{b gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw$ d„ùudno`wnhc gb d` Ohczbcwnhc obssb{`å d` c fîcî{`db gbs huî{`wnhcs mndnw`n{bs#

Bc wb{{nwhn{b hoouî$ d„ùudno`wnhc gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc obssb{` c`c ù{ás d` c fîcî{`db gbs huî{`wnhcs mndnw`n{bs 9 cî`cmhncs$ d` Unss`cobhoou`cwb sb{` dnîb uh{ d` g{îb gb d„hoou`wnhc - uh{ `w`cw pb obwwbUnss`cob bqb{ob dbs hcownhcs gb fhzb{cbmbcw g`cs db wb{{nwhn{b bc pbs-wnhc - u`{ dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gbs `{wnodbs snz`cws gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc < 0

å 0;$ ;6$ ;> å ?7$ 76$ 7>$ 20$ 2;$ 2?$ 2>$ :0 å 66 bw 07?#Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs$ ghcw d` dnkî{`wnhc$ db {ù`w{nbmbcw h d„îw`kdnssb-mbcw `{hcw dnb ù{ás obs gîd`ns {bswb{hcw g`cs d„ncwb{z`ddb ` kîcîob gb dù{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

Gî{hf`wnhcs

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0:; 7b OhczBcwnhc

@nod 6Bc gbah{s gbs òoh{gs bqu{bssîmbcw u{îzs u`{ dbs `{wnodbs 00$ 07$ 02$ 06$ ?:$051$ 05>$ 0?;$ 0?? bw 07>$ dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs uh{{hcw ohcod{b

g„`w{bs òoh{gs suîon`q s{ whwb pbswnhc p„nd db{ u`{`ãw{`nw huuh{wcgb {îfdb{ u`{wnodná{bmbcw# oc òoh{g suîon`d cb uh{{` uh{wb{ u{îlgnobå d` snw`wnhc gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs$ wbddb p„bddb bsw {îfdîb u`{ d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc$ cn {bsw{bncg{b dbs g{hnws pb obddb-on db{ òoh{gb#

Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs {bswb{hcw kîcîob gb obs ooh{gs ssn dhcfwbmuspb d` Ohczbcwnhc db{ bsw ùudno`kdb$ s` swnud`wnhcs ohcw{`n{bs ohcwb-cbs bqu{bssîmbcw g`cs dbs ssgnws òoh{gs h g`cs gbs òoh{gs dwî{nb{s$h îf`dbmbcw s` mbs{bs uds `zh{`kdbs u{nsbs å db{ îf`{g u`{ d„cb h

d„`w{b gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

@nod 1Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs cb uh{{hcw bc òc o`s {bchcob{ u`{wnbddbmbcwh whw`dbmbcw `q g{hnws pb db{ `ss{b d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bw$ db o`sîoaî`cw$ dbs òoh{gs suîon`q znsîs å d„`{wnodb u{îoîgbcw#

@nod >

D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc sb{` ùudnpîb `zbo db ohcoh{s bw shs db ohcw{÷dbgbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs oa`{fîbs gb s`zbf`{gb{ dbs ncwî{ìws gbs U`{-wnbs ` ohcjnw# obw bbw$ dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs uh{{hcw$ bc gbah{sgb db{ ub{shccbd gnudhm`wnpb h ohcsd`n{b$ gîsnfcb{ gbs gîdîfîs u`{mndb{s u{hu{bs {bssh{wnss`cws h u`{mn dbs {bssh{wnss`cws g„`w{bs Unss`cobscbw{bs# Obs gîdîfîs gbz{hcw ìw{b shmns å d„`f{îmbcw gb d` Unss`cob `-u{ás gb d`pbddb nds bqb{ob{hcw db{ mnssnhc#


Dbs {bu{îsbcw`cws h gîdîfîs gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs cb gbz{hcw bc `-oc o`s gîu`ssb{ dbs dnmnwbs gb db{ mnssnhc$ wbddb p„bddb {bssh{w gb d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc 9 nds gbz{hcw chw`mmbcw wbcn{ ohmuwb gbs cîobssnwîs nmuî{nbsbsgb sîo{nwî gb d„w`w ù{ás gpbd nds bqb{obcw db{s hcownhcs#

@nod 05Dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc cb hcw u`s hkswòdb `q òwnznwîsam`cnw`n{bs pb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb$ `ncsn pb whw`w{b h{f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b nmu`{wn`d$ bcw{bu{bcg{` uh{ d` u{hwbownhc gbsub{shccbs onzndbs bw uh{ dbs sboh{s å db{ ùuh{wb{$ mh~bcc`cw d„`f{îmbcwgbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ncwî{bssîbs#

Nc`dnîc`kndnwî

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u{hwbow{nobs

@ownznwîs gr

Ohmnwî

ncwb{c`wnhc`d

gb d`

O{hnq-[hrfb

@ooh{gs

suîon`rq



DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> 0:?

@nod 00Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs uh{{hcw$ bc whw wbmus$ s„bcwbcg{b uh{ohcb{ å c h{f`cnsmb u{îsbcw`cw whwbs f`{`cwnbs g„nmu`{wn`dnwî bw g„bo`-

onwî dbs wëoabs gîzhdbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc q Unss`cob u{hwbow{nobs#_n gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs cb kîcîonbcw u`s h cb kîcîonbcw uds$ pbddbp„bc shnw d` {`nshc$ gb d„òwnznwî g„cb Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob h g„c h{f`-cnsmb gîsnfcî ohch{mîmbcw å d„`dncî` u{bmnb{$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gb- z{` gbm`cgb{ shnw å c w`w cbw{b$ shnw å c wbd h{f`cnsmb$ g„`ssmb{ dbshcownhcs gîzhdbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc `q Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobsgîsnfcîbs u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

_n cb u{hwbownhc cb ubw ìw{b `ncsn `ss{îb$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gbz{`

gbm`cgb{ å c h{f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b$ wbd pb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gbd` O{hnq-[hfb$ g„`ssmb{ dbs wëoabs am`cnw`n{bs gîzhdbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc `q Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs h gbz{` òobuwb{$ shs {îsb{zbgbs gnsuhsnwnhcs g u{îsbcw `{wnodb$ dbs h{bs gb sb{znobs îm`c`cw g„c wbdh{f`cnsmb#

Whwb Unss`cob cbw{b h whw h{f`cnsmb ncznwî u`{ d` Unss`cob ncwî{bs-sîb h s„h{`cw `q cs ssmbcwnhccîbs gbz{`$ g`cs shc òwnznwî$ {bswb{ohcsonbcw gb s` {bsuhcs`kndnwî bczb{s d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw ghcw {bdázbcw dbs

ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ bw gbz{` h{cn{ gbs f`-{`cwnbs ss`cwbs gb oùònwî uh{ `ssmb{ dbs hcownhcs bc pbswnhc bw dbs{bmudn{ `zbo nmu`{wn`dnwî#

Nd cb uh{{` ìw{b gî{hfî `q gnsuhsnwnhcs pn u{îoágbcw u`{ òoh{g u`{wno-dnb{ bcw{b gbs Unss`cobs ghcw d„cb sb w{hzb{`nw$ mìmb wbmuh{`n{bmbcw$ zns-å-zns gb d„ w{b Unss`cob h gb sbs `ddnîs$ dnmnwîb g`cs s` dnkb{wî gb cîfh-on`wnhc u`{ snwb gbs îzîcbmbcws mndnw`n{bs$ chw`mmbcw bc o`s g„cb hoo-u`wnhc gb d` whw`dnwî h g„cb u`{wnb nmuh{w`cwb gb shc wb{{nwhn{b#


Dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs g u{îsbcw `{wnodb s„îwbcg{hcw bw sb{hcw `gùwîbs ` o`s gbs{bssh{wnss`cws g„c w`w cbw{b sb w{hz`cw s{ c wb{{nwhn{b hoouî h s{ dbwb{{nwhn{b g„c w`w kbddnfî{`cw ù{ás gpbd d„w`w ghcw nds shcw {bssh{wns-s`cws cb gnsuhsb u`s g„cb {bu{îsbcw`wnhc gnudhm`wnpb ch{m`db#

@nod 0;G`cs whrs dbs o`s hþ bddbs db lrfb{hcw rwndb g`cs d„ncwî{ìw gbs ub{shccbs u{h-

wîfîbs$ chw`mmbcw bc o`s gb gîsòoh{g bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs `r ohcjnw sr{ d„ù-

udno`wnhc hr d„ncwb{u{îw`wnhc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ dbs

Urnss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs u{ìwb{hcw dbr{s khcs hobs `rq cs gb {áfdbmbcw

gr gnî{bcg#

U{hoîgr{b gb

ohcondn`wnhc

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0:7 7b OhczBcwnhc

obw bbw$ oaòcb gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs uh{{`$ s{ d „ncznw`wnhc g„cbU`{wnb h suhcw`cîmbcw$ u{huhsb{ `q U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw cb {îcnhc gb db{s{bu{îsbcw`cws bw$ bc u`{wnodnb{$ gbs `wh{nwîs oa`{fîbs g sh{w gbs ub{shccbs

u{hwîfîbs$ îzbcwbddbmbcw s{ c wb{{nwhn{b cbw{b ohczbc`kdbmbcw oahnsn#Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw sb{hcw wbcbs gb ghccb{ snwb `q u{huhsnwnhcs pndb{ sb{hcw `nwbs g`cs ob sbcs# Dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs uh{{hcw$ db o`sîoaî`cw$ u{huhsb{ å d„`f{îmbcw gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw cb ub{shcc`dnwî ùu`{-wbc`cw å cb Unss`cob cbw{b$ h cb ub{shcc`dnwî gîdîfîb u`{ db Ohmnwîncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb$ pn sb{` ùubdîb å u`{wnonub{ å obwwb {îcnhc#

WNW[B NNF`DG_D`_`_JJ_GD`F

@nod 0?Dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs g u{îsbcw wnw{b znsbcw d„bcsbmkdb gbs uhud`wnhcs gbs u`~sbc ohcjnw$ s`cs òcb gnswncownhc gî`zh{`kdb$ chw`mmbcw gb {òb$ gb c`-wnhc`dnwî$ gb {bdnfnhc h g„huncnhcs uhdnwnpbs bw wbcgbcw å `wwîcb{ dbs sh-{`cobs bcfbcg{îbs u`{ d` fb{{b#

@nod 07Gás db wbmus gb u`nq$ dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs bw$ ù{ás d„hzb{w{b gbsahswndnwîs$ dbs U`{wnbs ohcjnw$ uh{{hcw o{îb{ s{ db{ u{hu{b wb{{nwhn{b bw$ s„ndbc bsw kbshnc$ s{ dbs wb{{nwhn{bs hoouîs$ gbs |hcbs bw dho`dnwîs s`cnw`n{bs bw gbsîo{nwî h{f`cnsîbs gb m`cná{b å mbww{b å d „ k{n gbs bbws gb d` fb{{b dbs kdbs-sîs bw dbs m`d`gbs$ dbs nc{mbs$ dbs ub{shccbs ëfîbs$ dbs bc`cws gb mhncs gbpnc|b `cs$ dbs bmmbs bcobncwbs bw dbs má{bs g„bc`cws gb mhncs gb sbuw `cs#

Gás db gîkw g„c ohcjnw bw oh{s gb obdn-on$ dbs U`{wnbs ncwî{bssîbs uh{{hcwohcod{b bcw{b bddbs gbs òoh{gs uh{ d` {bohcc`nss`cob gbs |hcbs bw dho`dnwîsp„bddbs `{`nbcw îw`kdnbs# Bddbs uh{{hcw å obw bbw mbww{b bc znfb{ dbs gns-uhsnwnhcs u{îzbs g`cs db u{hlbw g„òoh{g `ccbqî å d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ bc~ ùuh{w`cw îzbcwbddbmbcw dbs mhgno`wnhcs p„bddbs lfb{`nbcw cîobss`n{bs#

Dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs bw db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfbshcw ncznwîs å u{ìwb{ db{s khcs hobs uh{ òndnwb{ d„îw`kdnssbmbcw bw d` {b-ohcc`nss`cob gb obs |hcbs bw dho`dnwîs s`cnw`n{bs bw gb sîo{nwî#

@nod 02Whwb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw uh{{`$ shnw gn{bowbmbcw$ shnw u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb g„cw`w cbw{b h g„c h{f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b$ u{huhsb{ å d` U`{wnb `gzb{sbd` o{î`wnhc$ g`cs dbs {îfnhcs hþ hcw dnb gbs ohmk`ws$ gb |hcbs cbw{`dnsîbs

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Gás pb dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw sb sb{hcw mnsbs g„òoh{g s{ d` snw`wnhc fîh-f{ùanpb$ d„`gmncnsw{`wnhc$ d„ùu{hznsnhccbmbcw bw db ohcw{÷db gb d` |hcbcbw{`dnsîb bczns`fîb$ c òoh{g sb{` îw`kdn u`{ îo{nw bw snfcî u`{ dbs {bu{î-sbcw`cws gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw# Obw òoh{g qb{` db gîkw bw d` g{îb gb d`cbw{`dns`wnhc gb d` |hcb#

@nod 0:Dbs kdbssîs bw dbs m`d`gbs$ `ncsn pb dbs nc{mbs bw dbs bmmbs bcobncwbs sb-{hcw d„hklbw g„cb u{hwbownhc bw g„c {bsubow u`{wnodnb{s#

Uh{ `w`cw pb dbs bqnfbcobs mndnw`n{bs db ub{mbww{hcw$ oa`pb U`{wnb òhcjnw `zh{nsb{` dbs mbs{bs u{nsbs uh{ {boab{oab{ dbs wîs h kdbssîs$ zbcn{bc `ngb `q c`{`fîs bw `w{bs ub{shccbs bquhsîbs å c f{`zb g`cfb{ bw dbsu{hwîfb{ ohcw{b db undd`fb bw dbs m`z`ns w{`nwbmbcws#

@nod 06Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s„bh{ob{hcw gb ohcod{b gbs `{{`cfbmbcws dho`quh{ d„îzò`wnhc g„cb |hcb `ssnîfîb h bcob{odîb$ gbs kdbssîs$ gbs m`d`gbs$gbs nc{mbs$ gbs znbndd`{gs$ gbs bc`cws bw gbs bmmbs bc ohoabs$ bw uh{db u`ss`fb gbs mncnsw{bs gb whwbs dbs {bdnfnhcs$ g ub{shccbd bw g m`wî{nbds`cnw`n{bs å gbswnc`wnhc gb obwwb |hcb#

@nod 01Dbs a÷unw`q onznds h{f`cnsîs uh{ ghccb{ gbs shncs `q kdbssîs$ `q m`-d`gbs$ `q nc{mbs bw `q bmmbs bc ohoabs cb uh{{hcw$ bc òcbon{ohcsw`cob$ ìw{b d „hklbw g„ ww`pbs 9 nds sb{hcw$ bc whw wbmus$ {bsubowîs bwu{hwîfîs u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

Dbs w`ws pn shcw u`{wnbs å c ohcjnw gbz{hcw gîdnz{b{ å whs dbs a÷unw`qonznds c ghombcw `wwbsw`cw db{ o`{òwá{b g„a÷unw`d onznd bw îw`kdnss`cw pbdbs këwnmbcws p„nds hooubcw cb shcw u`s wndnsîs å gbs cs pn$ ` sbcs gbd„`{wnodb¥0>$ uh{{`nbcw dbs u{nzb{ gb u{hwbownhc#

Dbs a÷unw`q onznds sb{hcw snfc`dîs$ s„nds ~ shcw `wh{nsîs u`{ d„w`w$ ` mh~bcgb d„bmkdámb u{îz å d„`{wnodb ?1 gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb uh{ d „ mîdnh-{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbs g`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcbg 0; `hw 0>7>#

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d„bccbmn# Whwbhns$ d` u{hwbownhc cb obssb{` p„ù{ás cb shmm`wnhc q`cw$g`cs whs dbs o`s huuh{wcs$ c gîd`n {`nshcc`kdb bw gbmb{îb s`cs bbw#

Cb sb{` u`s ohcsngî{î ohmmb òwb cnsnkdb db `nw pb gbs mndnw`n{bs kdbs-sîs h m`d`gbs shcw w{`nwîs g`cs obs a÷unw`q h p„nd s„~ w{hzb gbs `{mbsuh{w`wnzbs bw gbs mcnwnhcs {bwn{îbs å obs mndnw`n{bs bw c„`~`cw u`s bcoh{b îwî zb{sîbs ` sb{znob ohmuîwbcw#

@nod ;5

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G`cs dbs wb{{nwhn{bs hoouîs bw dbs |hcbs g„huî{`wnhcs mndnw`n{bs$ ob ub{shccbdsb b{` {bohcc`ãw{b ` mh~bc g„cb o`{wb g„ngbcwnwî `wwbsw`cw d` p`dnwî gwnwd`n{b$ mcnb gb s` uahwhf{ùanb bw uh{w`cw db wnmk{b sbo gb d„`wh{nwî {bs-uhcs`kdb$ bw îf`dbmbcw$ ubcg`cw p„nd bsw bc sb{znob$ u`{ c k{`ss`{g wnmk{î

{îsnsw`cw å d„amngnwî$ uh{wî ` k{`s fòab# Ob k{`ss`{g sb{` gîdnz{î u`{d„w`w bw mcn gb d„bmkdámb u{îz å d„`{wnodb ?1 gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázbuh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbs g`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbsbc o`mu`fcb g 0; `hw 0>7>#

Whw `w{b ub{shccbd$ `bowî ` hcownhccbmbcw h å d„`gmncnsw{`wnhc gbsa÷unw`q onznds$ sb{` {bsubowî bw u{hwîfî bw `{` g{hnw ` uh{w g k{`ss`{gohmmb on-gbsss u{îz bw shs dbs ohcgnwnhcs u{bso{nwbs ` u{îsbcw `{wnodb$ubcg`cw d„bqb{onob gb obs hcownhcs# _` o`{wb g„ngbcwnwî ncgnpb{` dbs wëoabs

pn dn shcw gîzhdbs#D` gn{bownhc gb oa`pb a÷unw`d onznd wnbcg{` bc whw wbmus å d` gnsuhsnwnhcgbs `wh{nwîs ohmuîwbcwbs$ c`wnhc`dbs h hoou`cwbs$ d` dnswb å lh{ gb shcub{shccbd#

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s{ mb{$ u`{ gbs c`zn{bs `bowîs å obs w{`csuh{ws$ sb{hcw {bsubowîs bw u{hwî-fîs ` mìmb wnw{b pb dbs a÷unw`q u{îzs å d„`{wnodb 01 bw sb snfc`db{hcw bc`{kh{`cw$ `zbo d„`wh{ns`wnhc gb d„w`w$ d„bmkdámb gnswncown u{îz å d„`{wnodb?1 gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbsm`d`gbs g`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb g 0; `hw 0>7>#

@nod ;;Dbs `î{hcbs bqodsnzbmbcw bmudh~îs uh{ db w{`csuh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`-

d`gbs onznds$ gbs nc{mbs bw gbs bmmbs bc ohoabs$ h uh{ db w{`csuh{w gub{shccbd bw g m`wî{nbd s`cnw`n{bs$ cb sb{hcw u`s `ww`pîs$ m`ns sb{hcw {bs-ubowîs dh{sp„nds zhdb{hcw å gbs `dwnwgbs$ gbs ab{bs bw gbs {hwbs suîon`dbmbcwohczbcbs g„c ohmmc òoh{g$ bcw{b whwbs dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ncwî{bssîbs#

Nds uh{{hcw ìw{b snfc`dnsîs u`{ d„bmkdámb gnswncown u{îz å d„`{wnodb ?1 gb dÒhczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbsg`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb g 0; `hw 0>7>#

_` òoh{g ohcw{`n{b$ db s{zhd g wb{{nwhn{b bccbmn h gb wb{{nwhn{bs hoo-

uîs u`{ d„bccbmn bsw ncwb{gnw#Obs `î{hcbs hkîn{hcw å whw h{g{b g„`wwb{{nss`fb# Bc o`s g„`wwb{{nss`fb `ncsnnmuhsî$ d „ î{hcb bw sbs hoou`cws uh{{hcw ohcwncb{ db{ zhd$ u{ás bq`mbcîzbcwbd#

@nod ;?Oa`pb A`wb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb òoh{gb{` db dnk{b u`ss`fb gb whw bczhngb mîgno`mbcws bw gb m`wî{nbd s`cnw`n{b `ncsn pb gbs hklbws cîobss`n{bs `

odwb$ gbswncîs cnpbmbcw å d` uhud`wnhc onzndb g„cb `w{b U`{wnb ohcw{ò-w`cwb$ mìmb bccbmnb# Bddb wh{nsb{` îf`dbmbcw db dnk{b u`ss`fb gb whw bczhngb znz{bs ncgnsubcs`kdbs$ gb zìwbmbcws bw gb h{wn`cws {îsb{zîs `q bc`cwsgb mhncs gb pnc|b `cs$ `q bmmbs bcobncwbs h bc ohoabs#

D„hkdnf`wnhc uh{ cb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb g„ ooh{gb{ db dnk{b u`ss`fb gbs bczhns ncgnpîs å d„`dncî` u{îoîgbcw bsw skh{ghccîb å d` ohcgnwnhc pb obwwbU`{wnb shnw `ss{îb gb c„ zhn{ òcb {`nshc sî{nbsb gb o{`ncg{b pb <

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k. pb db ohcw{÷db unssb cb u`s ìw{b boòb$ ho. pb d„bccbmn unssb bc wn{b{ c `z`cw`fb m`cnbswb uh{ sbs bh{wsmndnw`n{bs h shc îohchmnb$ bc skswnw`cw obs bczhns å gbs m`{oa`c-gnsbs p„nd `{`nw `w{bmbcw g h{cn{ h u{hgn{b$ h bc dnkî{`cwgbs m`wná{bs$ u{hgnws h sb{znobs p„nd `{`nw `w{bmbcw g `bowb{ åd` u{hgownhc gb wbddbs m`{oa`cgnsbs#

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0:1 7b OhczBcwnhc

D` Unss`cob pn `wh{nsb db u`ss`fb gbs bczhns ncgnpîs g`cs db u{bmnb{ `dn-cî` g u{îsbcw {wnodb$ ubw uhsb{ ohmmb ohcgnwnhc å shc wh{ns`wnhc pb d`gnsw{nkwnhc `q kîcîon`n{bs shnw `nwb shs db ohcw{÷db bbowî s{ udòb u`{

dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs#Obs bczhns gbz{hcw ìw{b òabmncîs db uds znwb uhssnkdb bw d„w`w pn `wh{nsbdb{ dnk{b u`ss`fb `{` db g{hnw gb qb{ dbs ohcgnwnhcs wboacnpbs `qpbddbsnd sb{` `wh{nsî#

@nod ;7Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw u{bcg{hcw dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ pb dbs bc`cwsgb mhncs gb pnc|b `cs$ gbzbcs h{uabdncs h sîu`{îs gb db{ `mnddb g `nw

gb d` fb{{b$ cb shnbcw u`s d`nssîs å bq-mìmbs$ bw uh{ pb shnbcw òndnwîs$bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs$ db{ bcw{bwnbc$ d` u{`wnpb gb db{ {bdnfnhc bw db{îgo`wnhc# Obddb-on sb{` sn uhssnkdb ohcîb å gbs ub{shccbs gb mìmb w{`gn-wnhc odw{bddb#

Dbs U`{wnbs ohcjnw `zh{nsb{hcw d„òobnd gb obs bc`cws bc u`~s cbw{b ubc-g`cw d` g{îb g ohcjnw$ `zbo db ohcsbcwbmbcw gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$s„nd ~ bc ` cb$ bw sn bddbs hcw d` f`{`cwnb pb dbs u{nconubs îchcoîs ` u{bmnb{`dncî` shnbcw {bsubowîs#

Bc hw{b$ bddbs s„bh{ob{hcw gb u{bcg{b dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ pb whsdbs bc`cws gb mhncs gb gh|b `cs unssbcw ìw{b ngbcwnîs$ u`{ db uh{w g„cbud`pb g„ngbcwnwî h u`{ whw `w{b mh~bc#

@nod ;2Whwb ub{shccb sb w{hz`cw s{ db wb{{nwhn{b g„cb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw h g`cs cwb{{nwhn{b hoouî u`{ bddb$ uh{{` ghccb{ `q mbmk{bs gb s` `mnddb$ hþ p„ndssb w{hzbcw$ gbs chzbddbs gb o`{òwá{b sw{nowbmbcw `mndn`d bw bc {bobzhn{#

Obwwb oh{{bsuhcg`cob sb{` òabmncîb {ùngbmbcw bw s`cs {bw`{g nclswnî#_n$ g `nw gbs on{ohcsw`cobs$ d„îoa`cfb gb d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob `mndn`db u`{ d` zhnb uhsw`db h{gnc`n{b bsw {bcg gnondb h nmuhssnkdb$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnwncwî{bssîbs s„`g{bssb{hcw å c ncwb{mîgn`n{b cbw{b$ wbd pb d„fbcob obcw{`dbu{îzb å d „ {wnodb 075$ uh{ gîwb{mncb{ `zbo dn dbs mh~bcs g„`ss{b{ d„bqîo-wnhc gb db{s hkdnf`wnhcs g`cs dbs mbnddb{bs ohcgnwnhcs$ chw`mmbcw `zbo dbohcoh{s gbs _honîwîs c`wnhc`dbs gb d` O{hnq-[hfb !g O{hnss`cw-[hfb$ gDnhc bw _hdbnd [hfbs.#

_n dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw bswnmbcw cîobss`n{b gb {bsw{bncg{b d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob`mndn`db$ bddbs uh{{hcw whw ` uds nmuhsb{ d„bmudhn gb h{mdbs-w~ubohcwbc`cw zncfw-oncp mhws dnk{bmbcw oahnsns bw bc dnmnwb{ d „bczhn å cb sbdbu`{ mhns#

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`w{bs bw sn uhssnkdb sb {îcn{# Bddb `zh{nsb{` chw`mmbcw d„òwnhc gbs h{f`-cnsmbs pn sb ohcsò{bcw å obwwb wëoab$ å ohcgnwnhc p„bddb dbs `nw `f{îîs bwp„nds sb ohch{mbcw `q mbs{bs gb sîo{nwî p„bddb ` u{nsbs#

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@nod ;6Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs hcw g{hnw$ bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs$ ` {bsubow gb db{ub{shccb$ gb db{ ahccb{$ gb db{s g{hnws `mndn`q$ gb db{s ohcznownhcs bwu{`wnpbs {bdnfnbsbs$ gb db{s a`knwgbs bw gb db{s ohwmbs# Bddbs sb{hcw

w{`nwîbs$ bc whw wbmus$ `zbo am`cnwî bw u{hwîfîbs chw`mmbcw ohcw{b whwòwb gb znhdbcob h g„ncwnmng`wnhc$ ohcw{b dbs ncsdwbs bw d` o{nhsnwî ukdnpb#

Dbs bmmbs sb{hcw suîon`dbmbcw u{hwîfîbs ohcw{b whwb `wwbncwb å db{ ahc-cb{$ bw chw`mmbcw ohcw{b db znhd$ d` ohcw{`ncwb å d` u{hswnwwnhc bw whw `w-wbcw`w å db{ ugb{#

Ohmuwb wbc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs {bd`wnzbs å d„îw`w gb s`cwî$ å d„ëfb bw ` sbqb$ dbsub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs sb{hcw whwbs w{`nwîbs u`{ d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw ` uhzhn{gb d`pbddb bddbs sb w{hzbcw$ `zbo dbs mìmbs îf`{gs$ s`cs òcb gnswncownhc

gî`zh{`kdb$ chw`mmbcw gb {òb$ gb {bdnfnhc h g„huncnhcs uhdnwnpbs#

Whwbhns$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw uh{{hcw u{bcg{b$ å d„îf`{g gbs ub{shccbsu{hwîfîbs$ dbs mbs{bs gb ohcw{÷db h gb sîo{nwî pn sb{hcw cîobss`n{bs g`nw gb d` fb{{b#

@nod ;1ocb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb cb uh{{` ìw{b wndnsîb uh{ mbww{b$ u`{ s` u{î-sbcob$ ob{w`ncs uhncws h ob{w`ncbs {îfnhcs å d„`k{n gbs huî{`wnhcs mndnw`n{bs#

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065 7b OhczBcwnhc

@nod ?5Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs `{hcw whwbs òndnwîs uh{ s„`g{bssb{ `q Unss`cobsu{hwbow{nobs$ ` Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb$ å d` _honîwî c`wnhc`db

gb d` O{hnq-[hfb !g O{hnss`cw-[hfb$ g Dnhc bw _hdbnd [hfbs. g u`~s hþbddbs sb w{hzbcw$ `ncsn p„å whw h{f`cnsmb pn uh{{`nw db{ zbcn{ bc `ngb#

Obs gnî{bcws h{f`cnsmbs {bobz{hcw å obw bbw$ gb d` u`{w gbs wh{nwîs$ whwbsòndnwîs g`cs dbs dnmnwbs w{òîbs u`{ dbs cîobssnwîs mndnw`n{bs h gb sîo{nwî#

Bc gbah{s gbs znsnwbs gbs gîdîfîs gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs bw g Ohmnwîncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb u{îzbs u`{ d„`{wnodb 07?$ dbs Unss`cobs gî-wbcw{nobs h hoou`cwbs òndnwb{hcw `w`cw pb uhssnkdb dbs znsnwbs pb gîsn-{b{`nbcw `n{b `q ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs dbs {bu{îsbcw`cws g„`w{bs ncswnwwnhcs

ghcw db kw bsw g„ uuh{wb{ å obs ub{shccbs cb `ngb sun{nwbddb h m`wî{nbddb#

@nod ?0ocb ohcw{`ncwb g„h{g{b ua~snpb h mh{`d cb ubw ìw{b bqb{oîb å d„îf`{ggbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs$ chw`mmbcw uh{ hkwbcn{ g„bddbs$ h gb wnb{s$ gbs{bcsbnfcbmbcws#

@nod ?;

Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„ncwb{gnsbcw bqu{bssîmbcw whwb mbs{b gbc`w{b å o`sb{ shnw gbs sh{`cobs ua~snpbs$ shnw d„bqwb{mnc`wnhc gbs ub{-shccbs u{hwîfîbs bc db{ uhzhn{# Obwwb ncwb{gnownhc znsb chc sbdbmbcw dbmb{w{b$ d` wh{w{b$ dbs ubncbs oh{uh{bddbs$ dbs mwnd`wnhcs bw dbs bquî{nbcobsmîgno`dbs h sonbcwnpbs chc cîobssnwîbs u`{ db w{`nwbmbcw mîgno`d g„cbub{shccb u{hwîfîb$ m`ns îf`dbmbcw whwbs `w{bs k{w`dnwîs$ p„bddbs shnbcw db`nw g„`fbcws onznds h g„`fbcws mndnw`n{bs#

@nod ??ocb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb cb ubw ìw{b ucnb uh{ cb nc{òwnhc p„bddb c„ù`s ohmmnsb ub{shccbddbmbcw# Dbs ubncbs ohddbownzbs$ gb mìmb pb whwbmbs{b g„ncwnmng`wnhc h gb wb{{h{nsmb$ shcw ncwb{gnwbs#

Db undd`fb bsw ncwb{gnw#

Dbs mbs{bs gb {bu{îs`nddbs å d„îf`{g gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs bw gb db{sknbcs shcw ncwb{gnwbs#

@nod ?7D` u{nsb g„hw`fbs bsw ncwb{gnwb#

Ncwb{gnownhcgbs sîznobs

oh{uh{bds$ gb

d` wh{wr{b$ bwo

[bsuhc-

s`kndnwî

ncgnzngrbddb$

ubncbs ohddbo-

wnzbs$ undd`fb$

{bu{îs`nddbs

Hw`fbs

Ncwb{gno-

wnhc gb d`

ohcw{`ncwb

[bohr{s `rq

Urnss`cobs

u{hwbow{nobsbw h{f`-

cnsmbs gb

sbohr{s




G{hnw gb

prnwwb{

db wb{{nwhn{b

_BOWNHC NN „

@nod ?2Whwb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb pn gîsn{b{`nw pnwwb{ db wb{{nwhn{b ` gîkw h òh{s g„c ohcjnw$ `{` db g{hnw gb db `n{b$ å mhncs pb shc gîu`{w cb shnwohcw{`n{b `q ncwî{ìws c`wnhc`q gb d„w`w# Nd sb{` sw`wî s{ s` gbm`cgb gbpnwwb{ db wb{{nwhn{b sbdhc cb u{hoîg{b {îfdná{b bw d` gîonsnhc gbz{` ncwb{- zbcn{ db uds {ùngbmbcw uhssnkdb# wh{nsîb å pnwwb{ db wb{{nwhn{b$ bddb uh{{`sb mcn{ gb d„`{fbcw cîobss`n{b å shc zh~`fb bw bmuh{wb{ `zbo bddb c zhdmb{`nshcc`kdb g„bbws bw g„hklbws g„s`fb ub{shccbd#

Dbs ub{shccbs å pn d` ub{mnssnhc gb pnwwb{ db wb{{nwhn{b bsw {bsîb `{hcw dbg{hnw g„hkwbcn{ p„c w{nkc`d h c ohddáfb `gmncnsw{`wn ohmuîwbcw$ o{îî åobw bbw u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ {bohcsngá{b ob {bs g`cs db uds k{b gîd`n#

_n gbm`cgb bc bsw `nwb$ gbs {bu{îsbcw`cws gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob uh{-{hcw$ å mhncs pb gbs mhwns gb sîo{nwî cb s„~ huuhsbcw h pb dbs ncwî{bs-sîs cb shdázbcw gbs hklbownhcs$ hkwbcn{ ohmmcno`wnhc gbs {`nshcs uh{dbspbddbs gbs ub{shccbs pn bc `z`nbcw `nw d` gbm`cgb sb shcw z {bsb{d„`wh{ns`wnhc gb pnwwb{ db wb{{nwhn{b bw$ db uds {ùngbmbcw uhssnkdb$ gbs chms

gb whwbs obddbs pn sb w{hzb{`nbcw g`cs ob o`s#

@nod ?:Dbs gîu`{ws `wh{nsîs `q wb{mbs gb d„`{wnodb u{îoîgbcw sb{hcw bbowîs g`csgbs ohcgnwnhcs s`wns`ns`cwbs gb sîo{nwî$ g„a~fnácb$ gb s`dk{nwî bw g„`dn-mbcw`wnhc# Whs dbs {`ns bcoh{s$ å u`{wn{ gb d` sh{wnb g wb{{nwhn{b gb dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ sb{hcw å d` oa`{fb g u`~s gb gbswnc`wnhc h$ bc o`sgb sîlh{ bc u`~s cbw{b$ å d` oa`{fb gb d` Unss`cob ghcw dbs kîcîon`n{bsshcw dbs {bssh{wnss`cws# Dbs mhg`dnwîs u{`wnpbs gb obs gîudòbmbcws sb{hcw$` kbshnc$ qîbs u`{ gbs òoh{gs suîon`q bcw{b dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbs#

_hcw {îsb{zîs dbs òoh{gs suîon`q pn `{`nbcw u ìw{b ohcods bcw{b dbsU`{wnbs ` ohcjnw å u{huhs gb d„îoa`cfb bw g {ù`w{nbmbcw gb db{s {bssh{-wnss`cws whmkîs ` uhzhn{ gb d„bccbmn#

@nod ?6Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs sb w{hz`cw bc gîwbcwnhc u{îzbcwnzb h u{fb`cwcb ubncb u{nz`wnzb gb dnkb{wî sb{hcw$ ubcg`cw db{ gîwbcwnhc$ w{`nwîbs `zboam`cnwî#

Bddbs uh{{hcw$ gás db{ dnkî{`wnhc$ gbm`cgb{ å pnwwb{ db wb{{nwhn{b$ ohch{-mîmbcw `q `{wnodbs u{îoîgbcws#

Mhg`dnwîs

gbs {ù`w{nb-

mbcws

Ub{shccbs

gîwbcrbs



06; 7b OhczBcwnhc

@nod ?1Bqobuwnhc `nwb gbs mbs{bs suîon`dbs pn ubzbcw ìw{b u{nsbs bc zb{w gbd` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ chw`mmbcw gbs `{wnodbs ;6 bw 70$ d` snw`wnhc gbs

ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs {bswb{`$ bc u{nconub$ {îfnb u`{ dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs {bd`wnzbs` w{`nwbmbcw gbs îw{`cfb{s bc wbmus gb u`nq# Bc whw o`s$ dbs g{hnws snz`cwsdb{ sb{hcw ooh{gîs <

0. bddbs uh{{hcw {bobzhn{ dbs sboh{s ncgnzngbds h ohddbowns pn db{ sb-{`nbcw `g{bssîs 9

;. bddbs {bobz{hcw$ sn db{ îw`w gb s`cwî db gbm`cgb$ c w{`nwbmbcw mîgno`dbw gbs shncs ahsunw`dnb{s$ g`cs d` mìmb mbs{b pb dbs {bssh{wnss`cws gbd„w`w ncwî{bssî 9

?. bddbs uh{{hcw u{`wnpb{ db{ {bdnfnhc bw {bobzhn{ d„`ssnsw`cob sun{nwbddbgbs mncnsw{bs gb db{ odwb 9

7. sn bddbs {îsngbcw g`cs cb {îfnhc u`{wnodná{bmbcw bquhsîb `q g`cfb{sgb d` fb{{b$ bddbs sb{hcw `wh{nsîbs å sb gîudòb{ g`cs d` mìmb mbs{bpb dbs {bssh{wnss`cws gb d„w`w ncwî{bssî 9

2. dbs bc`cws gb mhncs gb pnc|b `cs$ dbs bmmbs bcobncwbs bw dbs má{bsg„bc`cws gb mhncs gb sbuw `cs kîcîonb{hcw$ g`cs d` mìmb mbs{b pb

dbs {bssh{wnss`cws gb d„w`w ncwî{bssî$ gb whw w{`nwbmbcw u{îî{bcwnbd#

@nod ?>Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs pn `{`nbcw ub{g$ g `nw g ohcjnw$ db{ òwnznwîdo{`wnzb$ sb{hcw mnsbs bc mbs{b gb w{hzb{ c w{`z`nd {îmcî{î bw lhn{hcwå obw bbw$ shs {îsb{zb gb ohcsngî{`wnhcs gb sîo{nwî bw gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gbd„`{wnodb 75$ gbs mìmbs `z`cw`fbs pb dbs {bssh{wnss`cws gb d` Unss`cob s{ dbwb{{nwhn{b gb d`pbddb bddbs sb w{hzbcw#

_n cb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw shmbw cb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb å gbs mbs{bs gbohcw{÷db pn d` mbwwbcw g`cs d„nmuhssnkndnwî gb uh{zhn{ å s` sksnsw`cob$ ch-w`mmbcw p`cg obwwb ub{shccb cb ubw uh{ gbs {`nshcs gb sîo{nwî w{hzb{c w{`z`nd {îmcî{î å gbs ohcgnwnhcs {`nshcc`kdbs$ d`gnwb U`{wnb ` ohcjnwskznbcg{` å sbs kbshncs bw å obq gbs ub{shccbs pn shcw å s` oa`{fb#

Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîs uh{{hcw$ g`cs whs dbs o`s$ {bobzhn{ gbs sksngbs gbdb{ u`~s g„h{nfncb$ gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob h gbs shonîwîs gb knbc`n-s`cob mbcwnhccîbs å d„`{wnodb ?5#

@nod75Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs cb ubzbcw ìw{b `sw{bncwbs ` w{`z`nd pb g`cs d`mìmb mbs{b pb dbs {bssh{wnss`cws gb d` U`{wnb ` ohcjnw s{ db wb{{nwhn{b gbd`pbddb bddbs sb w{hzbcw#

NN# Mh~bcs

g„bqnswbcob

NNN# W{`z`nd

Ub{shccbs

chc

{ù`w{nîbsN# Fîcî{`dnwîs




_n dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs shcw gb c`wnhc`dnwî bccbmnb$ bddbs cb uh{{hcw ìw{b`sw{bncwbs p„`q w{`z`q pn shcw ch{m`dbmbcw cîobss`n{bs uh{ `ss{b{ d„`dn-mbcw`wnhc$ db dhfbmbcw$ d„a`knddbmbcw$ db w{`csuh{w bw d` s`cwî g„ìw{bs am`ncs$

bw pn cb shcw u`s bc {bd`wnhc gn{bowb `zbo d` ohcgnwb gbs huî{`wnhcs mndnw`n{bs#G`cs dbs o`s mbcwnhccîs `q `dncî`s u{îoîgbcws$ dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs `s-w{bncwbs w{`z`nd kîcîonb{hcw gbs mìmbs ohcgnwnhcs gb w{`z`nd bw gbs mìmbsmbs{bs gb u{hwbownhc pb dbs w{`z`nddb{s c`wnhc`q$ chw`mmbcw bc ob pnohcob{cb db s`d`n{b$ d` g{îb g w{`z`nd$ d„îpnubmbcw$ d` h{m`wnhc u{î`d`kdbbw d` {îu`{`wnhc gbs òongbcws g w{`z`nd bw gbs m`d`gnbs u{hbssnhccbddbs#

Bc o`s gb znhd`wnhc gbs u{bso{nuwnhcs mbcwnhccîbs on-gbsss$ dbs ub{shccbsu{hwîfîbs sb{hcw `wh{nsîbs å bqb{ob{ db{ g{hnw gb ud`ncwb ohch{mîmbcw å

d„`{wnodb ?5#

@nod 70_n d` Unss`cob ` uhzhn{ gb d`pbddb sb w{hzbcw dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbsc„bswnmb u`s ss`cwbs dbs `w{bs mbs{bs gb ohcw{÷db mbcwnhccîbs g`cs dù{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ dbs mbs{bs gb ohcw{÷dbs uds sîzá{bs `qpbddbs bddbuh{{` {boh{n{ sb{hcw d` mnsb bc {îsngbcob h{oîb h d„ncwb{cbmbcw$ ohch{-mîmbcw `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gbs `{wnodbs 7; bw 7?#

Bc ùudnp`cw dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs g gbqnámb `dncî` gb d„`{wnodb ?> ` o`s gbub{shccbs ohcw{`ncwbs g„ k`cghccb{ db{ {îsngbcob a`knwbddb bc zb{w g„cbgîonsnhc pn dbs `sw{bncw å d` {îsngbcob h{oîb g`cs c `w{b dnb$ d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob sb ohch{mb{` `ssn bqòwbmbcw pb uhssnkdb `q {áfdbs {bd`wnzbs` w{`nwbmbcw gbs ncwb{cîs !_bownhc NZ$ Wnw{b NNN gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc.#

@nod 7;D„ncwb{cbmbcw h d` mnsb bc {îsngbcob h{oîb gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs cb

uh{{` ìw{b h{ghccî pb sn d` sîo{nwî gb d` Unss`cob ` uhzhn{ gb d`pbddbobs ub{shccbs sb w{hzbcw db {bcg `kshdmbcw cîobss`n{b#

_n cb ub{shccb gbm`cgb$ u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gbs {bu{îsbcw`cws gb d` Unss`cobu{hwbow{nob$ shc ncwb{cbmbcw zhdhcw`n{b bw sn s` u{hu{b snw`wnhc db {bcg cîobs-s`n{b$ nd ~ sb{` u{hoîgî u`{ d` Unss`cob ` uhzhn{ gb d`pbddb bddb sb w{hzb#

@nod 7?Whwb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb pn `{` îwî ncwb{cîb h mnsb bc {îsngbcob h{oîb

`{` db g{hnw g„hkwbcn{ p„c w{nkc`d h c ohddáfb `gmncnsw{`wn ohmuîwbcw$o{îî å obw bbw u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ {bohcsngá{b g`cs db uds k{b gîd`nd` gîonsnhc u{nsb å shc îf`{g# _n d„ncwb{cbmbcw h d` mnsb bc {îsngbcob h{oîbbsw m`ncwbc$ db w{nkc`d h db ohddáfb `gmncnsw{`wn u{hoîgb{` uî{nhgnpb-mbcw$ bw ` mhncs gbq hns d„`c$ å c bq`mbc g o`s gb obwwb ub{shccb bc zbg„`mbcgb{ bc s` `zb{ d` gîonsnhc ncnwn`db$ sn dbs on{ohcsw`cobs db ub{mbwwbcw#

Z# Mhwns g„nc-

wb{cbmbcwhr gb mnsb

bc {îsngbcob

h{oîb#

Ncwb{cbmbcw

zhdhcw`n{b

ZN# U{hoîgr{b

NZ# [îsngbcob

h{oîb#

Ncwb{cbmbcw



067 7b OhczBcwnhc

mhncs pb dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs ncwî{bssîbs cb s„~ huuhsbcw$ d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob uh{wb{`$ `ssn {ùngbmbcw pb uhssnkdb$ å d` ohcc`nss`cob gb dÙnss`cob u{hwbow{nob dbs chms gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs pn hcw îwî ncwb{cîbs

h mnsbs bc {îsngbcob h{oîb bw dbs chms gb obddbs pn hcw îwî dnkî{îbs gb d „nc-wb{cbmbcw h gb d` {îsngbcob h{oîb# _hs d` mìmb {îsb{zb$ dbs gîonsnhcs gbsw{nkc`q h ohddáfbs ncgnpîs ` u{bmnb{ `dncî` g u{îsbcw `{wnodb sb{hcwîf`dbmbcw chwnîbs `ssn {ùngbmbcw pb uhssnkdb å d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob#

@nod 77Bc u{bc`cw dbs mbs{bs gb ohcw{÷db u{îzbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob cb w{`nwb{` u`s ohmmb îw{`cfb{s bccbmns$ bqodsnzb-mbcw s{ d` k`sb gb db{ ùu`{wbc`cob l{ngnpb å c w`w bccbmn$ dbs {î-fnîs pn cb lhnssbcw bc `nw gb d` u{hwbownhc g„ oc fhzb{cbmbcw#

@nod 72Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs cb uh{{hcw ìw{b w{`csî{îbs å cb Unss`cob chcu`{wnb å d` Ohczbcwnhc#

Obwwb gnsuhsnwnhc cb s`{`nw `n{b hkswòdb ` {ù`w{nbmbcw gbs ub{shccbsu{hwîfîbs h å db{ {bwh{ ` u`~s gb db{ ghmnondb ù{ás d` c gbs ahswndnwîs#

Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs cb uh{{hcw ìw{b w{`csî{îbs u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nobå cb Unss`cob u`{wnb å d` Ohczbcwnhc p„ u{ás pb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob s„bsw`ss{îb pb d` Unss`cob bc pbswnhc bsw gîsn{bsb bw å mìmb g„ùudnpb{ dÒhczbcwnhc# P`cg dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs shcw `ncsn w{`csî{îbs$ d` {bsuhc-s`kndnwî gb d„ùudno`wnhc gb d` Ohczbcwnhc ncohmkb{` å d` Unss`cob pn ` ò-obuwî gb dbs òobnddn{ ubcg`cw db wbmus p„bddbs dn sb{hcw ohcîbs# Cî`cmhncs$` o`s hþ obwwb Unss`cob c„ùudnpb{`nw u`s dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` Ohczbcwnhc$s{ whw uhncw nmuh{w`cw$ d` Unss`cob u`{ d`pbddb dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs hcwîwî w{`csî{îbs gbz{`$ å d` snwb g„cb chwno`wnhc gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$u{bcg{b gbs mbs{bs boòbs uh{ {bmîgnb{ å d` snw`wnhc$ h gbm`cgb{ pb dbsub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs dn shnbcw {bczh~îbs# Nd gbz{` ìw{b s`wns`nw å obwwb gbm`cgb#

rcb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb cb uh{{`$ bc oc o`s$ ìw{b w{`csî{îb g`cs c u`~shþ bddb ubw o{`ncg{b gbs ub{sîownhcs bc {`nshc gb sbs huncnhcs uhdnwnpbsh {bdnfnbsbs#

Dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb obw `{wnodb cb hcw u`s hkswòdb å d„bqw{`gnwnhc$ bc zb{wgbs w{`nwîs g„bqw{`gnwnhc ohcods `z`cw db gîkw gbs ahswndnwîs$ gb ub{shccbs

u{hwîfîbs ncoduîbs gb o{nmbs gb g{hnw ohmmc#

@nod 7:Uh{ w`cw p„bddbs c„ {hcw u`s îwî {ùuh{wîbs cwî{nb{bmbcw$ dbs mbs{bs{bsw{nownzbs u{nsbs å d„îf`{g gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs u{bcg{hcw c `ssn {ùn-gbmbcw pb uhssnkdb ù{ás d` c gbs ahswndnwîs#

Jnc

gbs mbsr{bs

{bsw{nownzbs

ZNNN# W{`csb{w

å rcb `rw{b

Urnss`cob

ZNN# [îrfnîs




Ncw`cfnkndnwî

gbs g{hnws

Dbs mbs{bs {bsw{nownzbs u{nsbs å d„îf`{g gb db{s knbcs obssb{hcw `ssn {ùn-gbmbcw pb uhssnkdb ù{ás d` c gbs ahswndnwîs$ ohch{mîmbcw å d` dîfnsd`wnhcgb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

_BOWNHC NNNb{{nwhn{bshooruîs

@nod 76Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs pn sb w{hzbcw g`cs c wb{{nwhn{b hoouî cb sb-{hcw u{nzîbs$ bc òc o`s cn g„òcb m`cná{b$ g kîcîob gb d` u{îsbcwb

Ohczbcwnhc$ shnw bc zb{w g„c oa`cfbmbcw pbdohcpb ncwb{zbc g `nw gbd„hoou`wnhc g`cs dbs ncswnwwnhcs h db fhzb{cbmbcw g wb{{nwhn{b bc pbs-wnhc$ shnw u`{ c òoh{g u`ssî bcw{b dbs `wh{nwîs g wb{{nwhn{b hoouî bw dÙnss`cob hoou`cwb$ shnw bcoh{b bc {`nshc gb d„`ccbqnhc u`{ obwwb gb{cná{bgb whw h u`{wnb g wb{{nwhn{b hoouî#

@nod 71Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs chc {bssh{wnss`cwbs gb d` Unss`cob ghcw db wb{{n-whn{b bsw hoouî$ uh{{hcw sb u{îz`dhn{ g g{hnw gb pnwwb{ db wb{{nwhn{b `qohcgnwnhcs u{îzbs å d„`{wnodb ?2 bw dbs gîonsnhcs sb{hcw u{nsbs sbdhc d` u{hoî-g{b pb d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb ghnw ncswnwb{ ohch{mîmbcw `gnw `{wnodb#

@nod 7>Dbs w{`csb{ws h{oîs$ bc m`ssb h ncgnzngbds$ `ncsn pb dbs gîuh{w`wnhcs gbub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs ah{s g wb{{nwhn{b hoouî g`cs db wb{{nwhn{b gb d` Uns-s`cob hoou`cwb h g`cs obdn gb whw `w{b w`w$ hoouî h chc$ shcw ncwb{-gnws$ pbd p„bc shnw db mhwn#

Whwbhns$ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb uh{{` u{hoîgb{ å d„îzò`wnhc whw`db hu`{wnbddb g„cb {îfnhc hoouîb gîwb{mncîb$ sn d` sîo{nwî gb d` uhud`wnhc hg„nmuî{nbsbs {`nshcs mndnw`n{bs d„bqnfbcw# Dbs îzò`wnhcs cb uh{{hcw bc-w{`ãcb{ db gîudòbmbcw gb ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs p„å d„ncwî{nb{ g wb{{nwhn{bhoouî$ s` bc o`s g„nmuhssnkndnwî m`wî{nbddb# D` uhud`wnhc `ncsn îzòîbsb{` {`mbcîb g`cs sbs h~b{s ssnw÷w pb dbs ahswndnwîs g`cs ob sbowb{ {hcwu{ns c#

D` Unss`cob hoou`cwb$ bc u{hoîg`cw å obs w{`csb{ws h å obs îzò`wnhcs$

gbz{` `n{b bc sh{wb$ g`cs whwb d` mbs{b g uhssnkdb$ pb dbs ub{shccbsu{hwîfîbs shnbcw òobnddnbs g`cs gbs ncsw`dd`wnhcs ohczbc`kdbs$ pb dbs gî-udòbmbcws shnbcw bbowîs g`cs gbs ohcgnwnhcs s`wns`ns`cwbs gb s`dk{nwî$g„a~fnácb$ gb sîo{nwî bw g„`dnmbcw`wnhc bw pb dbs mbmk{bs g„cb mìmb `-mnddb cb shnbcw u`s sîu`{îs dbs cs gbs `w{bs#

O`s suîon`rq

gb {ù`w{nb-

mbcw

Gîuh{w`wnhcs$

w{`csb{ws$

îzòr`wnhcs



06: 7b OhczBcwnhc

D` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob sb{` nch{mîb gbs w{`csb{ws bw îzò`wnhcs gásp„nds `{hcw b dnb#

D` Unss`cob hoou`cwb cb uh{{` {bwbcn{ dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs g`cs cb

{îfnhc u`{wnodná{bmbcw bquhsîb `q g`cfb{s gb d` fb{{b$ s` sn d` sîo{nwîgb d` uhud`wnhc h g„nmuî{nbsbs {`nshcs mndnw`n{bs d„bqnfbcw#

D` Unss`cob hoou`cwb cb uh{{` u{hoîgb{ å d` gîuh{w`wnhc h ` w{`csb{wg„cb u`{wnb gb s` u{hu{b uhud`wnhc onzndb g`cs db wb{{nwhn{b hoouî u`{ bddb#

@nod 25D` Unss`cob hoou`cwb òndnwb{`$ `zbo db ohcoh{s gbs `wh{nwîs c`wnhc`dbsbw dho`dbs$ db khc hcownhccbmbcw gbs îw`kdnssbmbcws ohcsò{îs `q shncs bw

å d„îgo`wnhc gbs bc`cws#

Bddb u{bcg{` whwbs dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ òndnwb{ d„ngbcwno`wnhc gbsbc`cws bw d„bc{bfnsw{bmbcw gb db{ dn`wnhc# Bddb cb uh{{`$ bc òc o`s$u{hoîgb{ å cb mhgno`wnhc gb db{ sw`ww ub{shccbd$ cn dbs bc{÷db{ g`cs gbsh{m`wnhcs h h{f`cns`wnhcs gîubcg`cw g„bddb#

_n dbs ncswnwwnhcs dho`dbs shcw gî`ndd`cwbs$ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb gbz{ù{bcg{b gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs uh{ `ss{b{ d„bcw{bwnbc bw d„îgo`wnhc$ sn uhssnkdbu`{ gbs ub{shccbs gb db{s c`wnhc`dnwî$ d`cfb bw {bdnfnhc$ gbs bc`cws h{uab-dncs h sîu`{îs gb db{s u`{bcws g `nw gb d` fb{{b$ bc d„`ksbcob g„c u{hoabu`{bcw h g„c `mn pn uh{{`nw ~ uh{zhn{#

rcb sbownhc suîon`db g k{b` o{îî bc zb{w gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`{wnodb 0?:sb{` oa`{fîb gb u{bcg{b whwbs dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ ngbcwnb{ dbs bc-`cws ghcw d„ngbcwnwî bsw ncob{w`ncb# Dbs ncgno`wnhcs pb d„hc uhssîgb{`nw s{db{s uá{b bw má{b h s{ g„ w{bs u{hoabs u`{bcws sb{hcw whlh{s ohcsnfcîbs#

D` Unss`cob hoou`cwb cb gbz{` u`s bcw{`zb{ d„ùudno`wnhc gbs mbs{bs u{î-

î{bcwnbddbs pn `{`nbcw u ìw{b `ghuwîbs$ `z`cw d„hoou`wnhc$ bc `zb{ gbsbc`cws gb mhncs gb pnc|b cs$ gbs bmmbs bcobncwbs bw gbs má{bs g„bc`cwsgb mhncs gb sbuw `cs$ bc ob pn ohcob{cb d` ch{{nw{b$ dbs shncs mîgno`q bwd` u{hwbownhc ohcw{b dbs bbws gb d` fb{{b#

@nod 20D` Unss`cob hoou`cwb cb uh{{` u`s `sw{bncg{b gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs åsb{zn{ g`cs sbs h{obs `{mîbs h `qndn`n{bs# Whwb u{bssnhc h u{hu`f`cgbwbcg`cw å gbs bcf`fbmbcws zhdhcw`n{bs bsw u{hankîb#

Bddb cb uh{{` `sw{bncg{b ` w{`z`nd gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs pb sn bddbs shcwëfîbs gb uds gb gnq-anw `cs 9 nd cb uh{{` s„ fn{ whwbhns pb gb w{`z`qcîobss`n{bs `q kbshncs gb d„`{mîb g„hoou`wnhc h `q sb{znobs g„ncwî{ìwukdno$ å d„`dnmbcw`wnhc$ ` dhfbmbcw$ å d„a`knddbmbcw$ `q w{`csuh{ws h å d`s`cwî gb d` uhud`wnhc g u`~s hoouî# Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs cb uh{{hcw

Bc{÷dbmbcw#

W{`z`nd

Bc`cws




ìw{b `sw{bncwbs å òc w{`z`nd pn dbs hkdnfb{`nw å u{bcg{b u`{w å gbs huî-{`wnhcs mndnw`n{bs# D` Unss`cob hoou`cwb cb uh{{` ohcw{`ncg{b dbs ub{-shccbs u{hwîfîbs å `ss{b{ u`{ d` h{ob d` sîo{nwî gbs ncsw`dd`wnhcs hþ bddbs

bqîowbcw c w{`z`nd nmuhsî#Db w{`z`nd cb sb{` bqîowî p„å d„ncwî{nb{ g wb{{nwhn{b hoouî hþ dbs ub{-shccbs ghcw nd s„`fnw sb w{hzbcw# Oa`pb ub{shccb {bpnsb sb{`$ g`cs d` mb-s{b g uhssnkdb$ m`ncwbcb å shc dnb a`knwbd gb w{`z`nd# Db w{`z`nd sb{`îpnw`kdbmbcw {îmcî{î bw u{huh{wnhccî q oùònwîs ua~snpbs bw ncwbddbo-wbddbs gbs w{`z`nddb{s# D` dîfnsd`wnhc bc znfb{ g`cs db u`~s hoouî ohcob{-c`cw dbs ohcgnwnhcs gb w{`z`nd bw dbs mbs{bs gb u{hwbownhc$ chw`mmbcw bcob pn ohcob{cb db s`d`n{b$ d` g{îb g w{`z`nd$ d„îpnubmbcw$ d` h{m`wnhc

u{î`d`kdb bw d` {îu`{`wnhc gbs òongbcws g w{`z`nd bw gbs m`d`gnbs u{hbssnhc-cbddbs$ sb{` ùudno`kdb `q ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs shmnsbs `q w{`z`q ghcw ndbsw pbswnhc ` u{îsbcw `{wnodb#

Bc whw îw`w gb o`sb$ dbs {îpnsnwnhcs gb m`nc-g„şz{b cb uh{{hcw l`m`ns`khwn{ å cb mhkndns`wnhc gb w{`z`nddb{s udòîs shs {îfnmb mndnw`n{b hsbmn-mndnw`n{b#

@nod 2;

oc ohcw{`w$ òoh{g h {áfdbmbcw cb uh{{` uh{wb{ `wwbncwb ` g{hnw gboa`pb w{`z`nddb{$ zhdhcw`n{b h chc$ hþ p„nd sb w{hzb$ gb s„`g{bssb{ `q{bu{îsbcw`cws gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob uh{ gbm`cgb{ d„ncwb{zbcwnhc gbobddb-on#

Whwb mbs{b wbcg`cw å u{hzhpb{ db oa÷m`fb h å {bsw{bncg{b dbs uhssn-kndnwîs gb w{`z`nd gbs w{`z`nddb{s g„c u`~s hoouî$ bc zb gb dbs `mbcb{ åw{`z`nddb{ uh{ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb$ bsw ncwb{gnwb#

@nod 2?Nd bsw ncwb{gnw å d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb gb gîw{n{b gbs knbcs mhkndnb{s hnmmhkndnb{s$ ùu`{wbc`cw ncgnzngbddbmbcw h ohddbownzbmbcw å gbs ub{-shccbs u{nzîbs$ å d„w`w h å gbs ohddbownznwîs ukdnpbs$ å gbs h{f`cns`wnhcsshon`dbs h ohhuî{`wnzbs$ s` g`cs dbs o`s hþ obs gbsw{ownhcs sb{`nbcw {bc-gbs `kshdmbcw cîobss`n{bs u`{ dbs huî{`wnhcs mndnw`n{bs#

@nod 27Nd bsw ncwb{gnw å d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb gb mhgnb{ db sw`ww gbs hcownhc-c`n{bs h gbs m`fnsw{`ws g wb{{nwhn{b hoouî h gb u{bcg{b å db{ îf`{g gbss`cownhcs h gbs mbs{bs pbdohcpbs gb ohb{onwnhc h gb gnso{nmnc`wnhcu`{ob p„nds s„`kswnbcg{`nbcw g„bqb{ob{ db{s hcownhcs uh{ gbs ohcsngî{`-wnhcs gb ohcsonbcob#

U{hwbownhcgbs

w{`z`nddbr{s

Gbsw{rownhcs

ncwb{gnwbs

M`fnsw{`ws

bw hcownhc-

c`n{bs



061 7b OhczBcwnhc

Obwwb gb{cná{b ncwb{gnownhc cb `nw u`s hkswòdb å d„ùudno`wnhc g gbqnámb`dncî` gb d„`{wnodb 20# Bddb d`nssb ncwòw db uhzhn{ gb d` Unss`cob hoou`cwbg„îo`{wb{ gb db{s oa`{fbs dbs wnwd`n{bs gb hcownhcs ukdnpbs#

@nod 22G`cs whwb d` mbs{b gb sbs mh~bcs$ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb ` db gbzhn{ g„ ss-{b{ d„ uu{hznsnhccbmbcw gb d` uhud`wnhc bc znz{bs bw bc u{hgnws mîgno`q 9 bddbgbz{` chw`mmbcw nmuh{wb{ dbs znz{bs$ dbs h{cnw{bs mîgno`dbs bw whw w{b {-wnodb cîobss`n{b dh{spb dbs {bssh{obs g wb{{nwhn{b hoouî sb{hcw ncss`cwbs#

D` Unss`cob hoou`cwb cb uh{{` {îpnsnwnhccb{ gbs znz{bs$ gbs `{wnodbsh gbs h{cnw{bs mîgno`dbs sb w{hz`cw bc wb{{nwhn{b hoouî pb uh{ dbs

h{obs bw d„`gmncnsw{`wnhc g„hoou`wnhc 9 bddb gbz{` wbcn{ ohmuwb gbs kbshncsgb d` uhud`wnhc onzndb# _hs {îsb{zb gbs swnud`wnhcs g„`w{bs ohczbcwnhcsncwb{c`wnhc`dbs$ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb gbz{` u{bcg{b dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs cî-obss`n{bs uh{ pb whwb {îpnsnwnhc shnw ncgbmcnsîb å s` lswb z`db{#

Dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs uh{{hcw$ bc whw wbmus$ zî{nb{ s`cs bcw{`zbd„îw`w gb d„ùu{hznsnhccbmbcw bc znz{bs bw mîgno`mbcws g`cs dbs wb{{nwhn{bshoouîs$ shs {îsb{zb gbs {bsw{nownhcs wbmuh{`n{bs pn sb{`nbcw nmuhsîbs u`{g„nmuî{nbsbs cîobssnwîs mndnw`n{bs#

@nod 2:G`cs whwb d` mbs{b gb sbs mh~bcs$ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb ` db gbzhn{ g„`s-s{b{ bw gb m`ncwbcn{ `zbo db ohcoh{s gbs `wh{nwîs c`wnhc`dbs bw dho`dbs$dbs îw`kdnssbmbcws bw dbs sb{znobs mîgno`q bw ahsunw`dnb{s$ `ncsn pb d` s`cwîbw d„a~fnácb ukdnpbs g`cs db wb{{nwhn{b hoouî$ chw`mmbcw bc `ghuw`cw bwbc ùudnp`cw dbs mbs{bs u{hua~dòwnpbs bw u{îzbcwnzbs cîobss`n{bs uh{ohmk`ww{b d` u{hu`f`wnhc gbs m`d`gnbs ohcw`fnbsbs bw gbs îungîmnbs# Dbub{shccbd mîgno`d gb whwbs o`wîfh{nbs sb{` `wh{nsî å òohmudn{ s` mnssnhc#

_n gb chzb`q a÷unw`q shcw o{îîs bc wb{{nwhn{b hoouî bw sn dbs h{f`cbsohmuîwbcws gb d„w`w hoouî c„~ shcw uds bc hcownhc$ dbs wh{nwîs g„hoou`-wnhc u{hoîgb{hcw s„nd ~ ` dnb å d` {bohcc`nss`cob u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 01# G`csgbs on{ohcsw`cobs `c`dhfbs$ dbs `wh{nwîs g„hoou`wnhc gbz{hcw îf`dbmbcwu{hoîgb{ å d` {bohcc`nss`cob g ub{shccbd gbs a÷unw`q bw gbs zîanodbs gbw{`csuh{w bc zb{w gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gbs `{wnodbs ;5 bw ;0#

Bc `ghuw`cw dbs mbs{bs gb s`cwî bw g„a~fnácb$ `ncsn p„bc dbs mbww`cw bc

znfb{$ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb wnbcg{` ohmuwb gbs bqnfbcobs mh{`dbs bwîwanpbs gb d` uhud`wnhc g wb{{nwhn{b hoouî#

@nod 26D` Unss`cob hoou`cwb cb uh{{` {îpnsnwnhccb{ dbs a÷unw`q onznds pbwbmuh{`n{bmbcw bw p„bc o`s gb cîobssnwî {fbcwb$ uh{ shnfcb{ gbs kdbssîs bw

[îprnsnwnhc

gbs a÷unw`rq

A~fnácb

bw s`cwî

urkdnprbs

[`znw`nddb-

mbcw gb d`

uhurd`wnhc




@ssnsw`cob

sun{nwrbddb

_bohr{s

N# _bohr{s

ohddbowns

gbs m`d`gbs mndnw`n{bs$ bw å d` ohcgnwnhc pb dbs mbs{bs ùu{hu{nîbs shnbcwu{nsbs bc wbmus wndb uh{ `ss{b{ dbs shncs bw db w{`nwbmbcw gbs ub{shccbsahsunw`dnsîbs bw {îuhcg{b `q kbshncs gb d` uhud`wnhc onzndb#

Db m`wî{nbd bw dbs gîu÷ws gbs a÷unw`q onznds cb uh{{hcw ìw{b {îpnsnwnhccîs$w`cw p„nds sb{hcw cîobss`n{bs `q kbshncs gb d` uhud`wnhc onzndb#

@nod 21D` Unss`cob hoou`cwb ub{mbww{` `q mncnsw{bs gbs odwbs g„`ss{b{ d„`ssns-w`cob sun{nwbddb gb db{s oh{bdnfnhcc`n{bs#

Bddbs òobuwb{` îf`dbmbcw dbs bczhns gb dnz{bs bw g„hklbws cîobss`n{bs `q kb-shncs {bdnfnbq bw òndnwb{` db{ gnsw{nkwnhc bc wb{{nwhn{b hoouî#

@nod 2>Dh{spb d` uhud`wnhc g„c wb{{nwhn{b hoouî h cb u`{wnb gb obddb-on bsw nc-ss`mmbcw ùu{hznsnhccîb$ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb òobuwb{` dbs òwnhcsgb sboh{s `nwbs bc `zb{ gb obwwb uhud`wnhc bw dbs òndnwb{` g`cs whwb d`mbs{b gb sbs mh~bcs#

Obs òwnhcs$ pn uh{{hcw ìw{b bcw{bu{nsbs shnw u`{ gbs w`ws$ shnw u`{ c h{-f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b nmu`{wn`d$ wbd pb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-

[hfb$ ohcsnswb{hcw chw`mmbcw bc gbs bczhns gb znz{bs$ u{hgnws mîgno`qbw zìwbmbcws#

Whs dbs w`ws ohcw{òw`cws gbz{hcw `wh{nsb{ db dnk{b u`ss`fb gb obs bczhns bwbc `ss{b{ d` u{hwbownhc#

rcb Unss`cob òoh{g`cw db dnk{b u`ss`fb g„bczhns gbswncîs å c wb{{nwhn{bhoouî u`{ cb U`{wnb `gzb{sb ` ohcjnw `{` whwbhns db g{hnw gb zî{nb{dbs bczhns$ gb {îfdbmbcwb{ db{ u`ss`fb sbdhc gbs ah{`n{bs bw nwncî{`n{bs u{bs-o{nws$ bw g„hkwbcn{ gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob cb `ss{`cob ss`cwb pbobs bczhns shcw gbswncîs å sboh{n{ d` uhud`wnhc g`cs db kbshnc$ bw cb shcwu`s wndnsîs ` u{hw gb d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb#

@nod :5Dbs bczhns gb sboh{s cb gîf`fb{hcw bc {nbc d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb gbs {bs-uhcs`kndnwîs pb dn nmuhsbcw dbs `{wnodbs 22$ 2: bw 2># Bddb cb uh{{` gîwh{-cb{ g„òcb m`cná{b dbs bczhns gb sboh{s gb d„`bow`wnhc pn db{ ` îwî`ssnfcîb$ s` g`cs dbs o`s gb cîobssnwî {fbcwb$ g`cs d„ncwî{ìw gb d` uhud`-

wnhc g wb{{nwhn{b hoouî bw `zbo d„`ssbcwnmbcw gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob#

@nod :0D` gnsw{nkwnhc gbs bczhns gb sboh{s mbcwnhccîs `q `{wnodbs pn u{îoágbcwsb{` `nwb `zbo db ohcoh{s bw shs db ohcw{÷db gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob# Obwwb

NN# Hkdnf`wnhcs

gb

d` Urnss`cob

hooru`cwb

NNN#

Gnsw{nkrwnhc






NN# Urkdno`wnhc

NNN# W{nkrc`rq

ohmuîwbcws

NZ# Gnsuhsn-

wnhcs uudn-

o`kdbs

D` Unss`cob hoou`cwb uh{{` whwbhns shmbww{b d` uhud`wnhc g wb{{nwhn{bhoouî å gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs pn shcw ncgnsubcs`kdbs uh{ dn ub{mbww{b gb {bmudn{sbs hkdnf`wnhcs gîohd`cw gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ bw g„`ss{b{ d„`gmncnsw{`-

wnhc {îfdná{b g wb{{nwhn{b `ncsn pb d` sîo{nwî shnw gb d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb$shnw gbs mbmk{bs bw gbs knbcs gbs h{obs h gb d„`gmncnsw{`wnhc g„hoou`wnhc`ncsn pb gbs îw`kdnssbmbcws bw gbs dnfcbs gb ohmmcno`wnhcs wndnsîs u`{ bddb#

@nod :2Dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs uîc`dbs îgnowîbs u`{ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb c„bcw{b{hcw bc znfb{ p„ u{ás `zhn{ îwî ukdnîbs bw uh{wîbs å d` ohcc`nss`cob gb d` uhud`-wnhc$ g`cs d` d`cfb gb obddb-on# Bddbs cb ubzbcw u`s `zhn{ c bbw {îw{hòwn#

@nod ::D` Unss`cob hoou`cwb uh{{`$ bc o`s g„nc{òwnhc `q gnsuhsnwnhcs uîc`dbsu{hmdfîbs u`{ bddb bc zb{w g gbqnámb `dncî` gb d„`{wnodb :7$ gîî{b{ dbsncoduîs å sbs w{nkc`q mndnw`n{bs$ chc uhdnwnpbs bw {îfdná{bmbcw ohcswn-wîs$ å ohcgnwnhc pb obq-on snáfbcw g`cs db u`~s hoouî# Dbs w{nkc`q gb{boh{s snîfb{hcw gb u{îî{bcob g`cs db u`~s hoouî#

@nod :6

Dbs w{nkc`q cb uh{{hcw ùudnpb{ pb dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs dîf`dbs `cwî{nb{bså d„nc{òwnhc bw ohch{mbs `q u{nconubs fîcî{`q g g{hnw$ chw`mmbcw bcob pn ohcob{cb db u{nconub gb d` u{huh{wnhcc`dnwî gbs ubncbs# Nds gbz{hcwu{bcg{b bc ohcsngî{`wnhc db `nw pb db u{îzbc c„bsw u`s c {bssh{wnss`cw gbd` Unss`cob hoou`cwb#

@nod :1Dh{sp„cb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb ohmmbw cb nc{òwnhc cnpbmbcw g`cs

db gbssbnc gb cn{b å d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb$ m`ns pb obwwb nc{òwnhc cbuh{wb u`s `wwbncwb å d` znb h å d„ncwîf{nwî oh{uh{bddb gbs mbmk{bs gbs h{obsh gb d„`gmncnsw{`wnhc g„hoou`wnhc$ p„bddb cb o{îb u`s c g`cfb{ ohddbown sî{nbq bw p„bddb cb uh{wb u`s cb `wwbncwb f{`zb `q knbcs gbs h{obs h gbd„`gmncnsw{`wnhc g„hoou`wnhc h `q ncsw`dd`wnhcs wndnsîbs u`{ bddbs$ obwwbub{shccb bsw u`ssnkdb gb d„ ncwb{cbmbcw h g snmudb bmu{nshccbmbcw$ îw`cwbcwbcg pb d` g{îb gb obw ncwb{cbmbcw h gb obw bmu{nshccbmbcw sb{` u{h-uh{wnhccbddb å d„nc{òwnhc ohmmnsb# Bc hw{b$ d„ncwb{cbmbcw h d„bmu{nshc-cbmbcw sb{` uh{ gb wbddbs nc{òwnhcs d` sbdb mbs{b u{nz`wnzb gb dnkb{wî pnuh{{` ìw{b u{nsb å d„îf`{g gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs# Dbs w{nkc`q u{îzs åd„`{wnodb :: gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc uh{{hcw dnk{bmbcw ohczb{wn{ d` ubncbg„bmu{nshccbmbcw bc cb mbs{b g„ncwb{cbmbcw gb mìmb g{îb#

Dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs g„h{g{b uîc`d u{hmdfîbs u`{ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwbohch{mîmbcw `q `{wnodbs :7 bw :2 cb ubzbcw u{îzhn{ d` ubncb gb mh{w å

Z# Ubncbs#

Ubncb gbmh{w



01; 7b OhczBcwnhc

d„îf`{g gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs pb g`cs dbs o`s hþ obddbs-on shcw ohu`kdbsg„bsunhcc`fb$ g„òwbs f{`zbs gb s`khw`fb gbs ncsw`dd`wnhcs mndnw`n{bs gb dÙnss`cob hoou`cwb h g„nc{òwnhcs ncwbcwnhccbddbs pn hcw o`sî d` mh{w

g„cb h udsnb{s ub{shccbs bw å ohcgnwnhc pb d` dîfnsd`wnhc g wb{{nwhn{bhoouî$ bc znfb{ `z`cw db gîkw gb d„hoou`wnhc$ u{îzhnb d` ubncb gb mh{wg`cs gb wbds o`s#

D` ubncb gb mh{w cb uh{{` ìw{b u{hchcoîb ohcw{b cb ub{shccb u{hwîfîbpb sn d„`wwbcwnhc g w{nkc`d ` îwî u`{wnodná{bmbcw `wwn{îb s{ db `nw pbd„òosî$ c„îw`cw u`s c {bssh{wnss`cw gb d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb$ c„bsw dnî åobddb-on u`{ òc gbzhn{ gb gîdnwî#

Bc òc o`s d` ubncb gb mh{w cb uh{{` ìw{b u{hchcoîb ohcw{b cb ub{-

shccb u{hwîfîb$ ëfîb gb mhncs gb gnq-anw `cs ` mhmbcw gb d„ nc{òwnhc#

@nod :>G`cs whs dbs o`s$ d` g{îb gb d` gîwbcwnhc u{îzbcwnzb sb{` gîgnwb gb whwbubncb g„bmu{nshccbmbcw å d`pbddb cb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb u{îzbcb uh{-{`nw ìw{b ohcg`mcîb#

@nod 65

Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs cb uh{{hcw u`s ìw{b `{{ìwîbs$ uh{snznbs hohcg`mcîbs u`{ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb uh{ gbs òwbs ohmmns h uh{ gbshuncnhcs bqu{nmîbs `z`cw d„hoou`wnhc h ubcg`cw cb ncwb{{uwnhc wbmuh-{`n{b gb obddb-on shs {îsb{zb gbs nc{òwnhcs q dhns bw ohwmbs gb d` fb{{b#

Dbs {bssh{wnss`cws gb d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb pn$ `z`cw db gîkw g ohcjnw$`{`nbcw oab{oaî {bfb s{ db wb{{nwhn{b hoouî cb uh{{hcw ìw{b `{{ìwîs$uh{snzns$ ohcg`mcîs h gîuh{wîs ah{s g wb{{nwhn{b hoouî$ pb uh{ gbsnc{òwnhcs ohmmnsbs gbuns db gîkw gbs ahswndnwîs h uh{ gbs gîdnws gb g{hnw

ohmmc ohmmns `z`cw db gîkw gbs ahswndnwîs pn$ sbdhc db g{hnw gb d„w`w ghcwdb wb{{nwhn{b bsw hoouî$ `{`nbcw lswnî d„bqw{`gnwnhc bc wbmus gb u`nq#

@nod 60Dbs w{nkc`q ohmuîwbcws gb d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb cb uh{{hcw u{hchcob{òcb ohcg`mc`wnhc pn c„ nw îwî u{îoîgîb g„c u{hoás {îfdnb{#

Whw u{îzbc uh{snzn u`{ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb sb{` nch{mî s`cs {bw`{g$u`{ îo{nw$ g`cs cb d`cfb p„nd ohmu{bccb$ gbs gîw`nds gbs oabs g„òos`-

wnhc {bwbcs ohcw{b dn 9 s` o`sb sb{` ncsw{nwb db uds {ùngbmbcw uhssnkdb#D` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob sb{` nch{mîb gb oa`pb uh{snwb ncwbcwîb u`{ dÙnss`cob hoou`cwb ohcw{b gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs dh{spb dbs oabs g„ò-os`wnhc uh{{hcw bcw{`ãcb{ cb ohcg`mc`wnhc å mh{w h cb ubncb g„bm-u{nshccbmbcw uh{ gbq `cs h uds 9 bddb uh{{` bc whw wbmus s„nch{mb{

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017 7b OhczBcwnhc

@nod 67Dbs {bu{îsbcw`cws gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob `{hcw db g{hnw g„`ssnswb{ åd„`gnbcob gb whw w{nkc`d lfb`cw cb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb$ s` sn dbs gî-

k`ws ghnzbcw$ bqobuwnhccbddbmbcw$ `zhn{ dnb å ans odhs g`cs d„ncwî{ìw gb d`sîo{nwî gb d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb 9 obddb-on bc `znsb{`nw `dh{s d` Unss`cobu{hwbow{nob# rcb chwno`wnhc ohcwbc`cw d„ncgno`wnhc g dnb bw gb d` g`wb gbd„hzb{w{b gbs gîk`ws gbz{` ìw{b bczh~îb å d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob#

Whs dbs lfbmbcws {bcgs$ nmudnp`cw d` ubncb gb mh{w h d„bmu{nshc-cbmbcw uh{ gbq `cs h uds$ sb{hcw ohmmcnpîs$ `zbo ncgno`wnhc gbsmhwns bw db uds {ùngbmbcw uhssnkdb$ å d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob 9 nds ohmuh{-wb{hcw cb mbcwnhc gb d` chwno`wnhc bbowîb ohch{mîmbcw å d„`{wnodb 60

bw$ bc o`s gb lfbmbcw nmudnp`cw cb ubncb u{nz`wnzb gb dnkb{wî$ d„ncgno`wnhcg dnb hþ bddb sb{` u{fîb# Dbs `w{bs lfbmbcws sb{hcw ohcsnfcîs g`cs dbsu{hoás-zb{k`q g w{nkc`d bw uh{{hcw ìw{b bq`mncîs u`{ dbs {bu{îsbcw`cwsgb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob# G`cs db o`s g„cb ohcg`mc`wnhc å d` ubncb gbmh{w h å cb ubncb u{nz`wnzb gb dnkb{wî gb gbq `cs h uds$ dbs gîd`ns gb{boh{s cb ohmmbcob{hcw å oh{n{ p„å u`{wn{ g mhmbcw hþ d` Unss`cobu{hwbow{nob `{` {bæ ohmmcno`wnhc g lfbmbcw#

@nod 62Bc òc o`s$ dbs ub{shccbs ohcg`mcîbs å mh{w cb sb{hcw u{nzîbs g g{hnwgb {boh{n{ bc f{ëob#

ocb ohcg`mc`wnhc å mh{w cb sb{` bqîowîb `z`cw d„bqun{`wnhc g„c gîd`ng„` mhncs snq mhns å u`{wn{ g mhmbcw hþ d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob `{`{bæ d` ohmmcno`wnhc g lfbmbcw gîcnwn ohc{m`cw obwwb ohcg`mc`-wnhc å mh{w h gb d` gîonsnhc {bs`cw obwwb f{ëob#

Ob gîd`n gb snq mhns uh{{` ìw{b `k{îfî g`cs ob{w`ncs o`s u{îons$ dh{sp„nd {î-

sdwb gb on{ohcsw`cobs f{`zbs bw o{nwnpbs pb d` sîo{nwî gb d` Unss`cob hoo-u`cwb h gb sbs h{obs {mîbs bsw bquhsîb å cb mbcòb h{f`cnsîb 9 d` Unss`cobu{hwbow{nob {bobz{` whlh{s chwno`wnhc gb obwwb {îgownhc gb gîd`n$ bddb `{`whlh{s d` uhssnkndnwî g„`g{bssb{ bc wbmus wndb gbs {bu{îsbcw`wnhcs ` slbw gbobs ohcg`mc`wnhcs å mh{w `q `wh{nwîs g„hoou`wnhc ohmuîwbcwbs#

@nod 6:Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs ncoduîbs sb{hcw gîwbcbs g`cs db u`~s hoouî bw snbddbs shcw ohcg`mcîbs$ bddbs gbz{hcw ~ u{fb{ db{ ubncb# Bddbs sb{hcw sîu`{îbssn uhssnkdb gbs `w{bs gîwbcs bw shmnsbs å c {îfnmb `dnmbcw`n{b bw a~fnî-cnpb ss`cw uh{ dbs m`ncwbcn{ g`cs c khc îw`w gb s`cwî bw oh{{bsuhcg`cw` mhncs ` {îfnmb gbs îw`kdnssbmbcws uîcnwbcwn`n{bs g u`~s hoouî#

Bddbs {bobz{hcw dbs shncs mîgno`q bqnfîs u`{ db{ îw`w gb s`cwî#

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Bddbs sb{hcw îf`dbmbcw `wh{nsîbs å {bobzhn{ d„`ngb sun{nwbddb p„bddbs uh{-{`nbcw shddnonwb{#

Dbs bmmbs sb{hcw dhfîbs g`cs gbs dho`q sîu`{îs bw udòîbs shs d` s{-

zbndd`cob nmmîgn`wb gb bmmbs#

Nd sb{` wbc ohmuwb g {îfnmb suîon`d u{îz uh{ dbs mncb{s#

Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs gîwbcbs `{hcw db g{hnw gb {bobzhn{ d` znsnwb gbsgîdîfîs gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob bw g Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb$ ohch{mîmbcw `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d „ {wnodb 07?#

Bc hw{b$ bddbs `{hcw db g{hnw gb {bobzhn{ ` mhncs c ohdns gb sboh{s u`{mhns#

@nod 66Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs ncoduîbs h ohcg`mcîbs u`{ dbs w{nkc`q bcwb{{nwhn{b hoouî sb{hcw {bmnsbs$ å d` c gb d„hoou`wnhc$ `zbo db ghssnb{ dbsohcob{c`cw$ `q `wh{nwîs g wb{{nwhn{b dnkî{î#

@nod 61_n d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb bswnmb cîobss`n{b$ uh{ g„nmuî{nbsbs {`nshcs gbsîo{nwî$ gb u{bcg{b gbs mbs{bs gb s{bwî å d„îf`{g gb ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs$bddb uh{{` whw ` uds db{ nmuhsb{ cb {îsngbcob h{oîb h u{hoîgb{ å db{ncwb{cbmbcw#

Dbs gîonsnhcs {bd`wnzbs å d` {îsngbcob h{oîb h å d„ncwb{cbmbcw sb{hcw u{nsbssnz`cw cb u{hoîg{b {îfdná{b pn gbz{` ìw{b qîb u`{ d` Unss`cob ho-ou`cwb$ ohch{mîmbcw `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc# Obwwbu{hoîg{b ghnw u{îzhn{ db g{hnw g„ùubd gbs ncwî{bssîs# Nd sb{` sw`wî ` slbwgb obw ùubd g`cs db uds k{b gîd`n uhssnkdb# _n dbs gîonsnhcs shcw m`ncwbcbs$bddbs sb{hcw d„hklbw g„cb {îznsnhc uî{nhgnpb$ sn uhssnkdb sbmbsw{nbddb$ u`{ dbsshncs g„c h{f`cnsmb ohmuîwbcw ohcswnwî u`{ d`gnwb Unss`cob#

Dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs `sslbwwnbs å d` {îsngbcob h{oîb bw ohcw{`ncwbs bcohcsîpbcob gb pnwwb{ db{ ghmnondb kîcîonb{hcw s`cs òcb {bsw{nownhcgbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d „ {wnodb ?> gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#



01: 7b OhczBcwnhc

_BOWNHC NZfdbs{bdwnzbsrw{nwbmbcwgbsncwb{cîs

OA@UNW[B NG

@nod 6>Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw cb uh{{hcw ncwb{cb{ gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs pbohch{mîmbcw `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gbs `{wnodbs 70$ 7;$ 7?$ :1 bw 61#

@nod 15Dbs ncwb{cîs ohcsb{zb{hcw db{ udbncb oùònwî onzndb bw bqb{ob{hcw dbs g{hnwspn bc gîohdbcw g`cs d` mbs{b ohmu`wnkdb `zbo db{ sw`ww g„ncwb{cîs#

@nod 10Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw pn ncwb{cb{hcw gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs sb{hcw wbcbsgb uh{zhn{ f{`wnwbmbcw å db{ bcw{bwnbc bw gb db{ òoh{gb{ gb mìmb dbsshncs mîgno`q pb cîobssnwb db{ îw`w gb s`cwî#

ocb gîgownhc cb sb{` `nwb s{ dbs `ddho`wnhcs$ s`d`n{bs h o{î`cobs gbsncwb{cîs uh{ db {bmkh{sbmbcw gb obs {`ns#

D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gbz{` uh{zhn{ å d„bcw{bwnbc gbs ub{shccbs gîubc-g`cw gbs ncwb{cîs$ sn bddbs shcw s`cs mh~bcs ss`cws gb sksnsw`cob h nco`-u`kdbs gb f`fcb{ bddbs-mìmbs db{ znb#

@nod 1;D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob f{hub{` g`cs d` mbs{b g uhssnkdb dbs ncwb{cîssbdhc db{ c`wnhc`dnwî$ db{ d`cfb bw db{s ohwmbs# Dbs ncwb{cîs {bssh{wns-s`cws g mìmb u`~s cb sb{hcw u`s sîu`{îs uh{ db sbd `nw g„cb gnzb{snwî gbd`cfb#

Ubcg`cw whwb d` g{îb gb db{ ncwb{cbmbcw$ dbs mbmk{bs g„cb mìmb `-mnddb$ bw bc u`{wnodnb{ dbs u`{bcws bw db{s bc`cws$ sb{hcw {îcns g`cs dbmìmb dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw$ å d„bqobuwnhc gbs o`s hþ dbs kbshncs g w{`z`nd$ gbs{`nshcs gb s`cwî$ h d„ùudno`wnhc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs u{îzbs ` oaùnw{b NQgb d` u{îsbcwb _bownhc {bcg{`nbcw cîobss`n{b cb sîu`{`wnhc wbmuh{`n{b# Dbsncwb{cîs uh{{hcw gbm`cgb{ pb db{s bc`cws$ d`nssîs bc dnkb{wî s`cs s{-

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G`cs whwb d` mbs{b g uhssnkdb$ dbs mbmk{bs ncwb{cîs gb d` mìmb `mnddbsb{hcw {îcns g`cs dbs mìmbs dho`q bw sb{hcw dhfîs sîu`{îmbcw gbs `w{bsncwb{cîs 9 nd gbz{` îf`dbmbcw db{ ìw{b òoh{gî dbs òndnwîs cîobss`n{bs uh{mbcb{ cb znb gb `mnddb#

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@nod 1?D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob cb uh{{` udòb{ dbs dnbq g„ncwb{cbmbcw g`cs gbs{îfnhcs u`{wnodná{bmbcw bquhsîbs `q g`cfb{s gb d` fb{{b#

D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob ohmmcnpb{`$ u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gbs Unss`cobs u{h-wbow{nobs$ `q Unss`cobs bccbmnbs$ whwbs ncgno`wnhcs wndbs s{ d` snw`wnhcfîhf{ùanpb gbs dnbq g„ncwb{cbmbcw#

Oa`pb hns pb dbs ohcsngî{`wnhcs mndnw`n{bs db ub{mbww{hcw$ dbs o`mus g„nc-wb{cbmbcw sb{hcw snfc`dîs u`{ dbs dbww{bs NO udòîbs gb m`cná{b å ìw{b zbs

gb lh{ gnswncowbmbcw g a`w gbs `n{s 9 whwbhns$ dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbsuh{{hcw ohczbcn{ g„c w{b mh~bc gb snfc`dns`wnhc# oc w{b bmudòb-mbcw p„c o`mu g„ncwb{cbmbcw cb uh{{` ìw{b snfc`dnsî gb obwwb m`cná{b#

@nod 17Dbs ncwb{cîs gbz{hcw ìw{b dhfîs bw `gmncnsw{îs sîu`{îmbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gbfb{{b bw gbs ub{shccbs u{nzîbs gb dnkb{wî uh{ whwb `w{b {`nshc#

@nod 12D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob ` db gbzhn{ gb u{bcg{b whwbs dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bsbw uhssnkdbs uh{ pb dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs shnbcw$ gás db gîkw gb db{ncwb{cbmbcw$ dhfîbs g`cs gbs këwnmbcws h o`cwhccbmbcws ghcc`cw whwbsf`{`cwnbs g„a~fnácb bw gb s`dk{nwî bw `ss{`cw cb u{hwbownhc boòb ohcw{bd` {nfb{ g odnm`w bw dbs bbws gb d` fb{{b# Bc òc o`s$ dbs dnbq g„ncwb{-cbmbcw ub{m`cbcw cb sb{hcw snwîs g`cs gbs {îfnhcs m`ds`ncbs h ghcw dbodnm`w sb{`nw ub{cnonbq uh{ dbs ncwb{cîs# G`cs whs dbs o`s hþ bddbs sb{`nbcwwbmuh{`n{bmbcw ncwb{cîbs g`cs cb {îfnhc m`ds`ncb$ h ghcw db odnm`w sb{`nwub{cnonbq uh{ d` s`cwî$ dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs gbz{hcw ìw{b w{`csî{îbs`ssn {ùngbmbcw pb dbs on{ohcsw`cobs db ub{mbww{hcw g`cs c dnb g„ncwb{-cbmbcw hþ obs {nspbs cb sb{hcw u`s å o{`ncg{b#

Dbs dho`q gbz{hcw ìw{b bcwná{bmbcw å d„`k{n gb d„amngnwî$ ss`mmbcwoa`îs bw îod`n{îs$ chw`mmbcw bcw{b d` whmkîb gb d` cnw bw d„bqwncownhcgbs bq# Dbs dnbq gb ohoa`fb gbz{hcw ìw{b ss`mmbcw suònbq bw knbc`î{îs$ dbs ncwb{cîs gnsuhsb{hcw g„c m`wî{nbd gb ohoa`fb ohczbc`kdb bw gbohzb{w{bs bc chmk{b ss`cw$ ohmuwb wbc g odnm`w bw gb d„ëfb$ g sbqbbw gb d„îw`w gb s`cwî gbs ncwb{cîs#

Dbs ncwb{cîs gnsuhsb{hcw lh{ bw cnw g„ncsw`dd`wnhcs s`cnw`n{bs ohch{mbs`q bqnfbcobs gb d„a~fnácb bw m`ncwbcbs bc îw`w ohcsw`cw gb u{hu{bwî# Nd db{sb{` h{cn cb p`cwnwî g„b` bw gb s`zhc ss`cwb uh{ db{ shncs phwn-gnbcs gb u{hu{bwî oh{uh{bddb bw db kd`coanss`fb gb db{ dncfb 9 dbs ncsw`dd`wnhcs



011 7b OhczBcwnhc

bw dbs òndnwîs cîobss`n{bs db{ sb{hcw òoh{gîbs å obw bbw# Nds gnsuhsb{hcw$bc hw{b$ g„ncsw`dd`wnhcs gb ghoabs h gb k`ncs# Db wbmus cîobss`n{b sb{`òoh{gî uh{ db{ shncs g„a~fnácb bw dbs w{`z`q gb cbwwh~`fb#

Oa`pb hns p„nd sb{` cîobss`n{b$ å wnw{b gb mbs{b bqobuwnhccbddb bw wbmuh-{`n{b$ gb dhfb{ gbs bmmbs ncwb{cîbs c„ùu`{wbc`cw u`s å c f{hub `mndn`dg`cs db mìmb dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw pb dbs ahmmbs$ nd gbz{` db{ ìw{b hkdnf`-whn{bmbcw h{cn gbs dnbq gb ohoa`fb bw gbs ncsw`dd`wnhcs s`cnw`n{bs sîu`{îs#

@nod 1:D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob mbww{` å d` gnsuhsnwnhc gbs ncwb{cîs$ pbddb pb shnwdb{ ohcbssnhc$ gbs dho`q ùu{hu{nîs uh{ d„bqb{onob gb db{s odwbs#

@nod 16 mhncs pb dbs ncwb{cîs cb unssbcw gnsuhsb{ g„`w{bs òndnwîs `c`dhfbs$gbs o`cwncbs sb{hcw ncsw`ddîbs g`cs whs dbs dnbq g„ncwb{cbmbcw$ `c p„nds`nbcw d` uhssnkndnwî gb sb u{ho{b{$ å gbs u{nq pn cb gbz{hcw bc òc o`sgîu`ssb{ obq g ohmmb{ob dho`d$ gbs gbc{îbs `dnmbcw`n{bs bw gbs hklbwssbds$ ~ ohmu{ns g s`zhc bw g w`kò$ pn shcw gb c`w{b å òo{hãw{b db{knbc-ìw{b bw db{ ohch{w ub{shccbds#

Dbs kîcîobs gb o`cwncbs sb{hcw zb{sîs ` o{îgnw g„c hcgs suîon`d g„`ssns-w`cob pn sb{` o{îî g`cs oa`pb dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw bw `gmncnsw{î ` u{hwgbs ncwb{cîs g dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw ncwî{bssî# Db ohmnwî g„ncwb{cîs$ u{îz åd„`{wnodb¥05;$ `{` c g{hnw gb {bf`{g s{ d„`gmncnsw{`wnhc gbs o`cwncbs bw s{d` fbswnhc gb ob hcgs#

Dh{s gb d` gnsshdwnhc g„c dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw$ db shdgb o{îgnwb{ g hcgsg„`ssnsw`cob sb{` w{`csî{î ` hcgs g„`ssnsw`cob g„c `w{b dnb g„ncwb{cb-mbcw uh{ ncwb{cîs gb d` mìmb c`wnhc`dnwî h$ sn c wbd dnb c„bqnswb u`s$å c hcgs obcw{`d g„`ssnsw`cob pn sb{` `gmncnsw{î ` kîcîob gb whs dbsncwb{cîs pn {bswbcw ` uhzhn{ gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# Bc o`s gb dnkî-{`wnhc fîcî{`db$ obs kîcîobs sb{hcw ohcsb{zîs u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$s` òoh{g ohcw{`n{b ohcod bcw{b dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbs#

@nod 11G`cs whs dbs dnbq g„ncwb{cbmbcw bquhsîs `q khmk`{gbmbcws `î{nbcs bw`w{bs g`cfb{s gb fb{{b$ sb{hcw ncsw`ddîs gbs `k{ns ùu{hu{nîs bw bc chmk{bss`cw uh{ `ss{b{ d` u{hwbownhc cîobss`n{b# Bc o`s g„`db{wb$ dbs ncwb{cîs

uh{{hcw s„~ {bcg{b db uds {ùngbmbcw uhssnkdb$ å d„bqobuwnhc gb obq g„bcw{bbq pn u`{wnonub{`nbcw å d` u{hwbownhc gb db{s o`cwhccbmbcws ohcw{b obsg`cfb{s# Whwb mbs{b gb u{hwbownhc pn sb{` u{nsb bc `zb{ gb d` uhud`-wnhc db{ sb{` îf`dbmbcw ùudnpîb#

Dbs u{îo`wnhcs ss`cwbs gbz{hcw ìw{b u{nsbs g`cs dbs dnbq g„ncwb{cbmbcwohcw{b dbs g`cfb{s g„ncobcgnb#

Dho`rq uhr{

d„bqb{onob

gbs ordwbs

O`cwncbs

@k{ns$ mbsr{bs

gb u{hwbownhc




A`knddbmbcw

_hncs

mîgno`rq

@dnmbcw`wnhc

OA@UNW[B NNN`

@nod 1>D` {`wnhc `dnmbcw`n{b phwngnbccb gbs ncwb{cîs sb{` ss`cwb bc p`cwnwî$p`dnwî bw z`{nîwî$ uh{ db{ `ss{b{ c îpndnk{b ch{m`d gb s`cwî bw uh{bmuìoab{ dbs w{hkdbs gb o`{bcob 9 nd sb{` wbc ohmuwb îf`dbmbcw g {îfnmb`pbd dbs ncwb{cîs shcw a`knwîs#

Dbs ncwb{cîs {bobz{hcw$ bc hw{b$ dbs mh~bcs g„òohmmhgb{ bq-mìmbs dbssuudîmbcws gb ch{{nw{b ghcw nds gnsuhsb{`nbcw#

Gb d„b` uhw`kdb bc ss`cob db{ sb{` h{cnb# D„s`fb g w`kò sb{` wh{nsî#

Dbs w{`z`nddb{s {bobz{hcw c suudîmbcw gb ch{{nw{b u{huh{wnhccî å d`c`w{b g w{`z`nd p„nds bbowbcw#

Dbs bmmbs bcobncwbs bw bc ohoabs$ bw dbs bc`cws ëfîs gb mhncs gb pnc|b`cs$ {bobz{hcw gbs suudîmbcws gb ch{{nw{b u{huh{wnhccîs å db{s kbshncsua~snhdhfnpbs#

@nod >5Whwbs òndnwîs sb{hcw òoh{gîbs `q ncwb{cîs uh{ sb mcn{ gb zìwbmbcws$gb oa`ss{bs bw gb dncfb gb {boa`cfb$ mhmbcw gb db{ {{bsw`wnhc bw uh{s„bc u{ho{b{ dwî{nb{bmbcw$ sn kbshnc bsw# _n dbs ncwb{cîs cb uhsságbcw u`sgb zìwbmbcws ss`cws uh{ db odnm`w$ bw p„nds cb ubzbcw s„bc u{ho{b{$ dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob db{ bc h{cn{` f{`wnwbmbcw#

Dbs zìwbmbcws$ pb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob h{cn{`nw `q ncwb{cîs bw dbsm`{pbs bqwî{nb{bs p„bddb uh{{`nw uuhsb{ s{ db{s zìwbmbcws$ cb gbz{hcwcn `zhn{ c o`{òwá{b nc`m`cw cn u{ìwb{ ` {ngnodb#

Dbs w{`z`nddb{s gbz{hcw {bobzhn{ cb wbcb gb w{`z`nd$ ~ ohmu{ns dbs zìwb-mbcws gb u{hwbownhc ùu{hu{nîs$ u`{whw hþ d` c`w{b g w{`z`nd d„bqnfb{`#

OA@UNW[B NZa~áq

@nod >0Oa`pb dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw uhssîgb{` cb nc{mb{nb gîp`wb$ udòîb shs d„`-

wh{nwî g„c mîgbonc p`dnî$ hþ dbs ncwb{cîs {bobz{hcw dbs shncs ghcw nds uh{{hcw`zhn{ kbshnc `ncsn p„c {îfnmb `dnmbcw`n{b ùu{hu{nî# Gbs dho`q g„nshdbmbcwsb{hcw {îsb{zîs `q m`d`gbs `wwbncws g„`bownhcs ohcw`fnbsbs h mbcw`dbs#

Dbs bmmbs bc ohoabs bw dbs ncwb{cîs `wwbncws g„cb m`d`gnb f{`zb$ h ghcwd„îw`w cîobssnwb c w{`nwbmbcw suîon`d$ cb ncwb{zbcwnhc oan{{fno`db h



0>5 7b OhczBcwnhc

d„ahsunw`dns`wnhc$ gbz{hcw ìw{b `gmns g`cs whw îw`kdnssbmbcw p`dnî uh{dbs w{`nwb{ bw ~ {bobz{hcw gbs shncs pn cb gbz{hcw u`s ìw{b ncî{nb{s å obqpn shcw ghccîs å d„bcsbmkdb gb d` uhud`wnhc#

Dbs ncwb{cîs sb{hcw w{`nwîs gb u{îî{bcob u`{ c ub{shccbd mîgno`d gb db{c`wnhc`dnwî#

Dbs ncwb{cîs cb uh{{hcw u`s ìw{b bmuìoaîs gb sb u{îsbcwb{ q wh{nwîs mî-gno`dbs uh{ ìw{b bq`mncîs# Dbs `wh{nwîs mîgno`dbs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbc-w{nob {bmbww{hcw$ s{ gbm`cgb$ å whw ncwb{cî w{`nwî cb gîod`{`wnhc honbddbncgnp`cw d` c`w{b gb s` m`d`gnb h gb sbs kdbss{bs$ d` g{îb g w{`nwbmbcwbw dbs shncs {bæs# rc gudno`w` gb obwwb gîod`{`wnhc sb{` bczh~î å d„fbcobobcw{`db u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 075#

Db w{`nwbmbcw$ ncsn pb d` h{cnw{b gb whw uu`{bnd cîobss`n{b m`ncwnbcgbs ncwb{cîs bc khc îw`w gb s`cwî$ chw`mmbcw gbs u{hwaásbs$ gbcw`n{bs h`w{bs$ bw gbs dcbwwbs$ sb{hcw òoh{gîs f{`wnwbmbcw å d„ncwb{cî#

@nod >;Gbs ncsubownhcs mîgno`dbs gbs ncwb{cîs sb{hcw `nwbs ` mhncs cb hns u`{mhns# Bddbs `{hcw uh{ hklbw$ bc u`{wnodnb{$ gb ohcw{÷db{ d„îw`w fîcî{`d gbs`cwî bw gb cw{nwnhc bw d„îw`w gb u{hu{bwî$ `ncsn pb gb gîunswb{ dbs m`d`-

gnbs ohcw`fnbsbs$ chw`mmbcw d` wkb{odhsb$ dbs `bownhcs zîcî{nbccbs bw dbu`dgnsmb# Bddbs ohmuh{wb{hcw chw`mmbcw db ohcw{÷db g uhngs gb oa`pbncwb{cî bw$ ` mhncs cb hns u`{ `c$ c bq`mbc {`gnhsohunpb#

OA@UNW[B Z$~p

@nod >?Whwb d`wnwgb sb{` d`nssîb q ncwb{cîs uh{ d„bqb{onob gb db{ {bdnfnhc$ ~ ohm-u{ns d„`ssnsw`cob `q hobs gb db{ odwb$ å ohcgnwnhc p„nds sb ohch{mbcw`q mbs{bs gb gnsonudncb oh{`cwb$ u{bso{nwbs u`{ dbs `wh{nwîs gîwbcw{nobs#

Dbs ncwb{cîs pn shcw mncnsw{bs g„c odwb sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å bqb{ob{ udbncb-mbcw db{ mncnswá{b u`{mn db{s oh{bdnfnhcc`n{bs# obw bbw$ d` Unss`cob gî-wbcw{nob zbnddb{` å ob p„nds shnbcw {îu`{wns g„cb m`cná{b îpnw`kdb bcw{b dbsgnî{bcws dnbq g„ncwb{cbmbcw hþ sb w{hzbcw dbs ncwb{cîs u`{d`cw d` mìmb d`c-fb bw ùu`{wbc`cw å d` mìmb {bdnfnhc# _„nds cb shcw u`s bc chmk{b ss`cw$bddb db{ òoh{gb{` dbs òndnwîs cîobss`n{bs$ bcw{b `w{bs gbs mh~bcs gb w{`cs-uh{w$ uh{ sb {bcg{b g„c dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw å d„`w{b$ bw nds sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å

znsnwb{ dbs ncwb{cîs pn sb w{hzbcw g`cs gbs a÷unw`q# Dbs mncnsw{bs g„c odwb lhn{hcw$ uh{ dbs òwbs gb db{ mncnswá{b$ gb d` dnkb{wî gb oh{{bsuhcg`cob `zbodbs `wh{nwîs {bdnfnbsbs g u`~s gb gîwbcwnhc bw$ g`cs d` mbs{b g uhssnkdb$

Ncsubownhcs

mîgno`dbs

[bdnfnhc



DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> 0>0

Gnsw{òwnhcs$

ncsw{rownhc$

suh{ws

W{`z`nd

`zbo dbs h{f`cns`wnhcs {bdnfnbsbs ncwb{c`wnhc`dbs gb db{ ohcbssnhc# Obwwboh{{bsuhcg`cob cb sb{` u`s ohcsngî{îb ohmmb `ns`cw u`{wnb g ohcwncfbcwmbcwnhccî å d„`{wnodb 056$ m`ns sb{` shmnsb `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d„`{wnodb 00;#

Dh{spb gbs ncwb{cîs cb gnsuhsbcw u`s g sboh{s gb mncnsw{bs gb db{ odwbh pb obs gb{cnb{s shcw bc chmk{b ncss`cw$ d „ wh{nwî {bdnfnbsb dho`db gbd` mìmb ohcbssnhc uh{{` gîsnfcb{$ g„òoh{g `zbo d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$c mncnsw{b g mìmb odwb pb obdn gbs ncwb{cîs$ h knbc$ g`cs db o`s hþ obd`bsw uhssnkdb g uhncw gb zb ohcbssnhccbd$ c mncnsw{b g„c odwb snmnd`n{bh c d`èpb p`dnî# Ob gb{cnb{ lhn{` gbs `z`cw`fbs `wwòaîs å d` hcownhcp„nd ` `ssmîb# Dbs ub{shccbs `ncsn gîsnfcîbs gbz{hcw sb ohch{mb{ å whsdbs {áfdbmbcws îw`kdns u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ g`cs d„ncwî{ìw gb d` gnson-

udncb bw gb d` sîo{nwî#

@nod >7D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bcoh{`fb{` dbs òwnznwîs ncwbddbowbddbs$ îgo`wnzbs${îo{î`wnzbs bw suh{wnzbs gbs ncwb{cîs$ whw bc dbs d`nss`cw dnk{bs g„~ u`{wnonub{h chc# Bddb u{bcg{` whwbs dbs mbs{bs uhssnkdbs uh{ bc `ss{b{ d„bqb{onobbw mbww{` bc u`{wnodnb{ å db{ gnsuhsnwnhc gbs dho`q `gîp`ws#

Whwbs dbs òndnwîs uhssnkdbs sb{hcw òoh{gîbs `q ncwb{cîs `c gb db{

ub{mbww{b gb uh{snz{b db{s îwgbs h g„bc bcw{bu{bcg{b gb chzbddbs#D„ncsw{ownhc gbs bc`cws bw gbs `ghdbsobcws sb{` `ss{îb 9 nds uh{{hcw {î-pbcwb{ gbs îohdbs shnw å d„ncwî{nb{ shnw å d„bqwî{nb{ gbs dnbq g„ncwb{cbmbcw#

Dbs ncwb{cîs gbz{hcw zhn{ d` uhssnkndnwî gb sb dnz{b{ å gbs bqb{onobs ua~snpbs$gb u`{wnonub{ å gbs suh{ws bw å gbs lbq bc udbnc `n{# Gbs bsuòbs dnk{bs s-s`cws sb{hcw {îsb{zîs å obw s`fb g`cs whs dbs dnbq g„ncwb{cbmbcw# Gbsbmudòbmbcws suîon`q sb{hcw {îsb{zîs `q bc`cws bw `q `ghdbsobcws#

@nod >2D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob cb uh{{` bmudh~b{ gbs ncwb{cîs ohmmb w{`z`nddb{spb s„nds db gîsn{bcw# _hcw bc whw o`s ncwb{gnws < d„bmudhn pn$ nmuhsî å cb ub{-shccb u{hwîfîb chc ncwb{cîb$ ohcswnwb{`nw cb nc{òwnhc `q `{wnodbs 75 h20 gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ `ncsn pb d„bmudhn å gbs w{`z`q g„c o`{òwá{bgîf{`g`cw h amndn`cw#

u{ás cb uî{nhgb gb w{`z`nd gb snq sbm`ncbs$ dbs ncwb{cîs uh{{hcw {bchcob{å w{`z`nddb{ å whw mhmbcw mh~bcc`cw c u{î`zns gb anw lh{s#

Obs gnsuhsnwnhcs cb hcw u`s hkswòdb ` g{hnw gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob g„`s-w{bncg{b dbs ncwb{cîs mîgboncs$ gbcwnswbs h `w{bs mbmk{bs g ub{shccbds`cnw`n{b å d„bqb{onob gb db{ u{hbssnhc ` kîcîob gb db{s oh-ncwb{cîs 9 g„bm-udh~b{ gbs ncwb{cîs å gbs w{`z`q g„`gmncnsw{`wnhc bw g„bcw{bwnbc g dnb g„nc-wb{cbmbcw 9 gb oa`{fb{ obs ub{shccbs gb w{`z`q gb onsncb h g„`w{bs w{`z`qmîc`fb{s 9 bcc gb dbs bmudh~b{ å gbs w{`z`q gbswncîs å u{hwîfb{ dbs ncwb{cîs



0>; 7b OhczBcwnhc

ohcw{b dbs khmk`{gbmbcws `î{nbcs$ h `w{bs g`cfb{s {îsdw`cw gb d` fb{{b#Whwbhns$ òc ncwb{cî cb uh{{` ìw{b `sw{bncw å òohmudn{ gbs w{`z`q uh{dbspbds c mîgbonc gb d„`gmncnsw{`wnhc d„`{` gîod`{î ua~snpbmbcw ncùwb#

D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob ssmb{` d„bcwná{b {bsuhcs`kndnwî gb whwbs dbs ohcgn-wnhcs gb w{`z`nd$ gbs shncs mîgno`q$ g u`nbmbcw gbs s`d`n{bs bw gb d` {îu`{`-wnhc gbs òongbcws g w{`z`nd bw gbs m`d`gnbs u{hbssnhccbddbs# Dbs ohcgnwnhcsgb w{`z`nd `ncsn pb d` {îu`{`wnhc gbs òongbcws g w{`z`nd bw gbs m`d`gnbsu{hbssnhccbddbs sb{hcw ohch{mbs å d` dîfnsd`wnhc c`wnhc`db bw å d` ohwmb 9bddbs cb sb{hcw bc òc o`s ncî{nb{bs å obddbs ùudnpîbs uh{ c w{`z`nd gbmìmb c`w{b g`cs d` mìmb {îfnhc# Dbs s`d`n{bs sb{hcw gîwb{mncîs g„cb `-æhc îpnw`kdb u`{ òoh{g bcw{b d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ dbs ncwb{cîs bw$ db o`s

îoaî`cw$ dbs bmudh~b{s `w{bs pb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ ohmuwb wbc gbd„hkdnf`wnhc uh{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gb uh{zhn{ f{`wnwbmbcw å d„bcw{b-wnbc gb d„ncwb{cî bw gb dn òoh{gb{ gb mìmb dbs shncs mîgno`q pb cîobssnwbshc îw`w gb s`cwî# Dbs ncwb{cîs bmudh~îs g„cb m`cná{b ub{m`cbcwb `q w{`- z`q znsîs ` w{hnsnámb dncî` {bobz{hcw gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob c s`d`n{bîpnw`kdb 9 dbs ohcgnwnhcs gb w{`z`nd bw d` {îu`{`wnhc gbs òongbcws g w{`z`ndbw gbs m`d`gnbs u{hbssnhccbddbs cb sb{hcw u`s ncî{nb{bs å obddbs ùudnpîbsuh{ c w{`z`nd gb mìmb c`w{b g`cs d` mìmb {îfnhc#

@nod >:Whw gîwòabmbcw gb w{`z`nd {bdázb{` g„c dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw# Dbs `wh{nwîsohmuîwbcwbs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bw db ohmm`cg`cw gb ob dnb g„ncwb{cb-mbcw sb{hcw {bsuhcs`kdbs gb d„hksb{z`wnhc g`cs dbs gîwòabmbcws gb w{`z`nd gbsgnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc# Db ohmm`cg`cw wnbcg{` å lh{ cb dnswbgbs gîwòabmbcws gb w{`z`nd gîubcg`cw gb dn bw d` ohmmcnpb{` q gîdîfîsgb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ g Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb h gbs`w{bs h{f`cns`wnhcs am`cnw`n{bs pn znsnwb{`nbcw dbs dnbq g„ncwb{cbmbcw#

OA@UNW[B ZNá

@nod >6Dbs ncwb{cîs sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å ohcsb{zb{ db{s hklbws bw bbws g„s`fb ub{-shccbd# Dbs shmmbs$ oaápbs$ wnw{bs$ `ncsn pb dbs hklbws gb z`db{ ghcw ndsshcw uh{wb{s cb uh{{hcw db{ ìw{b bcdbzîs pb ohch{mîmbcw `q u{hoî-g{bs îw`kdnbs# rc {bæ gîw`nddî db{ bc sb{` ghccî#

Dbs shmmbs gbz{hcw ìw{b uh{wîbs ` o{îgnw g ohmuwb gb oa`pb ncwb{cî$ohmmb u{îz å d„`{wnodb >1 9 bddbs cb uh{{hcw ìw{b ohczb{wnbs bc cb `w{bmhcc`nb å mhncs pb d` dîfnsd`wnhc g wb{{nwhn{b g`cs dbpbd db u{hu{nîw`n{bbsw ncwb{cî cb d„bqnfb$ h pb d „ncwb{cî c„~ ohcsbcwb#

Gîwòab-

mbcws gb

w{`z`nd

Z`dbr{s bw

bbws

ub{shccbds



DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> 0>?

[bsshr{obsc`coná{bs

bw ohmuwbs

ncgnzngrbds

Dbs hklbws `~`cw s{whw cb z`db{ ub{shccbddb h sbcwnmbcw`db cb uh{{hcwdb{ ìw{b bcdbzîs#

rcb bmmb ncwb{cîb cb uh{{` ìw{b hnddîb pb u`{ cb bmmb#

Dh{s gb db{ dnkî{`wnhc h gb db{ {ù`w{nbmbcw$ dbs ncwb{cîs {bobz{hcw bcmhcc`nb db shdgb o{îgnwb{ g ohmuwb wbc ohch{mîmbcw å d„`{wnodb >1$ ncsnpb whs dbs hklbws$ shmmbs$ oaápbs$ wnw{bs$ bwo#$ pn db{ `{`nbcw îwî {bwn{îsubcg`cw d„ncwb{cbmbcw$ bqobuwnhc `nwb gbs hklbws h z`db{s pb d` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob gbz{`nw f`{gb{ bc zb{w gb s` dîfnsd`wnhc bc znfb{# o`s hþ cknbc ùu`{wbc`cw å c ncwb{cî sb{`nw {bwbc bc {`nshc gb obwwb dîfnsd`wnhc$d„ncwî{bssî {bobz{` c ob{wno`w gîw`nddî#

Dbs ghombcws gb `mnddb bw dbs unáobs g„ngbcwnwî ghcw dbs ncwb{cîs shcw uh{-wb{s cb uh{{hcw db{ ìw{b {bwn{îs pb ohcw{b {bæ# òc mhmbcw$ dbsncwb{cîs cb gbz{hcw ìw{b s`cs unáob g„ngbcwnwî# _„nds c„bc uhsságbcw u`s$ nds{bobz{hcw gbs unáobs suîon`dbs pn sb{hcw îw`kdnbs u`{ dbs `wh{nwîs gîwbcw{nobsbw pn db{ wnbcg{hcw dnb gb unáobs g„ngbcwnwî lsp„å d` c gb d„ncwb{cbmbcw#Dbs ncwb{cîs uh{{hcw `zhn{ s{ bq cb ob{w`ncb shmmb bc bsuáobs h shsh{mb gb khcs g„òa`w$ `c gb uhzhn{ `n{b gbs òa`ws#

@nod >1

Whs dbs ncwb{cîs {bobz{hcw {îfdná{bmbcw gbs `ddho`wnhcs uh{ uhzhn{òabwb{ gbs gbc{îbs bw hklbws wbds pb w`kò$ `{wnodbs gb whndbwwb$ bwo# Obs `ddh-o`wnhcs uh{{hcw {bzìwn{ d` h{mb gb o{îgnws h gb khcs g„òa`w#

Bc hw{b$ dbs ncwb{cîs uh{{hcw {bobzhn{ gbs sksngbs gb d` Unss`cob ghcw ndsshcw {bssh{wnss`cws$ gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs$ gb whw h{f`cnsmb pn uh{-{`nw db{ zbcn{ bc `ngb$ h gb db{s `mnddbs$ `ncsn pb dbs {bzbcs gb db{s knbcsohch{mîmbcw å d` dîfnsd`wnhc gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# Dbs mhcw`cws gbssksngbs `ddhîs u`{ d` Unss`cob g„h{nfncb sb{hcw dbs mìmbs uh{ oa`pb o`-

wîfh{nb g„ncwb{cîs !nc{mbs$ m`d`gbs$ bmmbs bcobncwbs$ bwo#. bw cb uh{{hcwìw{b qîs u`{ obwwb Unss`cob cn gnsw{nkîs u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob s{ d`k`sb gb gnso{nmnc`wnhcs ncwb{gnwbs u`{ d„`{wnodb ;6 gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

Uh{ oa`pb ncwb{cî$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob wnbcg{` c ohmuwb {îfdnb{ ò{îgnw gpbd sb{hcw uh{wîs dbs `ddho`wnhcs mbcwnhccîbs ` u{îsbcw `{wnodb$dbs s`d`n{bs f`fcîs u`{ d„ncwb{cî$ `ncsn pb dbs bczhns g„`{fbcw pn dn sb{hcw`nws# _b{hcw îf`dbmbcw uh{wîbs å shc o{îgnw dbs shmmbs pn dn shcw {bwn{îbsbw pn uh{{`nbcw ìw{b gnsuhcnkdbs bc zb{w gb d` dîfnsd`wnhc bc znfb{ g`cs

db wb{{nwhn{b hþ d„ncwb{cî sb w{hzb# Whwb òndnwî ohmu`wnkdb `zbo d` dîfnsd`-wnhc bc znfb{ g`cs db wb{{nwhn{b ncwî{bssî dn sb{` ooh{gîb uh{ bczh~b{ gbssksngbs å s` `mnddb bw `q ub{shccbs gîubcg`cw îohchmnpbmbcw gb dn# Nduh{{` u{îdbzb{ s{ ob ohmuwb dbs shmmbs cîobss`n{bs å sbs gîubcsbs ub{-shccbddbs$ g`cs dbs dnmnwbs qîbs u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# Nd dn sb{` òoh{-gî bc whw wbmus gbs òndnwîs {`nshcc`kdbs bc zb gb ohcsdwb{ shc ohmuwb



0>7 7b OhczBcwnhc

h gb s„bc u{ho{b{ gbs bqw{`nws# Ob ohmuwb sb{` ohmmcnpî$ s{ gbm`cgb$å d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob bw snz{` d„ncwb{cî bc o`s gb w{`csb{w gb obdn-on#

OA@UNW[B ZNN`

@nod >>Whw dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw sb{` udòî shs d„`wh{nwî g„c honb{ h hcownhc-c`n{b {bsuhcs`kdb$ oahnsn g`cs dbs h{obs mndnw`n{bs {îfdná{bs h g`cs dbso`g{bs gb d„`gmncnsw{`wnhc onzndb {îfdná{b gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# D„h-onb{ h db hcownhcc`n{b ohmm`cg`cw db dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw uhssîgb{`$ g`cs

d` d`cfb honbddb h g`cs cb gbs d`cfbs honbddbs gb shc u`~s$ db wbqwbgb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bw sb{` {bsuhcs`kdb gb d„ùudno`wnhc gb obddb-on#Db ub{shccbd gb s{zbndd`cob sb{` ncsw{nw gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc bw gbs {áfdbmbcws `~`cw uh{ hklbw shc ùudno`wnhc#

Db wbqwb gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bw dbs wbqwbs gbs òoh{gs suîon`q ohcodsohch{mîmbcw å d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc sb{hcw òaîs å d„ncwî{nb{ g dnbg„ncwb{cbmbcw g`cs cb d`cfb pb ohmu{bccbcw dbs ncwb{cîs$ h knbc sbw{hzb{hcw bc uhssbssnhc g ohmnwî g„ncwb{cîs#

Dbs {áfdbmbcws$ h{g{bs$ `zb{wnssbmbcws bw `zns gb whwb c`w{b gbz{hcw ìw{bohmmcnpîs `q ncwb{cîs bw òaîs å d„ncwî{nb{ gbs dnbq g„ncwb{cbmbcwg`cs cb d`cfb p„nds ohmu{bccbcw#

Whs dbs h{g{bs bw ohmm`cgbmbcws g{bssîs ncgnzngbddbmbcw å gbs ncwb{cîsgbz{hcw îf`dbmbcw ìw{b ghccîs g`cs cb d`cfb p„nds ohmu{bccbcw#

@nod 055D` gnsonudncb g`cs dbs dnbq g„ncwb{cbmbcw ghnw ìw{b ohmu`wnkdb `zbo dbs u{nc-onubs g„am`cnwî bw cb ohmuh{wb{` bc òc o`s gbs {áfdbmbcws nmuhs`cw`q ncwb{cîs gbs `wnfbs ua~snpbs g`cfb{bsbs uh{ db{ s`cwî h gbs k{n-m`gbs g„h{g{b ua~snpb h mh{`d# Db w`wh`fb h d„ùuhsnwnhc gb m`{pbsh gb snfcbs oh{uh{bds g„ngbcwno`wnhc shcw ncwb{gnws#

_hcw chw`mmbcw ncwb{gnws dbs sw`wnhcs h dbs ùubds u{hdhcfîs$ dbs bqb{onobsua~snpbs ucnwns$ dbs bqb{onobs gb m`cşz{bs mndnw`n{bs bw dbs {bsw{nownhcsgb ch{{nw{b#

@nod 050Dbs ncwb{cîs `{hcw db g{hnw gb u{îsbcwb{ `q `wh{nwîs ` uhzhn{ gbspbddbsnds sb w{hzbcw db{s {bpìwbs ohcob{c`cw db {îfnmb `pbd nds shcw shmns#

Nds `{hcw îf`dbmbcw$ s`cs dnmnw`wnhc$ db g{hnw gb s„`g{bssb{ shnw u`{ d„bcw{b-mnsb g ohmnwî g„ncwb{cîs$ shnw gn{bowbmbcw$ s„nds d„bswnmbcw cîobss`n{b$ `q

@gmncns-

w{`wnhc gbs

o`mus#

@oa`fb gb

d` Ohczbc-

wnhc bw gbs

{áfdbmbcws

Gnsonudncb

fîcî{`db

Ud`ncwbs bw

{bprìwbs




NN# Jhcownhcs

NNN#

U{î{hf`wnzbs

Ohmnwî

g„ncwb{cîsN# Îdbownhc

gbs mbmk{bs

{bu{îsbcw`cws gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ uh{ db{ ncgnpb{ dbs uhncws s{ dbs-pbds nds {`nbcw gbs ud`ncwbs å h{mdb{ å d„îf`{g g {îfnmb gb d„ncwb{cbmbcw#

Obs {bpìwbs bw ud`ncwbs gbz{hcw ìw{b w{`csmnsbs g„{fbcob s`cs mhgno`-

wnhc# Mìmb sn obs gb{cná{bs shcw {bohccbs chc hcgîbs$ bddbs cb uh{{hcwghccb{ dnb å òcb ucnwnhc#

Dbs ohmnwîs g„ncwb{cîs uh{{hcw bczh~b{ `q {bu{îsbcw`cws gb d` Unss`cobu{hwbow{nob gbs {ùuh{ws uî{nhgnpbs s{ d` snw`wnhc g`cs dbs dnbq g„ncwb{-cbmbcw bw dbs kbshncs gbs ncwb{cîs#

@nod 05;G`cs oa`pb dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw$ dbs ncwb{cîs îdn{hcw dnk{bmbcw$ whs dbs snq

mhns bw ` so{wnc sbo{bw$ dbs mbmk{bs g„c ohmnwî oa`{fî gb dbs {bu{îsbcwb{ù{ás gbs wh{nwîs gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ u{ás gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbo-w{nobs$ g Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb bw gb whw w{b h{f`cnsmbpn db{ znbcg{`nw bc `ngb# Dbs mbmk{bs gb ob ohmnwî sb{hcw {îîdnfnkdbs#

Dbs ncwb{cîs îds bcw{b{hcw bc hcownhcs ù{ás pb db{ îdbownhc `{` {bæd„ùu{hk`wnhc gb d„`wh{nwî gîwbcw{nob# Dbs mhwns gb {bs h gb gbswnwwnhcîzbcwbds sb{hcw ohmmcnpîs `q Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs ncwî{bssîbs#

@nod 05?Dbs ohmnwîs g„ncwb{cîs gbz{hcw ohcw{nkb{ ` knbc-ìw{b ua~snpb$ mh{`d bwncwbddbowbd gbs ncwb{cîs#

Bc u`{wnodnb{$ ` o`s hþ dbs ncwb{cîs gîongb{`nbcw g„h{f`cnsb{ bcw{b bq cs~swámb g„`ssnsw`cob mwbddb$ obwwb h{f`cns`wnhc sb{`nw gb d` ohmuîwbcob gbsohmnwîs$ ncgîubcg`mmbcw gbs wëoabs suîon`dbs pn db{ shcw ohcîbs u`{g„`w{bs gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

@nod 057Dbs mbmk{bs gbs ohmnwîs g„ncwb{cîs cb sb{hcw u`s sw{bncws å c w{b w{`z`nd$sn d„òohmudnssbmbcw gb db{s hcownhcs gbz`nw bc ìw{b {bcg uds gnondb#

Dbs mbmk{bs gbs ohmnwîs uh{{hcw gîsnfcb{ u`{mn dbs ncwb{cîs dbs `qn-dn`n{bs pn db{ sb{hcw cîobss`n{bs# Whwbs òndnwîs m`wî{nbddbs db{ sb{hcwòoh{gîbs bw chw`mmbcw ob{w`ncbs dnkb{wîs gb mhzbmbcw cîobss`n{bs å d„ò-ohmudnssbmbcw gb db{s wëoabs !znsnwbs gb gîwòabmbcws gb w{`z`nd$ {îobuwnhcgb m`{oa`cgnsbs$ bwo#.#

Whwbs òndnwîs sb{hcw îf`dbmbcw òoh{gîbs `q mbmk{bs gbs ohmnwîs uh{db{ oh{{bsuhcg`cob uhsw`db bw wîdîf{ùanpb `zbo dbs `wh{nwîs gîwbcw{nobs$`zbo dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs$ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfbbw db{s gîdîfîs$ `ncsn p„`zbo dbs h{f`cnsmbs pn znbcg{`nbcw bc `ngb `qncwb{cîs# Dbs mbmk{bs gbs ohmnwîs sb w{hz`cw g`cs gbs gîwòabmbcws



0>: 7b OhczBcwnhc

lhn{hcw gbs mìmbs òndnwîs uh{ db{ oh{{bsuhcg`cob `zbo db{ ohmnwî gu{nconu`d dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw# Obs oh{{bsuhcg`cobs cb sb{hcw cn dnmnwîbs$ cnohcsngî{îbs ohmmb `ns`cw u`{wnb g ohcwncfbcw mbcwnhccî å d „ {wnodb 056#

oc mbmk{b g ohmnwî cb uh{{` ìw{b w{`csî{î$ s`cs pb db wbmus {`n-shcc`kdbmbcw cîobss`n{b dn nw îwî d`nssî uh{ mbww{b shc soobssb{ oh-{`cw gbs ``n{bs bc oh{s#

OA@UNW[B ZNNN„q

@nod 052Gás p„bddbs `{hcw ncwb{cî gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs$ dbs Unss`cobs gîwbc-w{nobs uh{wb{hcw å db{ ohcc`nss`cob$ å obddb gb d` Unss`cob ghcw bddbs shcw{bssh{wnss`cwbs bw gb db{ Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ dbs mbs{bs u{îzbs uh{d„bqîownhc gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs g u{îsbcw oaùnw{b 9 bddbs chwnb{hcw gb mìmbwhwb mhgno`wnhc ùuh{wîb å obs mbs{bs#

@nod 05:Oa`pb ncwb{cî sb{` mns bc mbs{b$ gás shc ncwb{cbmbcw$ h ` uds w`{g cb

sbm`ncb ù{ás shc `{{nzîb g`cs c dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw bw gb mìmb bc o`s gbm`d`gnb h gb w{`csb{w g`cs c `w{b dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw h g`cs c a÷unw`d$g„`g{bssb{ gn{bowbmbcw å s` `mnddb$ g „cb u`{w$ bw å d „fbcob obcw{`db u{îzbå d„`{wnodb 075$ g„ w{b u`{w$ cb o`{wb g„ncwb{cbmbcw îw`kdnb sn uhssnkdb sbdhc dbmhgádb `ccbqî å d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ dbs nch{m`cw gb shc ncwb{cbmbcw$gb shc `g{bssb bw gb shc îw`w gb s`cwî# Dbsgnwbs o`{wbs sb{hcw w{`csmnsbs `zbowhwb d` {ùngnwî uhssnkdb bw cb uh{{hcw ìw{b {bw`{gîbs g„òcb m`cná{b#

@nod 056Dbs ncwb{cîs sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å bquîgnb{ bw å {bobzhn{ gbs dbww{bs bw gbs o`{wbs#_n d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bswnmb cîobss`n{b gb dnmnwb{ db chmk{b gb dbww{bsbw gb o`{wbs bquîgnîbs u`{ oa`pb ncwb{cî$ ob chmk{b cb uh{{` u`s ìw{bncî{nb{ å gbq dbww{bs bw p`w{b o`{wbs u`{ mhns$ îw`kdnbs `w`cw pb uhs-snkdb sbdhc dbs mhgádbs `ccbqîs å d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc# _n gbs dnmnw`wnhcsghnzbcw ìw{b ùuh{wîbs å d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob `g{bssîb `q ncwb{cîs$ bddbs cbuh{{hcw ìw{b h{ghccîbs pb u`{ db{ Unss`cob g„h{nfncb$ îzbcwbddbmbcws{ gbm`cgb gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# Obs dbww{bs bw obs o`{wbs gbz{hcw ìw{bw{`csuh{wîbs g`cs c gîd`n {`nshcc`kdb 9 bddbs cb uh{{hcw ìw{b {bw`{gîbs cn{bwbcbs uh{ mhwns gb gnsonudncb#

Dbs ncwb{cîs pn shcw gbuns dhcfwbmus s`cs chzbddbs gb db{ `mnddb h pnsb w{hzbcw g`cs d„nmuhssnkndnwî g„bc {bobzhn{ h gb dn bc ghccb{ u`{ zhnb

Chwno`wnhc

gbs mbsr{bs

u{nsbs

O`{wb

g„ncwb{cb-mbcw

Oh{{bsuhc-

g`cob




NN# _bohr{s

ohddbowns

Bczhns gb

sbohr{s

N# U{nconubsfîcî{`rq

h{gnc`n{b$ gb mìmb pb obq pn shcw sîu`{îs gbs db{s u`{ gbs gnsw`cobsohcsngî{`kdbs sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å bquîgnb{ gbs wîdîf{`mmbs$ ohcw{b u`nbmbcwgbs w`qbs wîdîf{ùanpbs$ g`cs d` mhcc`nb ghcw nds gnsuhsbcw# Nds kîcîonb-

{hcw îf`dbmbcw g„cb wbddb mbs{b bc o`s g„{fbcob {bohccb#Bc {áfdb fîcî{`db$ d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob gbs ncwb{cîs sb{` {îgnfîb g`cs db{ d`c-fb m`wb{cbddb# Dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw uh{{hcw `wh{nsb{ d` oh{{bsuhcg`cobbc g„`w{bs d`cfbs#

@nod 051Dbs ncwb{cîs sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å {bobzhn{$ u`{ zhnb uhsw`db h u`{ whs `w{bsmh~bcs$ gbs bczhns ncgnzngbds h ohddbowns ohcwbc`cw chw`mmbcw gbs

gbc{îbs `dnmbcw`n{bs$ gbs zìwbmbcws$ gbs mîgno`mbcws$ `ncsn pb gbs dnz{bsbw gbs hklbws gbswncîs å {îuhcg{b å db{s kbshncs bc m`wná{b gb {bdnfnhc$g„îwgbs h gb dhnsn{s# Obs bczhns cb uh{{hcw$ bc òcb `æhc$ dnkî{b{ dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob gbs hkdnf`wnhcs pn dn ncohmkbcw bc zb{w gb d` u{î-sbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

o`s hþ nd gbznbcg{`nw cîobss`n{b$ uh{ gbs {`nshcs g„h{g{b mndnw`n{b$ gb dn-mnwb{ d` p`cwnwî gb obs bczhns$ d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnh-c`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb$ h whw `w{b h{f`cnsmb zbc`cw bc `ngb `q ncwb{cîs$

pn sb{`nbcw oa`{fîs gb w{`csmbww{b obs bczhns$ gbz{hcw bc ìw{b gùmbcw `znsîs#Dbs mhg`dnwîs {bd`wnzbs å d„bquîgnwnhc gbs bczhns ncgnzngbds h ohddbowns b-{hcw d„hklbw$ s„nd ~ ` dnb$ g„òoh{gs suîon`q bcw{b dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbs$pn cb uh{{hcw$ bc òc o`s$ {bw`{gb{ d` {îobuwnhc u`{ dbs ncwb{cîs gbs bczhns gb sboh{s# Dbs bczhns gb znz{bs h gb zìwbmbcws cb ohcwnbcg{hcw u`sgb dnz{bs 9 dbs sboh{s mîgno`q sb{hcw$ bc fîcî{`d$ bczh~îs g`cs gbs ohdnsohddbowns#

@nod 05> gî`w g„òoh{gs suîon`q bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ohcjnw s{ dbs mhg`dnwîs {bd`-wnzbs å d` {îobuwnhc `ncsn p„å d` gnsw{nkwnhc gbs bczhns gb sboh{s ohddbowns$db {áfdbmbcw ohcob{c`cw dbs bczhns ohddbowns `ccbqî å d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbc-wnhc sb{` ùudnpî#

Dbs òoh{gs suîon`q u{îzs on-gbsss cb uh{{hcw bc òc o`s {bsw{bncg{bdb g{hnw gbs ohmnwîs g„ncwb{cîs gb u{bcg{b uhssbssnhc gbs bczhns gb sboh{sohddbowns gbswncîs `q ncwb{cîs$ gb u{hoîgb{ å db{ gnsw{nkwnhc bw g„bc gnsuh-

sb{ g`cs d „ncwî{ìw gbs gbswnc w`n{bs#Nds cb uh{{hcw u`s chc uds {bsw{bncg{b db g{hnw p„ {hcw dbs {bu{îsbcw`cws gbd` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ g Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb h gb whw`w{b h{f`cnsmb zbc`cw bc `ngb `q ncwb{cîs$ pn sb{`nbcw oa`{fîs gb w{`cs-mbww{b obs bczhns ohddbowns$ g„bc ohcw{÷db{ d` gnsw{nkwnhc å db{s gbswnc`w`n{bs#



0>1 7b OhczBcwnhc

@nod 005Whs dbs bczhns gb sboh{s gbswncîs `q ncwb{cîs sb{hcw bqbmuws gb whsg{hnws g„bcw{îb$ gb gh`cb bw `w{bs#

Whs dbs bczhns$ ~ ohmu{ns dbs ohdns uhsw`q gb sboh{s `ncsn pb dbs bczhnsg„`{fbcw$ bc u{hzbc`cob g„`w{bs u`~s$ `g{bssîs `q ncwb{cîs h bquîgnîs u`{bq u`{ zhnb uhsw`db shnw gn{bowbmbcw$ shnw u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gbs k{b`q gb{bcsbnfcbmbcws u{îzs å d„`{wnodb 0?: bw gb d„fbcob obcw{`db gb {bcsbnfcb-mbcws u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 075$ sb{hcw bqbmuws gb whwb w`qb uhsw`db `ssn knbcg`cs dbs u`~s g„h{nfncb bw gb gbswnc`wnhc pb g`cs dbs u`~s ncwb{mîgn`n{bs# obw bbw$ chw`mmbcw$ dbs bqbmuwnhcs u{îzbs g`cs d` Ohczbcwnhc uhsw`dbcnzb{sbddb gb 0>76 bw g`cs dbs `{{`cfbmbcws gb d„rcnhc uhsw`db cnzb{sbddb$

bc `zb{ gbs onznds gb c`wnhc`dnwî bccbmnb {bwbcs g`cs gbs o`mus h g`csgbs u{nshcs onzndbs$ sb{hcw îwbcgbs q w{bs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs ncwb{cîbsshs db {îfnmb gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc# Dbs u`~s pn cb u`{wnonubcw u`så obs `{{`cfbmbcws sb{hcw wbcs g„òoh{gb{ dbs {`coansbs u{îzbs g`cs dbsmìmbs ohcgnwnhcs#

Dbs {`ns gb w{`csuh{w gbs bczhns gb sboh{s gbswncîs `q ncwb{cîs$ pn$ bc {`n-shc gb db{ uhngs h uh{ whw `w{b mhwn$ cb ubzbcw u`s db{ ìw{b w{`csmnsu`{ zhnb uhsw`db$ sb{hcw å d` oa`{fb gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob g`cs whs dbs wb{-

{nwhn{bs udòîs shs shc ohcw{÷db# Dbs `w{bs Unss`cobs u`{wnbs å d` Ohczbcwnhcsuuh{wb{hcw dbs {`ns gb w{`csuh{w g`cs db{s wb{{nwhn{bs {bsubowns#

Dbs {`ns {îsdw`cw g w{`csuh{w gb obs bczhns$ pn cb sb{`nbcw u`s ohzb{ws`q wb{mbs gbs `dncî`s u{îoîgbcws$ sb{hcw å d` oa`{fb gb d„bquîgnwb{#

Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bh{ob{hcw gb {îgn{b w`cw pb uhssnkdb$dbs w`qbs wîdîf{ùanpbs uh{ dbs wîdîf{`mmbs bquîgnîs u`{ dbs ncwb{cîs hpn db{ shcw `g{bssîs#

@nod 000 o`s hþ dbs huî{`wnhcs mndnw`n{bs bmuìoab{`nbcw dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbsgb {bmudn{ d„hkdnf`wnhc pn db{ ncohmkb g„`ss{b{ db w{`csuh{w gbs bczhnsu{îzs `q `{wnodbs 05:$ 056$ 051 bw 00?$ dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs ncwî{bs-sîbs$ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb h whw `w{b h{f`cnsmb`f{îî u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw$ uh{{hcw bcw{bu{bcg{b g„`ss{b{ db w{`csuh{wgb obs bczhns `zbo dbs mh~bcs `gîp`ws !v`fhcs$ o`mnhcs$ k`wb`q h `zn-hcs$ bwo#.# obw bbw$ dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bh{ob{hcw gb db{

u{ho{b{ obs mh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w bw g„bc `wh{nsb{ d` on{od`wnhc$ chw`m-mbcw bc òoh{g`cw dbs s`-ohcgnws cîobss`n{bs#

Obs mh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w uh{{hcw îf`dbmbcw ìw{b wndnsîs uh{ òabmncb{ <`. d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob$ dbs dnswbs bw dbs {ùuh{ws îoa`cfîs bcw{b d„fbcob

obcw{`db gb {bcsbnfcbmbcws u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 075 bw dbs K{b`q c`-wnhc`q u{îzs å d„ {wnodb 0?: 9

NNN# J{`coansbs

gb uh{w bw

gb w{`csuh{w

W{`csuh{ws

suîon`rq



DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> 0>>

Îw`kdnssb-

mbcw bw

w{`csmnssnhc

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k. d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob bw dbs {ùuh{ws ohcob{c`cw dbs ncwb{cîs pb dbsUnss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs$ db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfbh whw `w{b h{f`cnsmb zbc`cw bc `ngb `q ncwb{cîs îoa`cfbcw shnw

`zbo db{s u{hu{bs gîdîfîs$ shnw `zbo dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#Dbs u{îsbcwbs gnsuhsnwnhcs cb {bsw{bnfcbcw bc {nbc db g{hnw gb whwb U`{wnb òhcjnw g„h{f`cnsb{$ sn bddb db u{îá{b$ g„`w{bs w{`csuh{ws bw gb gîdnz{b{ gbss`-ohcgnws `q ohcgnwnhcs pn uh{{hcw ìw{b ohczbcbs#

Dbs {`ns hoo`snhccîs u`{ d„bmudhn gb obs mh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w sb{hcw suuh{-wîs u{huh{wnhccbddbmbcw å d„nmuh{w`cob gbs bczhns u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnwghcw dbs {bssh{wnss`cws kîcîonbcw gb obs sb{znobs#

@nod 00;D` obcs{b gb d` oh{{bsuhcg`cob `g{bssîb `q ncwb{cîs h bquîgnîb u`{ bqgbz{` ìw{b `nwb g`cs db uds k{b gîd`n uhssnkdb#

Db ohcw{÷db gbs bczhns gbswncîs `q ncwb{cîs cb gbz{` u`s s„bbowb{ g`csgbs ohcgnwnhcs wbddbs p„nd ohmu{hmbwwb d` ohcsb{z`wnhc gbs gbc{îbs p„ndsohcwnbccbcw bw nd sb b{` bc u{îsbcob g gbswnc`w`n{b h g„c o`m`{`gb m`c-g`wî u`{ dn# D` {bmnsb gbs bczhns ncgnzngbds h ohddbowns `q ncwb{cîs cbuh{{` ìw{b {bw`{gîb shs u{îwbqwb gb gnodwîs gb obcs{b#

Whwb ncwb{gnownhc gb oh{{bsuhcg`cob îgnowîb u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw$ uh{gbs {`nshcs mndnw`n{bs h uhdnwnpbs$ cb uh{{` ìw{b pb wbmuh{`n{b bw g„cbg{îb `ssn k{ázb pb uhssnkdb#

@nod 00?Dbs Unss`cobs gîwbcw{nobs `ss{b{hcw whwbs dbs òndnwîs {`nshcc`kdbs uh{d` w{`csmnssnhc$ u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob h gb d„fbcobobcw{`db u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 075 h u`{ g„`w{bs mh~bcs {bpns$ gb wbsw`mbcws$

gb u{ho{`wnhcs$ h gb whs `w{bs ghombcws gbswncîs `q ncwb{cîs h pnîm`cbcw g„bq#

G`cs whs dbs o`s$ dbs Unss`cobs gîwbcw{nobs òndnwb{hcw `q ncwb{cîs d„îw`-kdnssbmbcw bw d` dîf`dns`wnhc bc khccb bw gb h{mb gb obs ghombcws 9 bddbsdbs `wh{nsb{hcw bc u`{wnodnb{ å ohcsdwb{ c l{nswb#

@nod 007D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob òoh{gb{` `q ncwb{cîs whwbs òndnwîs ohmu`wnkdbs

`zbo db {îfnmb gb d„ncwb{cbmbcw bw d` dîfnsd`wnhc bc znfb{ uh{ p„nds uns-sbcw fî{b{ db{s knbcs# obw bbw$ bddb uh{{` dbs `wh{nsb{ å sh{wn{ g dnbg„ncwb{cbmbcw$ g`cs dbs o`s {fbcws$ bw sn dbs on{ohcsw`cobs db ub{mbwwbcw#



;55 7b OhczBcwnhc

@nod 002G`cs whs dbs o`s hþ c ncwb{cî sb{` u`{wnb å c u{hoás gbz`cw c w{nkc`dpbd p„nd shnw$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob gbz{`$ s{ d` gbm`cgb gb d„ncwî{bssî$

nch{mb{ db w{nkc`d gb s` gîwbcwnhc bw gbz{`$ g`cs dbs dnmnwbs dîf`dbs$ zbnddb{ åob pb shnbcw u{nsbs whwbs dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ p„nd cb sknssb òcu{îlgnob g `nw gb shc ncwb{cbmbcw$ bc ob pn ohcob{cb d` u{îu`{`wnhc bw dòhcgnwb gb shc u{hoás$ h d„bqîownhc gb whw lfbmbcw {bcg u`{ db w{nkc`d#

@nod 00:Oa`pb ncwb{cî sb{` `wh{nsî å {bobzhn{ å ncwb{z`ddbs {îfdnb{s$ bw `ssn {î-pbmmbcw pb uhssnkdb$ gbs znsnwbs bw bc u{bmnb{ dnb obddbs gb sbs u{hoabs#

Bc o`s g„{fbcob bw g`cs d` mbs{b g uhssnkdb$ chw`mmbcw bc o`s gb gîoásh gb m`d`gnb f{`zb g„c u`{bcw$ d„ncwb{cî sb{` `wh{nsî å sb {bcg{b g`cs s``mnddb#

OA@UNW[B Nq _

@nod 006_hs {îsb{zb gbs gnsuhsnwnhcs g u{îsbcw oaùnw{b$ d` dîfnsd`wnhc bc znfb{s{ db wb{{nwhn{b hþ nds sb w{hzbcw ohcwncb{` gb s„ùudnpb{ `q ncwb{cîs pnohmmbwwbcw gbs nc{òwnhcs ubcg`cw d„ncwb{cbmbcw#

_n dbs dhns$ {áfdbmbcws h h{g{bs fîcî{`q gîod`{bcw ucnss`kdbs gbs òwbsohmmns u`{ dbs ncwb{cîs$ `dh{s pb dbs mìmbs òwbs cb db shcw u`s p`cg ndsshcw ohmmns u`{ gbs ub{shccbs pn cb shcw u`s ncwb{cîbs$ obs òwbs cb uh{-{hcw bcw{`ãcb{ pb gbs s`cownhcs gnsonudnc`n{bs#

rc ncwb{cî cb uh{{`$ å {`nshc g mìmb `nw h g mìmb oab g„òos`wnhc$ìw{b ucn p„cb sbdb hns#

@nod 001Uh{ qb{ d` ubncb$ dbs w{nkc`q h `wh{nwîs u{bcg{hcw bc ohcsngî{`wnhc$g`cs d` uds d`{fb mbs{b uhssnkdb$ db `nw pb db u{îzbc c„bsw u`s c {bssh{-wnss`cw gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob# Nds sb{hcw dnk{bs g„`wwîcb{ d` ubncb u{îzbuh{ d„nc{òwnhc ghcw bsw u{îzbc d„ncwb{cî bw cb sb{hcw u`s wbcs$ å obw bbw$g„hksb{zb{ db mncnmm gb obwwb ubncb#

_hcw ncwb{gnwbs whwbs nco`{oî{`wnhcs g`cs gbs dho`q chc îod`n{îs u`{ d` d-mná{b g lh{ bw$ g„cb m`cná{b fîcî{`db$ whwb h{mb pbdohcpb gb o{`wî#

Dbs ncwb{cîs ucns cb uh{{hcw$ ù{ás `zhn{ skn dbs ubncbs pn db{ `{hcwîwî ncjnfîbs gnsonudnc`n{bmbcw h lgnon`n{bmbcw$ ìw{b w{`nwîs gnî{bmmbcwgbs `w{bs ncwb{cîs#

Jòndnwîs bc

o`s gb u{hoás

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Îz`snhc

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ohccbqbs

D` g{îb gb d` gîwbcwnhc u{îzbcwnzb sknb u`{ c ncwb{cî sb{` gîgnwb gbwhwb ubncb u{nz`wnzb gb dnkb{wî pn dn sb{`nw ncjnfîb gnsonudnc`n{bmbcw h lgnon`n{bmbcw#

Dbs ohmnwîs g„ncwb{cîs sb{hcw nch{mîs gb whwbs dbs u{hoîg{bs lgnon`n{bs bcf`-fîbs ohcw{b gbs ncwb{cîs ghcw nds shcw dbs m`cg`w`n{bs$ `ncsn pb gb db{s {îsdw`ws#

@nod 00>Dbs ubncbs gnsonudnc`n{bs ùudno`kdbs `q ncwb{cîs sb{hcw <

0. d„`mbcgb lsp„å ohco{{bcob gb 25 uh{ obcw g s`d`n{b u{îz å d„`{-wnodb¥>2 bw obd` ubcg`cw cb uî{nhgb pn c„bqoîgb{` u`s w{bcwb lh{s 9

;. d` suu{bssnhc g„`z`cw`fbs òoh{gîs bc ss g w{`nwbmbcw u{îz u`{ dù{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc 9

?. dbs oh{zîbs c„bqoîg`cw u`s gbq ab{bs u`{ lh{$ bw bqîowîbs bc zb gbd„bcw{bwnbc g dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw 9

7. dbs `{{ìws#

Bc òc o`s$ dbs ubncbs gnsonudnc`n{bs cb sb{hcw ncam`ncbs$ k{w`dbs hg`cfb{bsbs uh{ d` s`cwî gbs ncwb{cîs# Bddbs gbz{hcw wbcn{ ohmuwb gb db{ëfb$ gb db{ sbqb bw gb db{ îw`w gb s`cwî#

D` g{îb g„cb mìmb ucnwnhc cb gîu`ssb{` l`m`ns c m`qnmm gb w{bcwb lh{s ohcsîowns$ mìmb g`cs dbs o`s hþ c ncwb{cî `{`nw å {îuhcg{b gnson-udnc`n{bmbcw gb udsnb{s `nws$ ` mhmbcw hþ nd bsw sw`wî å shc îf`{g$ pbobs `nws shnbcw ohccbqbs h chc#

@nod 0;5Dbs ncwb{cîs îz`gîs$ h pn wbcwbcw gb s„îz`gb{$ pn sb{`nbcw {bu{ns$ cb sb{hcwu`ssnkdbs uh{ obw òwb$ mìmb s„nd ~ ` {îongnzb$ pb gb ubncbs gnsonudnc`n{bs#

Bc gî{hf`wnhc w{hnsnámb dncî` gb d„`{wnodb 001$ dbs ncwb{cîs ucns å d` snwbg„cb îz`snhc h g„cb wbcw`wnzb g„îz`snhc uh{{hcw ìw{b shmns å c {îfnmbgb s{zbndd`cob suîon`d$ å ohcgnwnhc whwbhns pb ob {îfnmb c„`bowb u`s db{îw`w gb s`cwî$ p„nd shnw skn g`cs c dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw bw p„nd cb ohmuh{wbd` suu{bssnhc g„òcb gbs f`{`cwnbs pn db{ shcw òoh{gîbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwbOhczbcwnhc#

Dbs ncwb{cîs pn `{hcw ohhuî{î å cb îz`snhc h å cb wbcw`wnzb g„îz`snhc

cb sb{hcw u`ssnkdbs gb ob oab pb g„cb ucnwnhc gnsonudnc`n{b#

@nod 0;0D„îz`snhc h d` wbcw`wnzb g„îz`snhc$ mìmb s„nd ~ ` {îongnzb$ cb sb{` u`s ohcsn-gî{îb ohmmb cb on{ohcsw`cob `ff{`z`cwb$ g`cs db o`s hþ d„ncwb{cî sb{`nwgîî{î `q w{nkc`q uh{ gbs nc{òwnhcs ohmmnsbs ` oh{s gb d„îz`snhc#

Ubncbs

gnsonudnc`n{bs



;5; 7b OhczBcwnhc

Dbs U`{wnbs ohcjnw zbnddb{hcw å ob pb dbs wh{nwîs ohmuîwbcwbs sbcw g„ncgd-fbcob g`cs db{ uu{îon`wnhc gb d` pbswnhc gb s`zhn{ sn cb nc{òwnhc ohmmnsbu`{ c ncwb{cî ghnw ìw{b ucnb gnsonudnc`n{bmbcw h lgnon`n{bmbcw$ chw`mmbcw

bc ob pn ohcob{cb dbs `nws ohccbqbs å d„îz`snhc h å d` wbcw`wnzb g„îz`snhc#

@nod 0;;Dbs `nws ohcswnw`cw cb `wb ohcw{b d` gnsonudncb b{hcw d„hklbw g„cb bcpìwbnmmîgn`wb# Nd bc sb{` chw`mmbcw ncsn uh{ d „îz`snhc h d` wbcw`wnzb g„îz`snhc$bw d„ncwb{cî {bu{ns sb{` {bmns `ssnw÷w pb uhssnkdb `q `wh{nwîs ohmuîwbcwbs#

Uh{ whs dbs ncwb{cîs$ d` gîwbcwnhc u{îzbcwnzb bc o`s gb `wb gnsonudnc`n{b sb{`{îgnwb ` sw{now mncnmm bw bddb c„bqoîgb{` u`s p`wh{|b lh{s 9 g`cs whs dbs

o`s s` g{îb sb{` gîgnwb gb d` ubncb u{nz`wnzb gb dnkb{wî pn sb{`nw ncjnfîb#Dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs gbs `{wnodbs 0;7 bw 0;2 s„ùudnpb{hcw `q ncwb{cîs gîwbcsu{îzbcwnzbmbcw uh{ `wb gnsonudnc`n{b#

@nod 0;?_`cs u{îlgnob gb d` ohmuîwbcob gbs w{nkc`q bw gbs `wh{nwîs suî{nb{bs$dbs ubncbs gnsonudnc`n{bs cb uh{{hcw ìw{b u{hchcoîbs pb u`{ db ohmm`c-g`cw g dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw h u`{ c honb{ h c hcownhcc`n{b {bsuhc-

s`kdb å pn nd `{` gîdîfî shc uhzhn{ gnsonudnc`n{b#z`cw pb cb shnw u{hchcoîb cb ubncb gnsonudnc`n{b$ d„ncwb{cî ncoduî sb{`nch{mî `zbo u{îonsnhc gbs `nws pn dn shcw {bu{hoaîs# Nd sb{` `wh{nsî å ls-wnb{ s` ohcgnwb$ å sb gîbcg{b$ å `n{b bcwbcg{b gbs wîmhncs bw å {boh{n{$ bco`s gb cîobssnwî$ q hobs g„c ncwb{u{áwb p`dnî# D` gîonsnhc sb{` u{hchc-oîb bc u{îsbcob gb d„ncoduî bw g„c mbmk{b g ohmnwî g„ncwb{cîs#

Nd cb s„îohdb{` u`s uds g„c mhns bcw{b d` gîonsnhc gnsonudnc`n{b bw shcbqîownhc#

Dh{sp„c ncwb{cî sb{` {ùuî g„cb chzbddb ubncb gnsonudnc`n{b$ c gîd`n gbw{hns lh{s ` mhncs sîu`{b{` d„bqîownhc gb oaòcb gbs ubncbs$ gás pb d`g{îb g„cb g„bddbs sb{` gb gnq lh{s h uds#

Db ohmm`cg`cw g dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw gbz{` wbcn{ c {bfnsw{b gbs ubncbsgnsonudnc`n{bs u{hchcoîbs pn sb{` mns å d` gnsuhsnwnhc gbs {bu{îsbcw`cws gbd` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob#

@nod 0;7Bc òc o`s$ dbs ncwb{cîs cb uh{{hcw ìw{b w{`csî{îs g`cs gbs îw`kdnssb-mbcws uîcnwbcwn`n{bs !u{nshcs$ uîcnwbconb{s$ k`fcbs$ bwo#. uh{ ~ skn{ gbsubncbs gnsonudnc`n{bs#

Dbs dho`q g`cs dbspbds sb{hcw sknbs dbs ubncbs gnsonudnc`n{bs sb{hcwohch{mbs `q bqnfbcobs gb d„a~fnácb$ bw ohmuh{wb{hcw chw`mmbcw c

Bcprìwb#

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DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> ;5?

Ohcgnwnhcs

[áfdbs uudn-

o`kdbs bc o`s

gb uhr{srnwbs

lrgnon`n{bs

m`wî{nbd gb ohoa`fb ss`cw 9 dbs ncwb{cîs ucns sb{hcw mns å mìmb gb sbwbcn{ bc îw`w gb u{hu{bwî#

Dbs bmmbs ncwb{cîbs$ sknss`cw cb ubncb gnsonudnc`n{b$ sb{hcw gîwbcbs

g`cs gbs dho`q gnswncows gb obq gbs ahmmbs bw sb{hcw udòîbs shs d` s{- zbndd`cob nmmîgn`wb gb bmmbs#

@nod 0;2Dbs ncwb{cîs ucns gnsonudnc`n{bmbcw `{hcw d` òdwî gb u{bcg{b oa`pb lh{ gb d„bqb{onob bw g„ìw{b bc udbnc `n{ ubcg`cw ` mhncs gbq ab{bs#

Nds sb{hcw `wh{nsîs$ s{ db{ gbm`cgb$ å sb u{îsbcwb{ å d` znsnwb mîgno`db phwn-gnbccb 9 nds {bobz{hcw dbs shncs pb cîobssnwb db{ îw`w gb s`cwî bw$ db o`s îoaî`cw$

sb{hcw îzòîs s{ d „nc{mb{nb g dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw h s{ c a÷unw`d#

Nds sb{hcw wh{nsîs å dn{b bw å îo{n{b$ ncsn p„å bquîgnb{ bw å {bobzhn{ gbs dbww{bs#Bc {bz`coab$ dbs ohdns bw dbs bczhns g„`{fbcw uh{{hcw cb db{ ìw{b gîdnz{îs p„åd„bqun{`wnhc gb d` ubncb 9 nds sb{hcw ohcîs$ bc `wwbcg`cw$ ` ohmnwî g„ncwb{cîspn {bmbww{` å d„ nc{mb{nb dbs gbc{îbs uî{nss`kdbs sb w{hz`cw g`cs obs ohdns#

oc ncwb{cî ucn gnsonudnc`n{bmbcw cb uh{{` ìw{b u{nzî g kîcîob gbsgnsuhsnwnhcs gbs `{wnodbs 056 bw 07?#

@nod 0;:Dbs `{wnodbs 60 å 6: ncods sb{hcw ùudnpîs u`{ `c`dhfnb `q u{hoîg{bs bc-f`fîbs ohcw{b gbs ncwb{cîs sb w{hz`cw s{ db wb{{nwhn{b c`wnhc`d gb d` Uns-s`cobs gîwbcw{nob#

OA@UNW[B q j

@nod 0;6Db w{`csb{w gbs ncwb{cîs s„bbowb{` whlh{s `zbo am`cnwî# N0 ~ sb{` u{hoîgî$bc {áfdb fîcî{`db$ u`{ oabmnc gb b{ h u`{ g„`w{bs mh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w bw g`csgbs ohcgnwnhcs ` mhncs îf`dbs å obddbs ghcw kîcîonbcw dbs w{hubs gb d` Uns-s`cob gîwbcw{nob g`cs db{s gîudòbmbcws# _n$ bqobuwnhccbddbmbcw$ gbs w{`csb{wsghnzbcw ìw{b `nws å unbg$ nds cb uh{{hcw `zhn{ dnb pb sn d„îw`w ua~snpb gbs nc-wb{cîs db ub{mbw bw cb gbz{hcw bc oc o`s db{ nmuhsb{ gb `wnfbs bqobssnzbs#

D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob h{cn{` `q ncwb{cîs$ ubcg`cw db w{`csb{w$ gb d„bùhw`kdb bw gb d` ch{{nw{b bc p`cwnwî$ p`dnwî bw z`{nîwî ss`cwbs uh{dbs m`ncwbcn{ bc khccb s`cwî$ `ncsn pb dbs zìwbmbcws$ dbs `k{ns ohczbc`kdbsbw dbs shncs mîgno`q cîobss`n{bs# Bddb u{bcg{` whwbs dbs u{îo`wnhcs wndbsuh{ `ss{b{ db{ sîo{nwî ubcg`cw db w{`csb{w bw bddb îw`kdn{`$ `z`cw db{ gî-u`{w$ d` dnswb ohmudáwb gbs ncwb{cîs w{`csî{îs#

F`{`cwnbs

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Dbs ncwb{cîs m`d`gbs$ kdbssîs h nc{mbs$ `ncsn pb dbs bmmbs bc ohoabscb sb{hcw u`s w{`csî{îs w`cw pb db{ s`cwî uh{{`nw ìw{b ohmu{hmnsb u`{ db zh~`fb$ å mhncs pb db{ sîo{nwî cb d„bqnfb nmuî{nbsbmbcw#

_n db {hcw sb {ùu{hoab g„c dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw$ dbs ncwb{cîs pn s„~ w{hzbcwcb sb{hcw w{`csî{îs pb sn db{ w{`csb{w ubw s„bbowb{ g`cs gbs ohcgnwnhcsss`cwbs gb sîo{nwî$ h s„nds oh{bcw gb uds f{`cgs {nspbs å {bswb{ s{udòb p„å ìw{b w{`csî{îs#

D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ bc gîong`cw db w{`csb{w gbs ncwb{cîs$ gbz{` wbcn{ohmuwb gb db{s ncwî{ìws$ bc zb chw`mmbcw gb cb u`s oo{hãw{b dbs gnodwîsg {ù`w{nbmbcw h g {bwh{ ` dnb gb db{ ghmnondb#

@nod 0;1Bc o`s gb w{`csb{w$ dbs ncwb{cîs sb{hcw `znsîs honbddbmbcw gb db{ gîu`{w bwgb db{ chzbddb g{bssb uhsw`db 9 obw zns db{ sb{` ghccî ssb| w÷w uh{ p„ndsunssbcw u{îu`{b{ db{s k`f`fbs bw `zb{wn{ db{ `mnddb#

Nds sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å bmuh{wb{ db{s bbws ub{shccbds$ db{ oh{{bsuhcg`cobbw dbs ohdns `{{nzîs å db{ `g{bssb 9 db uhngs gb obs k`f`fbs uh{{` ìw{b {îgnw sndbs on{ohcsw`cobs g w{`csb{w d„bqnfbcw$ m`ns bc òc o`s å mhncs gb zncfw-oncp indhs u`{ ncwb{cî#

D` oh{{bsuhcg`cob bw dbs ohdns `g{bssîs å db{ `conbc dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw db{sb{hcw w{`csmns s`cs gîd`n#

Db ohmm`cg`cw g dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw u{bcg{`$ g„bcwbcwb `zbo db ohmnwî g„nc-wb{cîs$ dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ bbowb{ db w{`csb{w gbs knbcs ohddbownsgbs ncwb{cîs bw gbs k`f`fbs pb dbs ncwb{cîs cb uh{{`nbcw bmuh{wb{ `zbo bq$bc {`nshc g„cb dnmnw`wnhc u{nsb bc zb{w g gbqnámb dncî` g u{îsbcw {wnodb#

OA@UNW[B qNGá

@nod 0;>Dbs ncwb{cîs uh{{hcw {bmbww{b db{s wbsw`mbcws `q `wh{nwîs {bsuhcs`kdbspn bc `ss{b{hcw d` f`{gb# Bc o`s gb gîoás gbs ncwb{cîs$ obs wbsw`mbcws sb-{hcw w{`csmns u{hmuwbmbcw `q ub{shccbs gîsnfcîbs u`{ dbs ncwb{cîs#

Db gîoás gb oa`pb ncwb{cî sb{` ohcsw`wî u`{ c mîgbonc bw c ob{wno`w

bquhs`cw dbs o`sbs g gîoás bw dbs ohcgnwnhcs g`cs dbspbddbs nd s„bsw u{hgnwsb{` îw`kdn#

rc òwb gb gîoás honbd$ gmbcw bc{bfnsw{î$ sb{` îw`kdn ohch{mîmbcw `qu{bso{nuwnhcs bc znfb{ s{ db wb{{nwhn{b hþ bsw snwî db dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcwbw cb ohunb ob{wnîb ohch{mb bc sb{` `g{bssîb {ùngbmbcw å d` Unss`cobu{hwbow{nob `ncsn p„å d„fbcob obcw{`db u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 075#

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@nod 0?5Dbs `wh{nwîs gîwbcw{nobs zbnddb{hcw å ob pb dbs ncwb{cîs gîoîgîs bc oùwnznwîshnbcw bcwb{{îs ahch{`kdbmbcw$ sn uhssnkdb sbdhc dbs {nwbs gb d` {bdnfnhc å d`-

pbddb nds ùu`{wbc`nbcw$ bw pb db{s whmkbs shnbcw {bsubowîbs$ ohczbc`kdb-mbcw bcw{bwbcbs bw m`{pîbs gb `æhc å uhzhn{ whlh{s ìw{b {bw{hzîbs#

Dbs ncwb{cîs gîoîgîs sb{hcw bcwb{{îs ncgnzngbddbmbcw$ s` db o`s gb h{obm`lb{b pn nmuhsb{`nw cb whmkb ohddbownzb# Dbs oh{us cb uh{{hcw ìw{b nc-oncî{îs pb uh{ g„nmuî{nbsbs {`nshcs g„a~fnácb h bc {`nshc gb d` {bdnfnhcg gîoîgî h bcoh{b s„nd bc ` bqu{nmî db gîsn{# Bc o`s g„nconcî{`wnhc$ nd bc sb{``nw mbcwnhc `zbo ncgno`wnhc gbs mhwns s{ d„òwb gb gîoás gbs ncwb{cîs# Dbsobcg{bs sb{hcw ohcsb{zîbs `zbo shnc u`{ dbs `wh{nwîs gîwbcw{nobs bw sb{hcw {b-

mnsbs `ssn {ùngbmbcw pb uhssnkdb `q u{hoabs u`{bcws$ s„nds db gbm`cgbcw#Gás pb dbs on{ohcsw`cobs db ub{mbww{hcw bw ` uds w`{g å d` c gbs ahswn-dnwîs$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob w{`csmbww{`$ u`{ d„ncwb{mîgn`n{b gbs K{b`qgb {bcsbnfcbmbcws u{îzs å d„`{wnodb 02:$ `q Unss`cobs ghcw dbs ncwb{cîsgîoîgîs gîubcg`nbcw$ gbs dnswbs gbs whmkbs gbs ncwb{cîs gîoîgîs# Obs dnswbsghccb{hcw whs gîw`nds cîobss`n{bs å d „ngbcwno`wnhc gbs ncwb{cîs gîoîgîs bw åd` dho`dns`wnhc bqòwb gb obs whmkbs#

@nod 0?0Whw gîoás h whwb kdbss{b f{`zb g„c ncwb{cî o`sîs h ssubows g„`zhn{ îwîo`sîs u`{ cb sbcwncbddb$ u`{ c `w{b ncwb{cî h u`{ whwb `w{b ub{shccb$`ncsn pb whw gîoás ghcw d` o`sb bsw ncohccb sb{hcw snzns nmmîgn`wbmbcwg„cb bcpìwb honbddb gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob#

rcb ohmmcno`wnhc å ob slbw sb{` `nwb nmmîgn`wbmbcw å d` Unss`cob u{h-wbow{nob# Dbs gîuhsnwnhcs gb whw wîmhnc sb{hcw {bobnddnbs 9 c {ùuh{w dbsohcwbc`cw sb{` îw`kdn bw ohmmcnpî å d`gnwb Unss`cob#

_n d„bcpìwb îw`kdnw d` odu`kndnwî g„cb h gb udsnb{s ub{shccbs$ dÙnss`cob gîwbcw{nob u{bcg{` whwbs mbs{bs uh{ d` uh{snwb lgnon`n{b gh gbs {bsuhcs`kdbs#

OA@UNW[B qNND$~

@nod 0?;Whwb ub{shccb ncwb{cîb sb{` dnkî{îb u`{ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$ gás pb dbso`sbs pn hcw mhwnzî shc ncwb{cbmbcw c„bqnswb{hcw uds#

Bc hw{b$ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s„bh{ob{hcw gb ohcod{b$ ubcg`cw d` g{îbgbs ahswndnwîs$ gbs òoh{gs bc zb gb d` dnkî{`wnhc$ g {ù`w{nbmbcw$ g {b-wh{ ` dnb gb ghmnondb h gb d„ahsunw`dns`wnhc bc u`~s cbw{b gb ob{w`ncbs

Ncarm`wnhc#

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Ubcg`cw

dbs ahswndnwîs

hr ubcg`cw

d„hooru`wnhc



;5: 7b OhczBcwnhc

o`wîfh{nbs g„ncwb{cîs$ bw chw`mmbcw gbs bc`cws$ gbs bmmbs bcobncwbs bwgbs má{bs `zbo ch{{nsshcs bw bc`cws bc k`s ëfb$ gbs kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs hgbs ncwb{cîs `~`cw skn cb dhcfb oùwnznwî#

@nod 0??D„ncwb{cbmbcw obssb{` db uds {ùngbmbcw uhssnkdb ù{ás d` c gbs ahswndnwîs#

Whwbhns$ dbs ncwb{cîs s{ db wb{{nwhn{b g„cb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw$ pn sb{`nbcw shsdb ohu g„cb uh{snwb uîc`db uh{ gbs nc{òwnhcs pn cb shcw u`s bqodsnzb-mbcw u`ssnkdbs g„cb ubncb gnsonudnc`n{b$ uh{{hcw ìw{b {bwbcs lsp„å d` cgb d` u{hoîg{b bw$ db o`s îoaî`cw$ lsp„å d„bqun{`wnhc gb d` ubncb# Nd bc sb{` gbmìmb uh{ obq pn hcw îwî ohcg`mcîs `cwî{nb{bmbcw å cb ubncb u{nz`wnzb

gb dnkb{wî#U`{ òoh{g bcw{b d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob bw dbs Unss`cobs ncwî{bssîbs$ gbsohmmnssnhcs gbz{hcw ìw{b ncswnwîbs$ ù{ás d` c gbs ahswndnwîs h gb d„hoo-u`wnhc g wb{{nwhn{b$ uh{ {boab{oab{ dbs ncwb{cîs gnsub{sîs#

@nod 0?7Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bh{ob{hcw å d` c gbs ahswndnwîs h gbd„hoou`wnhc$ g„`ss{b{ db {bwh{ gb whs dbs ncwb{cîs å db{ gb{cná{b {îsn-

gbcob$ h gb òndnwb{ db{ {ù`w{nbmbcw#

@nod 0?2D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob suuh{wb{` dbs {`ns gb {bwh{ gbs ncwb{cîs dnkî{îs qdnbq hþ nds {îsng`nbcw ` mhmbcw gb db{ ncwb{cbmbcw h$ sn bddb dbs ` ùu{î-abcgîs ` oh{s gb db{ zh~`fb h bc a`wb mb{$ dbs {`ns cîobss`n{bs uh{db{ ub{mbww{b gb wb{mncb{ db{ zh~`fb h gb {bwh{cb{ å db{ uhncw gb gîu`{w#

_n d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob {bsb d` ub{mnssnhc gb {îsngb{ s{ shc wb{{nwhn{b å

c ncwb{cî dnkî{î pn$ u{îoîgbmmbcw$ ~ `z`nw shc ghmnondb {îfdnb{$ bddb u`nb{`dbs {`ns gb shc {ù`w{nbmbcw# _n$ obubcg`cw$ d„ncwb{cî u{îá{b {bcw{b{ g`csshc u`~s shs s` u{hu{b {bsuhcs`kndnwî$ h uh{ hkîn{ ` fhzb{cbmbcw `-pbd nd ghnw `ddîfb`cob$ d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob c„bsw u`s wbcb gb u`~b{ obsgîubcsbs `-gbdå gb shc wb{{nwhn{b# D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob cb sb{` u`s wbcbgb u`~b{ dbs {`ns gb {ù`w{nbmbcw g„c ncwb{cî pn `{`nw îwî ncwb{cî s{ sù{hu{b gbm`cgb#

_n dbs ncwb{cîs shcw w{`csî{îs ohch{mîmbcw å d„`{wnodb 72$ d` Unss`cob pn

dbs w{`csá{b bw obddb pn dbs òobnddb s„bcwbcg{hcw s{ d` u`{w gbs {`ns pngbz{hcw ìw{b suuh{wîs u`{ oaòcb g„bddbs#

Dbsgnwbs gnsuhsnwnhcs cb gbz{hcw u`s uh{wb{ `wwbncwb å gbs `{{`cfbmbcwssuîon`q pn uh{{`nbcw ìw{b ohcods bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw ` slbw gbd„îoa`cfb bw g {ù`w{nbmbcw gb db{s {bssh{wnss`cws bc m`ncs bccbmnbs#

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G`cs db uds k{b gîd`n uhssnkdb$ oaòcb gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw w{`csmbww{` `gnw K{b` gbs nch{m`wnhcs s{ dbs mbs{bs u{nsbs u`{ bddb ohcw{b whwb ub{-shccb u{hwîfîb ùu{îabcgîb gbuns uds gb gbq sbm`ncbs$ mnsb bc {îsngbcob

h{oîb h ncwb{cîb# Bc hw{b$ bddb oa`{fb{` sbs gnzb{s sb{znobs ncwî{bssîs gbh{cn{ {ùngbmbcw ` K{b` u{îonwî dbs ncgno`wnhcs ohcob{c`cw dbs oa`cfb-mbcws s{zbcs g`cs d„îw`w gb obs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs$ wbds pb dbs w{`csb{ws$dnkî{`wnhcs$ {ù`w{nbmbcws$ îz`snhcs$ ahsunw`dns`wnhcs$ c`nss`cobs bw gîoás#

@nod 0?6Db K{b` c`wnhc`d gb {bcsbnfcbmbcws b{` u`{zbcn{ g„{fbcob$ u`{ dbsmh~bcs dbs uds {ùngbs$ bw u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb$ g„cb u`{w$ gbs Unss`cobs

u{hwbow{nobs bw$ g„`w{b u`{w$ gb d„fbcob obcw{`db u{îzb å d„`{wnodb 075$ dbsnch{m`wnhcs ohcob{c`cw dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs å d` Unss`cob ghcw dbs ub{-shccbs znsîbs on-gbsss shcw {bssh{wnss`cwbs h å d` Unss`cob s{ db wb{{nwhn{bgb d`pbddb bddbs `z`nbcw db{ {îsngbcob# Dbs K{b`q {îuhcg{hcw îf`dbmbcw åwhwbs dbs gbm`cgbs pn db{ shcw g{bssîbs slbw gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs#

Dbs K{b`q gb {bcsbnfcbmbcws w{`csmbww{hcw dbs nch{m`wnhcs {bd`wnzbs åcb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb$ s` g`cs dbs o`s hþ db{ w{`csmnssnhc uh{{`nw uh{-wb{ u{îlgnob å d` ub{shccb ncwî{bssîb h å s` `mnddb# Mìmb g`cs ob o`s$dbs nch{m`wnhcs cb uh{{hcw ìw{b {bsîbs å d„fbcob obcw{`db pn$ `~`cw îwî`zb{wnb gbs on{ohcsw`cobs$ u{bcg{` dbs u{îo`wnhcs cîobss`n{bs ncgnpîbs åd„`{wnodb 075#

Whwbs dbs ohmmcno`wnhcs îo{nwbs `nwbs u`{ c K{b` sb{hcw `wabcwnîbsu`{ cb snfc`w{b h u`{ c sob`#

@nod 0?1Dbs nch{m`wnhcs {bæbs u`{ db K{b` c`wnhc`d gb {bcsbnfcbmbcws bw {b-w{`csmnsbs u`{ dn sb{hcw gb c`w{b å ub{mbww{b g„ngbcwnb{ bqòwbmbcw dùb{shccb u{hwîfîb bw g„`znsb{ {ùngbmbcw s` `mnddb# Bddbs ohmuh{wb{hcwuh{ oa`pb ub{shccb ` mhncs db chm gb `mnddb$ dbs u{îchms$ db dnb bw d`g`wb ohmudáwb gb c`nss`cob$ d` c`wnhc`dnwî$ d` gb{cná{b {îsngbcob$ dbs snfcbsu`{wnodnb{s$ db u{îchm g uá{b bw db chm gb d` má{b$ d` g`wb bw d` c`w{b gbd` mbs{b u{nsb å d„îf`{g gb d` ub{shccb$ `ncsn pb db dnb hþ bddb ` îwî u{nsb$

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@nod 070Dbs K{b`q c`wnhc`q gb {bcsbnfcbmbcws bw d„fbcob obcw{`db gb {bcsbnfcb-mbcws lhn{hcw gb d` {`coansb gb uh{w bc whwb m`wná{b uhsw`db$ `ncsn pb gbs

bqbmuwnhcs u{îzbs å d„`{wnodb 005$ bw$ g`cs whwb d` mbs{b g uhssnkdb$ gbd` {`coansb wîdîf{ùanpb h ` mhncs g„nmuh{w`cwbs {îgownhcs gb w`qbs#

WNW[B NZGD`Z

_BOWNHC NGnsuhsnwnhcsfîcî{dbs

@nod 07;_hs {îsb{zb gbs mbs{bs p„bddbs bswnmb{`nbcw ncgnsubcs`kdbs uh{ f`{`cwn{db{ sîo{nwî h `n{b òb å whwb `w{b cîobssnwî {`nshcc`kdb$ dbs Unss`cobsgîwbcw{nobs {îsb{zb{hcw db mbnddb{ òobnd `q h{f`cns`wnhcs {bdnfnbsbs$ sh-onîwîs gb sboh{s$ h whw `w{b h{f`cnsmb pn znbcg{`nw bc `ngb `q ub{-shccbs u{hwîfîbs# Bddbs db{ ooh{gb{hcw whwbs òndnwîs cîobss`n{bs ncsn p„å

db{s gîdîfîs gmbcw òo{îgnwîs$ uh{ znsnwb{ dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs$ uh{db{ gnsw{nkb{ gbs sboh{s$ g m`wî{nbd gb whwb u{hzbc`cob gbswncî å gbscs îgo`wnzbs$ {îo{î`wnzbs h {bdnfnbsbs$ h uh{ dbs `ngb{ å h{f`cnsb{ db{sdhnsn{s å d„ncwî{nb{ gbs dnbq g„ncwb{cbmbcw# Dbs shonîwîs h h{f`cnsmbs u{î-onwîs uh{{hcw ìw{b ohcswnwîs shnw s{ db wb{{nwhn{b gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob$shnw g`cs c `w{b u`~s$ h knbc uh{{hcw `zhn{ c o`{òwá{b ncwb{c`wnhc`d#

D` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob uh{{` dnmnwb{ db chmk{b gbs shonîwîs bw h{f`cnsmbsghcw dbs gîdîfîs sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å bqb{ob{ db{ òwnznwî s{ shc wb{{nwhn{b bw

shs shc ohcw{÷db$ å ohcgnwnhc whwbhns p„cb wbddb dnmnw`wnhc c„bmuìoabu`s g„ uuh{wb{ cb ngb boòb bw ss`cwb å whwbs dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs#

D` snw`wnhc u`{wnodná{b g Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb g`cs obghm`ncb sb{` bc whw wbmus {bohccb bw {bsubowîb#

@nod 07?Dbs {bu{îsbcw`cws h dbs gîdîfîs gbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs sb{hcw `wh{n-sîs å sb {bcg{b g`cs whs dbs dnbq hþ sb w{hzbcw gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs$

chw`mmbcw g`cs dbs dnbq g„ncwb{cbmbcw$ gb gîwbcwnhc bw gb w{`z`nd#Nds `{hcw òoás å whs dbs dho`q wndnsîs u`{ dbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs bw uh{-{hcw s„bcw{bwbcn{ `zbo bddbs s`cs wîmhnc$ u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb g„c ncwb{u{áwb$ snobd` bsw cîobss`n{b#

J{`coansbs

_honîwîs

gb sbohr{s

bw rw{bs

h{f`cnsmbs

Ohcw{÷db



;05 7b OhczBcwnhc

Obs znsnwbs cb s`{`nbcw ìw{b ncwb{gnwbs p„bc {`nshc g„nmuî{nbsbs cîobssnwîsmndnw`n{bs bw sbdbmbcw å wnw{b bqobuwnhccbd bw wbmuh{`n{b# D` {îpbcob bw d`g{îb cb uh{{hcw bc ìw{b dnmnwîbs#

Whwb dnkb{wî sb{` d`nssîb `q {bu{îsbcw`cws bw `q gîdîfîs gbs Unss`cobsu{hwbow{nobs p`cw ` oahnq gbs bcg{hnws p„nds gîsn{bcw znsnwb{# D` Unss`cobgîwbcw{nob h hoou`cwb$ d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob bw$ db o`s îoaî`cw$ dÙnss`cob g„h{nfncb gbs ub{shccbs å znsnwb{ uh{{hcw s„bcwbcg{b uh{ pbgbs ohmu`w{nhwbs gbs ncwb{cîs shnbcw `gmns å u`{wnonub{ `q znsnwbs#

Dbs gîdîfîs g Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb kîcîonb{hcw gbsmìmbs u{î{hf`wnzbs# D` gîsnfc`wnhc gb obs gîdîfîs sb{` shmnsb å d„`f{î-mbcw gb d` Unss`cob shs d„`wh{nwî gb d`pbddb shcw udòîs dbs wb{{nwhn{bs hþ

nds ghnzbcw bqb{ob{ db{ òwnznwî#

@nod 077Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bcf`fbcw å gnsb{ db uds d`{fbmbcw uhs-snkdb$ bc wbmus gb u`nq bw bc wbmus gb fb{{b$ db wbqwb gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbc-wnhc g`cs db{s u`~s {bsubowns$ bw chw`mmbcw å bc ncoh{uh{b{ d„îwgb g`csdbs u{hf{`mmbs g„ncsw{ownhc mndnw`n{b bw$ sn uhssnkdb$ onzndb$ gb wbddb m`cná{bpb dbs u{nconubs bc shnbcw ohccs gb d„bcsbmkdb gb d` uhud`wnhc#

Dbs wh{nwîs onzndbs$ mndnw`n{bs$ gb uhdnob h w{bs pn$ bc wbmus gb fb{{b$ ss-mb{`nbcw gbs {bsuhcs`kndnwîs å d„îf`{g gbs ub{shccbs u{hwîfîbs$ gbz{hcw uhssî-gb{ db wbqwb gb d` Ohczbcwnhc bw ìw{b ncsw{nwbs suîon`dbmbcw gb sbs gnsuhsnwnhcs#

@nod 072Dbs A`wbs u`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs sb ohmmcnpb{hcw u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gOhcsbnd îgî{`d snssb bw$ ubcg`cw dbs ahswndnwîs$ u`{ d„bcw{bmnsb gbs Uns-s`cobs u{hwbow{nobs$ dbs w{`gownhcs honbddbs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$

`ncsn pb dbs dhns bw {áfdbmbcws p„bddbs uh{{hcw ìw{b mbcîbs å ghuwb{ uh{bc `ss{b{ d„ùudno`wnhc#

@nod 07:Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs s„bcf`fbcw å u{bcg{b whwb mbs{b dîfns-d`wnzb cîobss`n{b uh{ qb{ dbs s`cownhcs uîc`dbs `gîp`wbs å ùudnpb{ `qub{shccbs `~`cw ohmmns$ h ghccî d„h{g{b gb ohmmbww{b$ d„cb h d„`w{bgbs nc{òwnhcs f{`zbs å d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc gîcnbs å d„`{wnodb snz`cw#

Oa`pb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb `{` d„hkdnf`wnhc gb {boab{oab{ dbs ub{shccbsu{îzbcbs g„`zhn{ ohmmns$ h g„`zhn{ h{ghccî gb ohmmbww{b$ d„cb hd„`w{b gb obs nc{òwnhcs f{`zbs$ bw bddb gbz{` dbs gîî{b{ å sbs u{hu{bs w{n-kc`q$ pbddb pb shnw db{ c`wnhc`dnwî# Bddb uh{{` `ssn$ sn bddb db u{îá{b$bw sbdhc dbs ohcgnwnhcs u{îzbs u`{ s` u{hu{b dîfnsd`wnhc$ dbs {bmbww{b uh{ lfbmbcw å cb `w{b U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb ncwî{bssîb å d` uh{snwb$ uh{ `-

Gnrsnhc

gb d`

Ohczbcwnhc

W{`grownhcs#

Dhns

g„ùudno`wnhc

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uîc`dbs

N# Fîcî{`dnwîs




w`cw pb obwwb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb `nw {bwbc ohcw{b dbsgnwbs ub{shccbs gbsoa`{fbs ss`cwbs#

Oa`pb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb u{bcg{` dbs mbs{bs cîobss`n{bs uh{ `n{b obs-

sb{ dbs òwbs ohcw{`n{bs `q gnsuhsnwnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ `w{bspb dbs nc{òwnhcs f{`zbs gîcnbs å d„`{wnodb snz`cw#

Bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs$ dbs ncoduîs kîcîonb{hcw gb f`{`cwnbs gb u{hoîg{bbw gb dnk{b gîbcsb pn cb sb{hcw u`s ncî{nb{bs å obddbs u{îzbs u`{ dbs `{-wnodbs 052 bw snz`cws gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb {bd`wnzb ` w{`nwbmbcw gbsu{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b g 0; `hw 0>7>#

@nod 076

Dbs nc{òwnhcs f{`zbs znsîbs å d„`{wnodb u{îoîgbcw shcw obddbs pn ohmuh{wbcwd„c h d„`w{b gbs òwbs snz`cws$ s„nds shcw ohmmns ohcw{b gbs ub{shccbs hgbs knbcs u{hwîfîs u`{ d` Ohczbcwnhc < d„ahmnongb ncwbcwnhccbd$ d` wh{w{b hdbs w{`nwbmbcws ncam`ncs$ ~ ohmu{ns dbs bquî{nbcobs knhdhfnpbs$ db `nw gbo`sb{ ncwbcwnhccbddbmbcw gb f{`cgbs sh{`cobs h gb uh{wb{ gbs `wwbncwbsf{`zbs å d„ncwîf{nwî ua~snpb h å d` s`cwî$ d` gîuh{w`wnhc h db w{`csb{w nd-dîf`q$ d` gîwbcwnhc nddîf`db$ db `nw gb ohcw{`ncg{b cb ub{shccb u{hwîfîb åsb{zn{ g`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbs gb d` Unss`cob bccbmnb$ h obdn gb d` u{nzb{

gb shc g{hnw g„ìw{b lfîb {îfdná{bmbcw bw nmu`{wn`dbmbcw sbdhc dbs u{bso{nu-wnhcs gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ d` u{nsb g„hw`fbs$ d` gbsw{ownhc bw d„ùu{h-u{n`wnhc gb knbcs chc lswnîbs u`{ gbs cîobssnwîs mndnw`n{bs bw bqîowîbs s{cb f{`cgb îoabddb gb `æhc nddnonwb bw `{knw{`n{b#

@nod 071ocb A`wb U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb cb uh{{` s„bqhcî{b{ bddb-mìmb$ cn bqh-cî{b{ cb `w{b U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb$ gbs {bsuhcs`kndnwîs bcoh{bs u`{ bddb-mìmb h u`{ cb w{b U`{wnb ohcw{òw`cwb bc {`nshc gbs nc{òwnhcs u{îzbså d„`{wnodb u{îoîgbcw#

@nod 07> d` gbm`cgb g„cb U`{wnb ` ohcjnw$ cb bcpìwb gbz{` ìw{b hzb{wb$ sbdhcdb mhgb å qb{ bcw{b dbs U`{wnbs ncwî{bssîbs$ ` slbw gb whwb znhd`wnhc `ddî-fîb gb d` Ohczbcwnhc#



NN# Nc{òwnhcsf{`zbs

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kndnwîs gbs

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ohcw{ò-

w`cwbs

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;0; 7b OhczBcwnhc

_BOWNHC NNGnsuhsnwnhcsncdbs

@nod 025D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bsw îw`kdnb bc {`cæ`ns bw bc `cfd`ns# Dbs gbq wbqwbsshcw îf`dbmbcw wabcwnpbs#


@nod 020D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ pn uh{wb{` d` g`wb gb ob lh{$ uh{{`$ lsp„` 0;

îz{nb{ 0>25$ ìw{b snfcîb ` chm gbs Unss`cobs {bu{îsbcwîbs å d` Ohcî{bcobpn s„bsw hzb{wb å Fbcázb db ;0 `z{nd 0>7>#

@nod 02;D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc sb{` {`wnîb `ssnw÷w pb uhssnkdb bw dbs {`wno`wnhcssb{hcw gîuhsîbs å Kb{cb#

Nd sb{` g{bssî g gîu÷w gb oa`pb ncsw{mbcw gb {`wno`wnhc c u{hoás-zb{-k`d ghcw cb ohunb$ ob{wnîb ohch{mb$ sb{` {bmnsb u`{ db Ohcsbnd îgî{`d

snssb å whwbs dbs Unss`cobs ` chm gbspbddbs d` Ohczbcwnhc `{` îwî sn-fcîb h d„ gaîsnhc chwnîb#

@nod 02?D` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc bcw{b{` bc znfb{ snq mhns ù{ás pb gbq ncsw{-mbcws gb {`wno`wnhc ` mhncs `{hcw îwî gîuhsîs#


@nod 027G`cs dbs {ùuh{ws bcw{b Unss`cobs dnîbs u`{ d` Ohczbcwnhc gb D` A`~bohcob{c`cw dbs dhns bw ohwmbs gb d` fb{{b s{ wb{{b$ p„nd s„`fnssb gb obddbg ;> lnddbw 01>> h gb obddb g 01 howhk{b 0>56$ bw pn u`{wnonubcw å d` u{î-sbcwb Ohczbcwnhc$ obddb-on ohmudîwb{` dbs _bownhcs NN bw NNN g [áfdbmbcw `c-cbqî `q ssgnwbs Ohczbcwnhcs gb D` A`~b#

@nod 022Gás d` g`wb gb shc bcw{îb bc znfb{$ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc sb{` hzb{wb åd„`gaîsnhc gb whwb Unss`cob ` chm gb d`pbddb obwwb Ohczbcwnhc c„`{ù`s îwî snfcîb#

D`cfrbs

_nfc`wr{b

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znfrbr{

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Ohczbcwnhcs

gb D` A`~b

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DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> ;0?

@nod 02:Dbs `gaîsnhcs sb{hcw chwnîbs u`{ îo{nw ` Ohcsbnd îgî{`d snssb bw u{hgn-{hcw db{s bbws snq mhns ù{ás d` g`wb å d`pbddb bddbs dn sb{hcw u`{zbcbs#


@nod 026Dbs snw`wnhcs u{îzbs `q `{wnodbs ; bw ? ghccb{hcw bbw nmmîgn`w `q {`wn-o`wnhcs gîuhsîbs bw `q `gaîsnhcs chwnîbs u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw `z`cwh u{ás db gîkw gbs ahswndnwîs h gb d„hoou`wnhc# D` ohmmcno`wnhc gbs {`-wno`wnhcs h `gaîsnhcs {bæbs gbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw sb{` `nwb u`{ db Ohcsbnd

îgî{`d snssb u`{ d` zhnb d` uds {ùngb#

@nod 021Oaòcb gbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs `{` d` òdwî gb gîchcob{ d` u{î-sbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#


D` gîchcon`wnhc u{hgn{` sbs bbws c `c ù{ás s` chwno`wnhc ` Ohcsbndîgî{`d snssb# Whwbhns$ d` gîchcon`wnhc chwnîb `dh{s pb d` Unss`cob gî-chcæ`cwb bsw nmudnpîb g`cs c ohcjnw cb u{hgn{` òc bbw `ssn dhcf-wbmus pb d` u`nq c„`{` u`s îwî ohcodb bw$ bc whw o`s$ `ssn dhcfwbmuspb dbs huî{`wnhcs gb dnkî{`wnhc$ gb {ù`w{nbmbcw bw g„îw`kdnssbmbcw gbs ub{-shccbs u{hwîfîbs u`{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc cb sb{hcw u`s wb{mncîbs#



@nod 02>Db Ohcsbnd îgî{`d snssb b{` bc{bfnsw{b{ d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc ` _bo{î-w`{n`w gbs C`wnhcs rcnbs# Db Ohcsbnd îgî{`d snssb nch{mb{` îf`dbmbcw db_bo{îw`{n`w gbs C`wnhcs rcnbs gb whwbs dbs {`wno`wnhcs$ `gaîsnhcs bw gîchc-

on`wnhcs p„nd uh{{` {bobzhn{ ` slbw gb d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

Bc jh gb prh dbs shssnfcîs$ ~`cw gîuhsî db{s udbncs uhzhn{s {bsubowns$hcw snfcî d` u{îsbcwb Ohczbcwnhc#

Bbw

nmmîgn`w

Gîchcon`wnhc

Chwno`wnhc

gbs gaîsnhcs

Bc{bfnsw{b-

mbcw `rq

C`wnhcs Rcnbs



;07 7b OhczBcwnhc

J`w å Fbcázb$ db 0; `hw 0>7>$ bc d`cfbs {`cæ`nsb bw `cfd`nsb$ d„h{nfnc`dgbz`cw ìw{b gîuhsî g`cs dbs {oanzbs gb d` Ohcîgî{`wnhc snssb# Db Ohcsbndîgî{`d snssb w{`csmbww{` cb ohunb ob{wnîb ohch{mb gb d` Ohczbcwnhc

å oaòc gbs w`ws snfc`w`n{bs$ `ncsn p„`q w`ws pn `{hcw `gaî{î å dÒhczbcwnhc#




@CCBqB NLG„`GD`J`\_

D`D__``_G_

@nod 0Dbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs bw gb sîo{nwî sb{hcw {îsb{zîbs sw{nowbmbcw `q ub{shccbs mbcwnhccîbs åd„`{wnodb ;? gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbsg`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb g 0; `hw 0>7> bw å d„`{wnodb 07 gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gbFbcázb {bd`wnzb å d` u{hwbownhc gbs ub{shccbs onzndbs bc wbmus gb fb{{b g 0; `hw 0>7>$`ncsn p„` ub{shccbd oa`{fî gb d„h{f`cns`wnhc bw gb d „ gmncnsw{`wnhc gb obs |hcbs bw dho`dnwîs

bw gbs shncs å ghccb{ `q ub{shccbs pn s„~ w{hzb{hcw ohcobcw{îbs#

Whwbhns$ dbs ub{shccbs pn hcw db{ {îsngbcob ub{m`cbcwb å d„ncwî{nb{ gb obs |hcbs `{hcwdb g{hnw g„~ sîlh{cb{#

@nod ;Dbs ub{shccbs sb w{hz`cw$ å pbdpb wnw{b pb ob shnw$ g`cs cb |hcb s`cnw`n{b bw gb sîo{nwîcb gbz{hcw sb dnz{b{ å òc w{`z`nd pn `{`nw c {ùuh{w gn{bow `zbo dbs huî{`wnhcs mndnw`n{bsh d` u{hgownhc g m`wî{nbd gb fb{{b cn å d„ncwî{nb{ cn å d„bqwî{nb{ gb obwwb |hcb#

@nod ?D` Unss`cob pn o{îb cb |hcb s`cnw`n{b bw gb sîo{nwî u{bcg{` whwbs mbs{bs ùu{hu{nîbsuh{ bc ncwb{gn{b d„òoás å whwbs dbs ub{shccbs pn c„hcw u`s db g{hnw gb s„~ {bcg{b h gb s„~ w{hzb{#

@nod 7Dbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs bw gb sîo{nwî {îuhcg{hcw `q ohcgnwnhcs snz`cwbs <

`. bddbs cb {bu{îsbcwb{hcw p„cb `nkdb u`{wnb g wb{{nwhn{b ohcw{÷dî u`{ d` Unss`cob pndbs ` o{îîbs 9

k. bddbs gbz{hcw ìw{b `nkdbmbcw ubudîbs u`{ {ùuh{w å db{ uhssnkndnwî g„òobnd 9o. bddbs sb{hcw îdhnfcîbs bw gîuh{zbs gb whw hklbown mndnw`n{b bw gb whwb ncsw`dd`wnhc

ncgsw{nbddb h `gmncnsw{`wnzb nmuh{w`cwb 9g. bddbs cb sb{hcw u`s snwîbs g`cs gbs {îfnhcs pn$ sbdhc whwb u{hk`kndnwî$ ubzbcw `zhn{

cb nmuh{w`cob s{ d` ohcgnwb gb d` fb{{b#

@nod 2Dbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs bw gb sîo{nwî sb{hcw shmnsbs `q hkdnf`wnhcs snz`cwbs <`. dbs zhnbs gb ohmmcno`wnhcs bw dbs mh~bcs gb w{`csuh{w p„bddbs ubzbcw ohmuh{wb{

cb sb{hcw u`s wndnsîs uh{ gbs gîudòbmbcws gb ub{shccbd h gb m`wî{nbd mndnw`n{bmìmb bc snmudb w{`csnw 9

k. bddbs cb sb{hcw mndnw`n{bmbcw gîbcgbs bc òcb on{ohcsw`cob#



;0: 7b OhczBcwnhc

@nod :Dbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs bw gb sîo{nwî sb{hcw gîsnfcîbs u`{ gbs k`cgbs hkdnpbs {hfbs s{ hcgkd`co ùuhsîbs å d` uî{nuaî{nb bw s{ dbs këwnmbcws#

Dbs |hcbs cnpbmbcw {îsb{zîbs `q kdbssîs bw m`d`gbs uh{{hcw ìw{b gîsnfcîbs u`{ gbs o{hnq{hfbs !gbs o{hnss`cws {hfbs$ gbs dnhcs bw shdbnds {hfbs. s{ hcg kd`co#

Gb cnw$ bddbs uh{{hcw d„ìw{b îf`dbmbcw u`{ c îod`n{`fb ùu{hu{nî#

@nod 6Gás db wbmus gb u`nq h å d„hzb{w{b gbs ahswndnwîs$ oa`pb Unss`cob ohmmcnpb{` åwhwbs dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs d` dnswb gbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs bw gb sîo{nwî îw`kdnbs s{db wb{{nwhn{b p„bddb ohcw{÷db# Bddb dbs nch{mb{` gb whwb chzbddb |hcb o{îîb ` oh{s g„c

ohcjnw#

Gás pb d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb `{` {bæ d` chwno`wnhc mbcwnhccîb on-gbsss$ d` |hcb sb{` {îf-dná{bmbcw ohcswnwîb#

_n$ whwbhns$ d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb bswnmb p„cb ohcgnwnhc uhsîb u`{ db u{îsbcw òoh{g c„bsw m`-cnbswbmbcw u`s {bmudnb$ bddb uh{{` {bsb{ gb {bohcc`ãw{b d` |hcb bc ohmmcnp`cw shc{bs å d` u`{wnb ghcw {bdázb d` |hcb$ h skh{ghccb{ s` {bohcc`nss`cob å d„ncswnwwnhc gohcw{÷db u{îz å d„`{wnodb 1#

@nod 1Oa`pb Unss`cob pn `{` {bohcc cb h udsnb{s |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs bw gb sîo{nwî îw`kdnbsu`{ d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb$ `{` db g{hnw gb gbm`cgb{ p„cb h udsnb{s ohmmnssnhcs suîon`dbsohcw{÷dbcw sn dbs |hcbs {bmudnssbcw dbs ohcgnwnhcs bw hkdnf`wnhcs îchcoîbs g`cs db u{îsbcwòoh{g#

obw bbw$ dbs mbmk{bs gbs ohmmnssnhcs suîon`dbs `{hcw bc whw wbmus dnk{b òoás `q gn-î{bcwbs |hcbs bw uh{{hcw mìmb ~ {îsngb{ gb `æhc ub{m`cbcwb# Whwbs òndnwîs db{ sb{hcwòoh{gîbs uh{ p„nds unssbcw bqb{ob{ db{ mnssnhc gb ohcw{÷db#

@nod > o`s hþ dbs ohmmnssnhcs suîon`dbs ohcsw`wb{`nbcw gbs `nws pn db{ u`{`ãw{`nbcw ohcw{`n{bs`q swnud`wnhcs g u{îsbcw òoh{g$ bddbs bc `zb{wn{`nbcw nmmîgn`wbmbcw d` Unss`cob ghcw{bdázb d` |hcb bw dn nmu`{wn{`nbcw c gîd`n gb oncp lh{s ` m`qnmm uh{ ~ {bmîgnb{ < bddbsbc nch{mb{hcw d` Unss`cob pn ` {bohcc d` |hcb#

_n$ å d„bqun{`wnhc gb ob gîd`n$ d` Unss`cob ghcw gîubcg d` |hcb c„` u`s ghccî snwb å d„`zb{-wnssbmbcw pn dn ` îwî `g{bssî$ d` u`{wnb `gzb{sb uh{{` gîod`{b{ p„bddb c„bsw uds dnîb u`{ dbu{îsbcw òoh{g å d„îf`{g gb obwwb |hcb#

@nod 05D` Unss`cob pn `{` o{îî cb h udsnb{s |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs bw gb sîo{nwî$ `ncsn pb dbs u`{-wnbs `gzb{sbs `qpbddbs db{ bqnswbcob `{` îwî chwnîb chmmb{hcw$ h b{hcw gîsnfcb{ u`{




dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobs h u`{ g„`w{bs Unss`cobs cbw{bs$ dbs ub{shccbs pn uh{{hcw`n{b u`{wnb gbs ohmmnssnhcs suîon`dbs ghcw nd bsw `nw mbcwnhc `q `{wnodbs 1 bw >#

@nod 00Dbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs bw gb sîo{nwî cb uh{{hcw$ bc òcb on{ohcsw`cob$ ìw{b `ww`pîbs$ m`nssb{hcw bc whw wbmus u{hwîfîbs bw {bsubowîbs u`{ dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw#

@nod 0;Bc o`s g„hoou`wnhc g„c wb{{nwhn{b$ dbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs bw gb sîo{nwî pn s„~ w{hzbcw gb- z{hcw ohcwncb{ å ìw{b {bsubowîbs bw wndnsîbs ohmmb wbddbs#

Obubcg`cw$ d` Unss`cob hoou`cwb uh{{` bc mhgnb{ d„ bow`wnhc ù{ás zhn{ `ss{î db sh{w

gbs ub{shccbs pn ~ îw`nbcw {bobnddnbs#

@nod 0?Db u{îsbcw òoh{g s„ùudnpb{` îf`dbmbcw `q dho`dnwîs pb dbs Unss`cobs `bowb{`nbcw `mìmb kw pb dbs |hcbs s`cnw`n{bs bw gb sîo{nwî#



;01 7b OhczBcwnhc

@CCBqB NNLGFD`

D___DDJ_`_ZD_

@nod 0Dbs Ohmnwîs g„ncwb{cîs sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å gnsw{nkb{ dbs bczhns gb sboh{s ohddbowns ghcw ndshcw d` oa`{fb å whs dbs ncwb{cîs {`wwòaîs `gmncnsw{`wnzbmbcw å db{ dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw$ `nc-sn p„å obq pn sb w{hzbcw g`cs dbs a÷unw`q$ h g`cs dbs u{nshcs h `w{bs îw`kdnssbmbcwsuîcnwbcwn`n{bs#

@nod ;D` gnsw{nkwnhc gbs bczhns gb sboh{s ohddbowns s„bbowb{` sbdhc dbs ncsw{ownhcs gbs ghc`-wb{s bw ohch{mîmbcw ` ud`c îw`kdn u`{ dbs Ohmnwîs g„ncwb{cîs 9 whwbhns$ d` gnsw{nkwnhcgbs sboh{s mîgno`q sb b{`$ gb u{îî{bcob$ g„bcwbcwb `zbo dbs mîgboncs-oabs$ bw obq-onuh{{hcw$ g`cs dbs a÷unw`q bw d`|`{bws$ gî{hfb{ `qgnwbs ncsw{ownhcs g`cs d` mbs{b hþ dbskbshncs gb db{s m`d`gbs db ohmm`cgbcw# G`cs db o`g{b `ncsn gîcn$ obwwb gnsw{nkwnhc sb b{`whlh{s g„cb m`cná{b îpnw`kdb#

@nod ?c gb uhzhn{ zî{nb{ d` p`dnwî `ncsn pb d` p`cwnwî gbs m`{oa`cgnsbs {bæbs$ bw îw`kdn{ åob slbw gbs {ùuh{ws gîw`nddîs å d„ncwbcwnhc gbs ghc`wb{s$ dbs mbmk{bs gbs Ohmnwîs g„ncwb{-cîs sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å sb {bcg{b g`cs dbs f`{bs bw `w{bs dnbq g„`{{nzîb$ u{hoabs gb db{ dnbg„ncwb{cbmbcw$ hþ db{ u`{znbccbcw dbs bczhns gb sboh{s ohddbowns#

@nod 7Dbs Ohmnwîs g„ncwb{cîs {bobz{hcw dbs òndnwîs cîobss`n{bs uh{ zî{nb{ sn d` gnsw{nkwnhc gbs

sboh{s ohddbowns$ g`cs whwbs dbs skgnznsnhcs bw `ccbqbs gb db{ dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw$ s„bswbbowîb ohch{mîmbcw å db{s ncsw{ownhcs#

@nod 2Dbs Ohmnwîs g„ncwb{cîs sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å {bmudn{ `ncsn p„å `n{b {bmudn{ u`{ gbs mbmk{bsgbs Ohmnwîs g„ncwb{cîs g`cs gbs gîwòabmbcws gb w{`z`nd h u`{ dbs mîgboncs-oabs gbs d`-|`{bws bw a÷unw`q$ gbs h{mdbs h pbswnhcc`n{bs gbswncîs `q ghc`wb{s$ bw `~`cw w{`nw`q sboh{s ohddbowns !gnsw{nkwnhc$ kbshncs$ p`cwnwîs$ bwo#.# Obs h{mdbs bw pbswnhcc`n{bs

gmbcw {bmudns sb{hcw w{`csmns `q ghc`wb{s s`cs gîd`n#

@nod :c g„`ss{b{ cb gnsw{nkwnhc {îfdná{b gb sboh{s ohddbowns `q ncwb{cîs gb db{ dnbg„ncwb{cbmbcw bw$ îzbcwbddbmbcw$ gb `n{b òb `q kbshncs pb u{hzhpb{`nw d„`{{nzîb gbchzb`q ohcwncfbcws g„ncwb{cîs$ dbs Ohmnwîs g„ncwb{cîs sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å ohcswnwb{ bw å



DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> ;0>

m`ncwbcn{ gbs {îsb{zbs ss`cwbs gb sboh{s ohddbowns# Nds gnsuhsb{hcw$ å obw bbw$ g„bcw{b-u÷ws `gîp`ws 9 oa`pb bcw{bu÷w sb{` mcn gb gbq sb{{{bs$ db Ohmnwî gbs ncwb{cîs uhssî-g`cw dbs odîs gb d„cb bw db ohmm`cg`cw g dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw obddbs gb d„`w{b#

@nod 6Dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs$ bw dbs Unss`cobs gîwbcw{nobs bc u`{wnodnb{$ `wh{nsb{hcwg`cs whwb d` mbs{b g uhssnkdb$ bw shs {îsb{zb gb d` {îfdbmbcw`wnhc {bd`wnzb ` {`znw`nddb-mbcw gb d` uhud`wnhc$ whs òa`ws pn sb{`nbcw `nws s{ db{ wb{{nwhn{b bc zb gb gnsw{nkb{gbs sboh{s ohddbowns `q ncwb{cîs 9 bddbs òndnwb{hcw gb mìmb dbs w{`csb{ws gb hcgs bw `w{bsmbs{bs c`coná{bs$ wboacnpbs h `gmncnsw{`wnzbs$ bbowîs bc zb gb obs òa`ws#

@nod 1Dbs gnsuhsnwnhcs pn u{îoágbcw cb hcw u`s hkswòdb ` g{hnw gbs ncwb{cîs gb {bobzhn{ gbs sb-oh{s ohddbowns `z`cw db{ `{{nzîb g`cs c dnb g„ncwb{cbmbcw h bc oh{s gb w{`csb{w$ chcuds p„å d` uhssnkndnwî uh{ dbs {bu{îsbcw`cws gb d` Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob$ g Ohmnwî ncwb{c`-wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb h gb whw w{b h{f`cnsmb am`cnw`n{b zbc`cw bc ngb q ncwb{cîspn sb{`nw oa`{fî gb w{`csmbww{b obs sboh{s$ g„bc `ss{b{ d` gnsw{nkwnhc å db{s gbswnc`w`n{bsu`{ whs `w{bs mh~bcs p„nds lfb{`nbcw huuh{wcs#



;;5 7b OhczBcwnhc

@CCBqB NNN#`G„

@FBCOB OBCW[@DBGB [BC_BNFCBMBCW _R[ DB_ UB[_HCCB_ U[HWÎFÎB_

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Obwwb o`{wb bsw ncgîubcg`cwb gb dò`{wb suîon`db prb d„ncwb{cî bsw rwh{nsîå bczh~b{ å s` j`mnddb#

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DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> ;;0

@CCBqB NNN#D

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;;; 7b OhczBcwnhc

@CCBqB NNN#`G_G`

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DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> ;;?

[Î_HDRWNHC_GB D@ OHCJÎ[BCOB GNUDHM@WNPRBGB FBCÁZB$ 0>7>

[îdn 0D` Ohcî{bcob {bohmm`cgb pb$ g`cs db o`s g„c gnî{bcg s{ d„ncwb{u{îw`wnhc h d„ùudno`-wnhc gbs u{îsbcwbs Ohczbcwnhcs pn cb ubw u`s ìw{b {îshd g„cb `w{b m`cná{b$ dbs A`wbsU`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs ncwî{bssîbs s„bh{obcw gb sb mbww{b g„òoh{g uh{ shmbww{b db gnî-{bcg å d` Oh{ ncwb{c`wnhc`db gb Lswnob#

[îdn ;wwbcg pb$ g`cs db o`s hþ c ohcjnw ncwb{c`wnhc`d îod`wb{`nw$ nd uh{{`nw îzbcwbddbmbcw sbu{hgn{b gbs on{ohcsw`cobs hþ nd c„~ `nw u`s gb Unss`cob u{hwbow{nob `zbo db ohcoh{s bw shsdb ohcw{÷db gb d`pbddb dbs Ohczbcwnhcs uh{ d` u{hwbownhc gbs znownmbs gb d` fb{{b unssbcwìw{b ùudnpîbs 9

`wwbcg pb d„`{wnodb 05 gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bwgbs m`d`gbs g`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb g 0; `hùw 0>7>$ d„`{wnodb 05 gb d` Ohczbcwnhcgb Fbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs$ gbs m`d`gbs bw gbs c`{`fîs gbs h{obs `{-

mîbs s{ mb{ g 0; hùw 0>7>$ d„`{wnodb 05 gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb {bd`wnzb ` w{`nwbmbcw gbsu{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b g 0; `hùw 0>7>$ bw d„`{wnodb 00 gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb {bd`wnzb å dù{hwbownhc gbs ub{shccbs onzndbs bc wbmus gb fb{{b g 0; `hùw 0>7>$ u{îzhnbcw pb dbs A`wbsU`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs uh{{hcw bc whw wbmus s„bcwbcg{b uh{ ohcb{ å c h{f`cnsmb u{îsbc-w`cw whwbs f`{`cwnbs g„nmu`{wn`dnwî bw g„boònwî dbs wëoabs gîzhdbs `q Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobsu`{ dbsgnwbs Ohczbcwnhcs$ d` Ohcî{bcob {bohmm`cgb gb mbww{b `ssnw÷w pb uhssnkdb å d„îwgbd„huuh{wcnwî gb d` o{î`wnhc g„c h{f`cnsmb ncwb{c`wnhc`d ghcw dbs hcownhcs sb{`nbcw$ dh{sp„cbUnss`cob u{hwbow{nob `nw gî`w$ gb {bmudn{ dbs wëoabs oohmudnbs u`{ dbs Unss`cobs u{hwbow{nobsg`cs db ghm`ncb gb d „ uudno`wnhc gbs Ohczbcwnhcs uh{ d` u{hwbownhc gbs znownmbs gb d` fb{{b#

[îdn ?wwbcg p„nd bsw gnondb gb ohcod{b gbs òoh{gs ` oh{s gbs ahswndnwîs 9

`wwbcg pb d„`{wnodb ;1 gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîsbw gbs m`d`gbs g`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb g 0; `hw 0>7> u{îzhnw p„` oh{s gbsahswndnwîs dbs U`{wnbs ` ohcjnw s„bcwbcg{hcw ` slbw g„cb {bdázb îzbcwbddb g ub{shccbd{bwbc bw bc qb{hcw dbs mhg`dnwîs 9

`wwbcg pb d„`{wnodb ?0 gb obwwb mìmb Ohczbcwnhc u{îzhnw pb gás db gîkw gbs ahswndnwîs dbsU`{wnbs ` ohcjnw uh{{hcw qb{ u`{ òoh{gs suîon`q db uh{obcw`fb g ub{shccbd å {bwbcn{bc hcownhc g chmk{b gbs u{nshccnb{s `ncsn pb s` {îu`{wnwnhc g`cs dbs o`mus$

d` Ohcî{bcob u{nb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb g„îw`kdn{ db wbqwb g„c òoh{g-w~ub ohcob{c`cw dbs gbq pbswnhcs shdbzîbs g`cs dbs gbq `{wnodbs ssmbcwnhccîs bw gbshmbww{b obdn-on å d„ùu{hk`wnhc gbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs#



;;7 î_hDrwnhc_

[îdn 7wwbcg pb d„`{wnodb ?? gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb g ;6 lnddbw 0>;> uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhcg sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbs g`cs dbs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb$ {bd`wn `q unáobs g„ngbcwnwî

ghcw db ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b ghnw ìw{b uh{wb{$ c„` w{hzî p„cb ùudno`wnhc dnmnwîb ` oh{sgb d` sbohcgb fb{{b mhcgn`db bw p„nd bc bsw {îsdwî c f{`zb u{îlgnob uh{ gb chmk{bqmbmk{bs gb ob ub{shccbd$

d` Ohcî{bcob îmbw db zş pb dbs w`ws bw dbs _honîwîs c`wnhc`dbs gb d` O{hnq-[hfb u{bc-cbcw$ gás db wbmus gb u`nq$ whwbs mbs{bs uh{ pb db ub{shccbd s`cnw`n{b shnw gmbcw mcngbs ncsnfcbs bw o`{wbs g„ngbcwnwî u{îzs u`{ d„`{wnodb 75 gb d` chzbddb Ohczbcwnhc#

[îdn 2

wwbcg pb gb chmk{bq `ks hcw îwî ohmmns g`cs d „bmudhn g snfcb gb d` o{hnq {hfb$d` Ohcî{bcob îmbw db zş pb dbs w`ws zbnddbcw so{udbsbmbcw å ob pb d` o{hnq {hfb ncsnpb dbs bmkdámbs gb u{hwbownhc u{îzs å d „ {wnodb ?1 gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb uh{ d „ mî-dnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs bw gbs m`d`gbs g`cs dbs h{obs `{mîbs bc o`mu`fcb g 0; `hw0>7> cb shnbcw wndnsîs pb g`cs dbs dnmnwbs gbs Ohczbcwnhcs gb Fbcázb$ `c gb s`zbf`{gb{db{ `wh{nwî bw gb m`ncwbcn{ db{ a`wb snfcno`wnhc#

[îdn :

wwbcg pb d„îwgb wboacnpb gbs mh~bcs gb w{`csmnssnhc bcw{b dbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q$ g„cbu`{w$ bw dbs c`zn{bs gb fb{{b bw `î{hcbs mndnw`n{bs$ g„`w{b u`{w$ c„` u ìw{b `kh{gîb u`{ dù{îsbcwb Ohcî{bcob$ u`{ob p„bddb sh{w`nw gbs dnmnwbs pn `z`nbcw îwî qîbs å obwwb gb{cná{b 9

`wwbcg pb obwwb pbswnhc bsw uh{w`cw gb d` uds a`wb nmuh{w`cob uh{ d` sîo{nwî gbsc`zn{bs-a÷unw`q bw uh{ d„boònwî gb db{ òwnhc$

d` Ohcî{bcob îmbw db zş pb dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs ohcbcw g`cs c `zbcn{ {ù-u{hoaî å cb Ohmmnssnhc g„Bqub{ws db shnc g„îwgnb{ d` mnsb ` uhncw wboacnpb gbs mh~bcsmhgb{cbs gb w{`csmnssnhc bcw{b dbs c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q$ g„cb u`{w$ bw dbs c`zn{bs gb fb{{b bw

`î{hcbs mndnw`n{bs$ g„`w{b u`{w$ `ncsn pb d„îd`kh{`wnhc g„c ohgb ncwb{c`wnhc`d {îfdbmbc-w`cw gb `æhc u{îonsb d„s`fb gb obs mh~bcs 9 obd` g`cs db kw g„`ss{b{ `q c`zn{bs-a÷unw`qdb m`qnmm gb u{hwbownhc bw g„boònwî#

[îdn 6D` Ohcî{bcob$ gîsn{bsb g„`ss{b{ d` uds f{`cgb u{hwbownhc uhssnkdb `q c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q$bqu{nmb d„bsuhn{ pb whwbs dbs A`wbs U`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs snfc`w`n{bs gb d` Ohczbcwnhcgb Fbcázb uh{ d„`mîdnh{`wnhc g sh{w gbs kdbssîs$ gbs m`d`gbs bw gbs c`{`fîs gbs h{obs

`{mîbs s{ mb{ g 0; hw 0>7>$ u{bcg{hcw whwbs gnsuhsnwnhcs wndbs uh{ pb$ whwbs dbs hnspb obd` bsw uhssnkdb$ dbsgnws c`zn{bs-a÷unw`q gnsbcw å ncwb{z`ddbs {îpbcws bw {îfdnb{swhs {bcsbnfcbmbcws {bd`wns å db{ uhsnwnhc$ å db{ gn{bownhc bw å db{ znwbssb#



DB_ OhczBcwnhc_ gB fBcázB gB 0>7> ;;2

[îdn 1D` Ohcî{bcob wnbcw å `{mb{$ gbz`cw whs dbs ubudbs <

pb$ sbs w{`z`q `~`cw îwî ncsun{îs cnpbmbcw u`{ gbs u{îhoou`wnhcs am`cnw`n{bs$ bddb

h{mb db zş `{gbcw pb l`m`ns dbs Fhzb{cbmbcws c„ nbcw kbshnc g`cs d„`zbcn{ g„ùudnpb{dbs Ohczbcwnhcs gb Fbcázb uh{ d` u{hwbownhc gbs znownmbs gb d` fb{{b 9

pb shc uds zn gîsn{ bsw bc bbw pb f{`cgbs bw ubwnwbs Unss`cobs unssbcw whlh{s w{hzb{cb shdwnhc `mn`kdb å db{s gnî{bcgs u`{ d` zhnb gb d` ohdd`kh{`wnhc bw gb d„bcwbcwb ncwb{c`-wnhc`db$ `c pb d` u`nq {áfcb gîcnwnzbmbcw s{ d` wb{{b#

[îdn >wwbcg pb d„`{wnodb 60 gb d` Ohczbcwnhc gb Fbcázb {bd`wnzb w{`nwbmbcw gbs u{nshccnb{s gb

fb{{b g 0; hw 0>7>$ u{îzhnw pb dbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{b pn shcw gbuns dhcfwbmus s`cschzbddbs gb db{ `mnddb$ h pn sb w{hzbcw g`cs d„nmuhssnkndnwî g„bc {bobzhn{ h gb dn bcghccb{ u`{ d` zhnb h{gnc`n{b$ gb mìmb pb obq pn shcw sîu`{îs gbs db{s u`{ gbs gnsw`cobsohcsngî{`kdbs$ sb{hcw `wh{nsîs å bquîgnb{ gbs wîdîf{`mmbs ghcw dbs w`qbs sb{hcw u`ssîbs `gîknw gb db{ ohmuwb ù{ás gb d` Unss`cob gîwbcw{nob h u`~îbs `zbo d„`{fbcw ghcw nds gnsuh-sbcw$ mbs{b ghcw dbs u{nshccnb{s kîcîonb{hcw îf`dbmbcw bc o`s g„{fbcob 9

`wwbcg pb uh{ {îgn{b db ohw u`{hns w{ás îdbzî gb obs wîdîf{`mmbs$ nd sb{`nw cîobss`n{bgb u{îzhn{ c s~swámb gb f{hubmbcw gbs mbss`fbs h gb sî{nbs gb k{bs mbss`fbs-w~ubs$

ohcob{c`cw d` s`cwî g u{nshccnb{$ obddb gb s` `mnddb$ dbs {bcsbnfcbmbcws sohd`n{bs bw c`c-onb{s$ bwo#$ mbss`fbs pn uh{{`nbcw ìw{b {îgnfîs bw oan{îs å d„s`fb gbs u{nshccnb{s gb fb{{bsb w{hz`cw g`cs dbs ohcgnwnhcs ncgnpîbs ` u{bmnb{ `dncî`$

d` Ohcî{bcob ncznwb db Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb å îw`kdn{ cb sî{nb gbmbss`fbs-w~ubs {îuhcg`cw å obs bqnfbcobs$ bw å dbs shmbww{b å d„ùu{hk`wnhc gbs A`wbsU`{wnbs ohcw{òw`cwbs#

[îdn 05

D` Ohcî{bcob bswnmb pb dbs ohcgnwnhcs gb d` {bohcc`nss`cob g„cb U`{wnb å c ohcjnwohmmb kbddnfî{`cw$ u`{ dbs Unss`cobs gbmb{`cw ah{s gb ob ohcjnw$ shcw {îfnbs u`{ db g{hnwncwb{c`wnhc`d ukdno bw cb shcw u`s mhgnîbs u`{ dbs Ohczbcwnhcs gb Fbcázb#

[îdn 00wwbcg pb dbs Ohczbcwnhcs gb Fbcázb nmuhsbcw ` Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb d„hkdnf`wnhc gb sb wbcn{ u{ìw bc whw wbmus bw bc whwbs on{ohcsw`cobs å {bmudn{ dbswëoabs am`cnw`n{bs pb dn ohcbcw obs Ohczbcwnhcs$

d` Ohcî{bcob {bohcc`ãw d` cîobssnwî g„ ss{b{ ` Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hfb cùun c`conb{ {îfdnb{#





Mnssnhc

H{f`cns`wnhc nmu`{wn`db$ cbrw{b bw ncgîubcg`cwb$ db

Ohmnwî ncwb{c`wnhc`d gb d` O{hnq-[hrfb !ONO[. ` d` mnssnhc

bqodrsnzbmbcw arm`cnw`n{b gb u{hwîfb{ d` znb bw d` gnfcnwî

gbs znownmbs gb ohcnws `{mîs bw g„`rw{bs snwr`wnhcs gb

znhdbcob$ bw gb dbr{ uh{wb{ `ssnsw`cob# Db ONO[ s„bjh{ob

îf`dbmbcw gb u{îzbcn{ d` shrj{`cob u`{ d` u{hmhwnhc bw

db {bch{obmbcw gr g{hnw bw gbs u{nconubs arm`cnw`n{bs

rcnzb{sbds# O{îî bc 01:?$ db ONO[ bsw å d„h{nfncb gbs

Ohczbcwnhcs gb Fbcázb bw gr Mhrzbmbcw ncwb{c`wnhc`d

gb d` O{hnq-[hrfb bw gr O{hnss`cw-[hrfb$ ghcw nd gn{nfb bw

ohh{ghccb dbs òwnznwîs ncwb{c`wnhc`dbs g`cs dbs ohcnws

`{mîs bw dbs `rw{bs snwr`wnhcs gb znhdbcob#



Documents

Les Conventions de Genève du 12 août 1949